Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is among the prevalent causes of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Here, we discuss the best diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the disease.

Materials and Methods: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, etiologies, natural course, differential diagnosis, treatment options, complications and follow up of the disease are reviewed in this paper.

Results: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease seems to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Liver function tests and sonography can be used as the appropriate screening tests for diagnosis. Weight loss and control of hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus might be the best therapeutic approaches.

Conclusion: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may decrease mortality and morbidity rate associated to the cardiovascular complications of the metabolic syndrome.