Background: Kawasaki disease is the most common children vasculitis and one of the most common acquired heart diseases with serious complications. Although infectious agents are supposed to be involved in the pathogenesis, it is still largely unknown. The present study was performed to survey the related factors in Kawasaki disease in children hospitalized in Shaheed Beheshti hospital (Kashan) and Tehran Children's Center, 1995-2000.

Materials and Methods: It was an existing data type study. Having reviewed the files of Kawasaki disease initial data including age, sex, clinical manifestations, laboratory results and primary infection were recorded.

Results: Study population included 40 boys and 23 girls, aged 1-8 years. Clinical manifestations were fever and oral changes (100%), conjunctivitis (85.7%), rash (79.3%), acral desquamation (79.3%), arthritis and swelling of extremities (53.9%), cervical lymphadenopathy (50%) and diarrhea (38%). Laboratory findings were: raised ESR (100%), thrombocytosis (90%), leucocytosis (82.5%), pyoria and proteinuria (53.9%). Primary infections were noted as below: Pneumonia (9.5%), UTS (14.2%), osteomielitis (7.9%), meningitis (12.6%) and 12.6% of patients had previous history of contact with detergents.

Conclusion: Results have revealed that Kawasaki is accompanied by an infectious cause in more than 50% of the cases.