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Antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from endotracheal tubes of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan during 2018-2022
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Mansooreh Momen-Heravi    , Mahsa Mohazzabpour , Mohammadjavad Azadchehr , Ashraf Bakhshi , Sareh Bagheri-Josheghani * |
| Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran , bagheri.sa41@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (573 Views) |
Background and Aim: Respiratory infections in intensive care unit (ICU) patients pose a significant challenge among intubated patients, leading to severe complications and high mortality rates. This study aimed to assess the antibiotic resistance trends of organisms isolated from endotracheal tube secretions of patients admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan over a five-year period.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, medical records of 925 intubated patients with positive endotracheal tube cultures at Shahid Beheshti Hospital from 2018 to 2022 were reviewed. Extracted data included demographic variables (age, sex, and admission cause), bacterial species isolated from endotracheal tubes, antibiogram results, length of hospital stay, and outcomes (discharge or death). The hospital laboratory cultured tracheal tube samples on blood agar and MacConkey agar, followed by bacterial identification after 24 hours of incubation. The disk diffusion method, adhering to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing.
Results: A total of 925 bacterial pathogens were isolated from endotracheal tube cultures over the five-year period, with 57.8% of patients being male and 42.2% female. The most prevalent isolates were Acinetobacter spp. (52.5%) and Klebsiella spp. (29.4%). Antibiotic resistance patterns revealed that Acinetobacter and Klebsiella exhibited the highest resistance to ceftazidime (98.5% and 93.6%, respectively). Based on annual average percentage change (AAPC) values, resistance to cephalexin increased significantly by 4.63% per year (P < 0.05). Furthermore, multidrug resistance (MDR) in Klebsiella increased significantly by 7.78% annually (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study highlights alarmingly high rates of antibiotic resistance among common ICU pathogens, particularly Acinetobacter and Klebsiella, with near-total resistance to ceftazidime. The significant rise in resistence to cephalexin, along with increasing MDR in Klebsiella, underscores the urgent need for stringent surveillance and enhanced infection control programs within ICUs. |
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| Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Antibiogram, Intensive care unit, Multidrug resistance |
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Full-Text [PDF 537 kb]
(71 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2025/01/7 | Revised: 2025/07/16 | Accepted: 2025/05/5 | Published: 2025/07/1
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