Background: Trauma is the leading cause of mortality and its unfavorable outcomes among the population under 50 years. This study was conducted to assess the outcome of traumatic brain injuries and its related factors among the patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU).

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 95 patients hospitalized with traumatic brain injuries in ICU wards of Kashan hospitals. A check-list was used for data gathering, consisted of demographic and clinical data (e.g. characteristics of accident, trauma outcome and the level of consciousness). The level of consciousness was evaluated using Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on admission and 6 hours post-admission in ICU.

Results: The average age of patients was 27.6±13.9 years. The average length of hospitalization in ICU (12.3±13.9 days) showed a significant relationship with GCS. Sixty-percent of patients showed desirable outcomes with a mortality of 23.2%. The severity of head trauma on admission and 6 hours post-admission had a significant relation to trauma outcome (P=0.0001). Logistic regression showed that GCS evaluation 6 hours post-admission could identify the outcome of trauma (P=0.007).

Conclusion: The evaluation of GCS 6 hours post-admission to ICU was among the most important variables in identifying outcomes after head trauma. To evaluate and predict the outcomes of head trauma, the data related to the GCS of the ICU patients should be recorded carefully.