Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the outcome of pneumonia among the Beheshti hospital patients.

Materials and Methods: This cohort study was done on pneumonia patients (n=140) in Kashan Beheshti hospital during 2014-2015. A questionnaire consisting the demographic, clinical and paraclinical findings and outcomes was filled-out.

Results: Eighty three (59.3%) out of 140 patients were male and 57(40.7%) women. The majority of cases were ≥50 years old (mean age 60.02±1.70) .There was a history of diabetes in 54(38.6%) .The most common signs and symptoms were coughing and the lung rales. The ninty-one and 9% of the cases were improved and complicated condition, respectively. The complication were: pleural effusion (77%), empiyema (15%) and abscess (8%).There was positive CRP (100%); increased ESR (82%) and leukocytosis (80%). While, there was no statistical association between the sex, age and clinical symptoms with the disease complication and outcome, there was a significant correlation between the first BS, HbA1C, CRP, duration of hospitalization, radiographic pattern and diabetes with disease outcome.

Conclusion: Considering the association between the diabetes in one side and some factors (outcome of pneumonia, duration of hospitalization, history of pneumonia, times of  admission, BS at admission, HbA1c, bilateral involvement, leukocytosis, increased ESR, CRP and CURB 65, the diabetes should be  considered as an important factor affecting the pneumonia outcome. The managed control of diabetes can improve the pneumonia outcome.