History and Objectives: Due to prevalence of the urinary tract infection among children especially females and its well defined side effects and some discrepancies on its frequency and causative factors, the present investigation is designed to determine the prevalence of the urinary tract infection among female primary school students at the city of Rafsanjan in 1997.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive study on female primary school students using morning urine test (Comber-9) for nitrates, leukocyte esterase and pH was undertaken. Urine culture test was used to confirm positive cases.

Results: From 5339 cases, 371 (6.9%) had one positive urine test and 48 cases (0.9%) had positive culture urine test. 80% of cases with positive urine test did not display and clinical signs. E.coli (85.4%) was the most causative factor in the urinary tract infection.

Conclusion: Due to its prevalence and absence of clinical signs, analytical studies for causative factor contributing to the emergence of the disease the experimental trial for reduction of the infection are suggested.