1. Cole JB, Florez JC. Genetics of diabetes mellitus and diabetes complications. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020; 16(7): 377-90. doi:10.1038/s41581-020-0278-5

2. Babatzia A, Papaioannou W, Stavropoulou A, Pandis N, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Papagiannoulis L, et al. Clinical and microbial oral health status in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int Dent J. 2020; 70(2): 136-44. doi:10.1111/idj.12530

3. Wu CZ, Yuan YH, Liu Hh, Li SS, Zhang BW, Chen W, et al. Epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Oral Health. 2020; 20(1): 1-15. doi:10.1186/s12903-020-01180-w

4. Cai H, Li G, Zhang P, Xu D, Chen L. Effect of exercise on the quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Qual Life Res. 2017; 26: 515-30. doi:10.1007/s11136-016-1481-5

5. Duarte-Silva E, de Melo MG, Maes M, Chaves Filho AJM, Macedo D, Peixoto CA. Shared metabolic and neuroimmune mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021; 111: 110351. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110351

6. Passarelli M, Machado UF. AGEs-induced and endoplasmic reticulum stress/inflammation-mediated regulation of GLUT4 expression and atherogenesis in diabetes mellitus. Cells. 2021; 11(1): 104. doi:10.3390/cells11010104

7. Flores-Opazo M, McGee SL, Hargreaves M. Exercise and GLUT4. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2020; 48(3): 110-8. doi:10.1249/JES.0000000000000224

8. Livingstone R, Bryant NJ, Boyle JG, Petrie JR, Gould GW. Diabetes is accompanied by changes in the levels of proteins involved in endosomal GLUT4 trafficking in obese human skeletal muscle. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab J. 2022; 5(5): e361. doi:10.1002/edm2.361

9. Horii N, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Resistance exercise‐induced increase in muscle 5α‐dihydrotestosterone contributes to the activation of muscle Akt/mTOR/p70S6K‐and Akt/AS160/GLUT4‐signaling pathways in type 2 diabetic rats. FASEB J. 2020; 34(8): 11047-57. doi:10.1096/fj.201903223RR

10. Frøsig C, Rose AJ, Treebak JT, Kiens B, Richter EA, Wojtaszewski JF. Effects of endurance exercise training on insulin signaling in human skeletal muscle: interactions at the level of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, and AS160. Diabetes. 2007; 56(8): 2093-102. doi:10.2337/db06-1698

11. Protzek AO, Costa-Júnior JM, Rezende LF, Santos GJ, Araújo TG, Vettorazzi JF, et al. Augmented β‐cell function and mass in glucocorticoid‐treated rodents are associated with increased islet Ir‐β/AKT/mTOR and decreased AMPK/ACC and AS160 signaling. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014(1): 983453. doi:10.1155/2014/983453

12. Lee SR, Jeong SH, Mukae M, Jeong KJ, Kwun HJ, Hong EJ. GLUT4 degradation by GLUTFOURINH® in mice resembles moderate-obese diabetes of human with hyperglycemia and low lipid accumulation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis Dis. 2023; 1869(5): 166668. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166668

13. Amanat S, Ghahri S, Dianatinasab A, Fararouei M, Dianatinasab M. Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020:1228:91-105. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_6. doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_6

14. Ghalavand A, Saki H, Nazem F, Khademitab N, Behzadi Nezhad H, Behbodi M, et al. The effect of ganoderma supplementation and selected exercise training on glycemic control in boys with type 1 diabetes. Jundishapur Sci Med J. 2021; 20(4): 356-65. doi:10.32598/JSMJ.20.4.2426

15. Marino Gammazza A, Macaluso F, Di Felice V, Cappello F, Barone R. Hsp60 in skeletal muscle fiber biogenesis and homeostasis: From physical exercise to skeletal muscle pathology. Cells. 2018; 7(12): 224. doi:10.3390/cells7120224

16. Akram S, Tabssum M, Rao M, Qureshi HJ. Effect of endurance exercise on oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetic mice. Professional Med. J 2020; 27(07): 1493-8. doi:10.29309/TPMJ/2020.27.07.4486

17. Gupte AA, Bomhoff GL, Swerdlow RH, Geiger PC. Heat treatment improves glucose tolerance and prevents skeletal muscle insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet. Diabetes. 2009; 58(3): 567-78. doi:10.2337/db08-1070

18. Wang J, Polaki V, Chen S, Bihl JC. Exercise improves endothelial function associated with alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress of perivascular adipose tissue in type 2 diabetic mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020; 2020. doi:10.1155/2020/8830537

19. Sharma M, Dey CS. AKT ISOFORMS-AS160-GLUT4: The defining axis of insulin resistance. Rev Endocr Metab Dis. 2021; 22(4): 973-86. doi:10.1007/s11154-021-09652-2

20. Wa R, Bradley M, Elliott T. Akt/PKB activation and insulin signaling: a novel insulin signaling pathway in the treatment of type 2 diabetes metabolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Targets Ther. 2014; 7: 55-64. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S48260

21. Stanford KI, Goodyear LJ. Exercise and type 2 diabetes: molecular mechanisms regulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Adv Physiol Educ. 2014; 38(4): 308-14. doi:10.1152/advan.00080.2014

22. Maghami M, Keshavarz S, Haghshenas R, Eftekhari E. The Effect of Endurance Training and Nettle Consumption on Protein and Gene Expression of AKT and GLUT4 in Soleus Muscle of Diabetic Male Rats. 2021.

23. Banaeifar A, Ebrahimpour S, Tabatabaei H, Ebadi GM. The Effect of Resistance Training on Muscle GLUT4 Gene expression Blood glucose and Insulin Resistance in type 2 Diabetic Rats. 2019.

24. Pattamaprapanont P, Muanprasat C, Soodvilai S, Srimaroeng C, Chatsudthipong V. Effect of exercise training on signaling of interleukin-6 in skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetic rats. Rev Diabet Stud. 2016; 13(2-3): 197. doi:10.1900/RDS.2016.13.197

25. Ghalavand A, Motamedi P, Deleramnasab M, Khodadoust M. The effect of interval training and nettle supplement on glycemic control and blood pressure in men with type 2 diabetes. Int J Basic Sci Med. 2017; 2(1): 33-40. doi:10.15171/ijbsm.2017.08

26. Hussey S, McGee SL, Garnham A, McConell G, Hargreaves M. Exercise increases skeletal muscle GLUT4 gene expression in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012; 14(8): 768-71. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01585.x

27. Stafeev IS, Sklyanik IA, Yah'yaev KA, Shestakova EA, Yurasov AV, Karmadonov AV, et al. Low AS160 and high SGK basal phosphorylation associates with impaired incretin profile and type 2 diabetes in adipose tissue of obese patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019; 158: 107928. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107928

28. Zheng A, Arias EB, Wang H, Kwak SE, Pan X, Duan D, et al. Exercise-induced improvement in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by rat skeletal muscle is absent in male AS160-knockout rats, partially restored by muscle expression of phosphomutated AS160, and fully restored by muscle expression of wild-type AS160. Diabetes. 2022; 71(2): 219-32. doi:10.2337/db21-0601

29. Beavers KM, Brinkley TE, Nicklas BJ. Effect of exercise training on chronic inflammation. Clin Chim Acta. 2010; 411(11-12): 785-93. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2010.02.069

30. Park SY, Kwak YS. Impact of aerobic and anaerobic exercise training on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in athletes. J Exerc Rehabil. 2016; 12(2): 113. doi:10.12965/jer.1632598.299

31. Leite AB, Lima HN, de Oliveira Flores C, Oliveira CA, Cunha LEC, Neves JL, et al. High-intensity interval training is more effective than continuous training to reduce inflammation markers in female rats with cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Life Sci. 2021; 266: 118880. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118880

32. Shahouzehi B, Nasri H, Aminizadeh S, Masoumi-Ardakani Y. The Effect of High-intensity Interval Training and L-carnitine on the Expression of Some Pro-inflammatory Genes in the Liver and Cardiac Tissues of Rats. J Kerman Univ Med Sci. 2021; 28(1): 56-68.

33. Fakhri S, Shakeryan S, Alizadeh A, Shahryari A. Effect of 6 weeks of high intensity interval training with nano curcumin supplement on antioxidant defense and lipid peroxidation in overweight girls-clinical trial. Iran J Diabetes Obes. 2020. doi:10.18502/ijdo.v11i3.2606

34. Cerf ME. Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Front Endocrinol. 2013; 4:37. doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00037

35. Gandhi SM, Nylen ES, Sen S. The Role of Physical Activity on Insulin Resistance-Associated Endothelial Dysfunction. Vascular Biology-Selection Mechanisms Clin Applications. 2019. doi:10.5772/intechopen.89314