History and Objectives: Due to the importance of diagnosis of the abnormal epithelial cells of cervix and usual diagnostic method of Pap smear and various reports of ability of Pap smear in diagnosis of abnormal epithelial, in order to determine positive predictive value of Pap smear with abnormal epithelial cells comparing with the biopsy and patients characteristics this study was carried out among women referred to Shabihkhani hospital of Kashan in 1996-1999.

Materials and Methods: A clinical trial was performed on all women with abnormal Pap smear candidate to biopsy. Data were collected by interview and reports of Pap smear, type, results of biopsy were recorded. Analysis was performed and positive predictive value was determined.

Results: From 65 patients analyzed, all samples had abnormal epithelial cell determined by Pap smear test. The positive predictive value of the detection of the disease was 78.5%.

Conclusion: Considering the ease, relative inexpensiveness and availability of the Pap smear and relative low predictive value, further investigation in order to upgrade the quality of Pap smear test and to increase the diagnostic power of abnormal epithelial cells is needed. In addition, a new clinical trial design is required.