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Determination of Demographic, Clinical, Laboratory Characteristics, and Risk Factors in Patients with Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis referring to a Rheumatology Clinic (2015-2023)
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Batool Zamani    , Neda Dayaghi , Akram Yazdani , Hossein Motedayyen * |
| , hmotedayyen@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (74 Views) |
Background and Aim: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an inflammatory breast disease that primarily affects women of reproductive age. Its prolonged clinical course and the frequent need for multiple medical or surgical treatments make it a challenging condition. This study investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and pathological features of patients with IGM.
Methods: This cross-sectional study reviewed biopsy-confirmed IGM cases referred to a rheumatology clinic from 2015 to 2023. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, laboratory and ultrasonographic findings, and potential risk factors were collected using a structured checklist. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 26.
Results: One hundred patients with IGM were evaluated. The mean age was 33.35 ± 7.01 years. Most cases involved the left breast, and mass distribution across the four quadrants was similar. The mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 5.13 ± 6.98 months. The most common presenting symptoms were breast pain (93%) and a palpable mass (79%). On physical examination, tenderness, erythema, and swelling were the most frequent findings. Histopathology most often showed lymphocytic infiltration (97%) and multinucleated giant cells (89%). Corticosteroids were the most commonly used treatment (58.5%). A history of at least one pregnancy was present in 95% of patients.
Conclusions: IGM is a rare condition that should be considered in women of childbearing or breastfeeding age who present with breast pain, a palpable mass, swelling, and erythema. Diagnosis relies on histopathologic findings, particularly lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells.
Keywords: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, Epidemiology, Risk factors, Clinical findings, Laboratory findings.
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| Keywords: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, Epidemiology, Risk factors, Clinical findings, Laboratory findings. |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
medicine, paraclinic
Received: 2025/12/4 | Revised: 2026/01/12 | Accepted: 2026/01/11
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