@article{ 
author = {Nikzad, Hossein and Rezazadeh, Mojtaba and Hosseini, Ahmad and ShariatTorbeghan, Shams and Mousavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas},  
title = {Long term effect of vasectomy on rat prostate tissue}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: vasectomy is one of the prevalent method approved by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education for prevention of male reproductive competency. Due to discrepancies in the reported cases of the effect of vasectomy on the testicular tissue of human and animal models, in order to determine the long term affected of vasectomy on the general appearance and histology of testicular tissue, the present study was carried out in Tarbiat Modares university in 1995. Materials and Methods: An experimental study on 14 Wistar rats was performed. They were randomly divided equally into 2 vasectomy and shame operated groups: A bilateral surgery was performed on all rats. Changes in the testicular tissue were assessed by taking histologic samples (With hematoxillin-eosin, PAS and trichrome mission staining) 6 months after the surgery. Weight and volume of testis, seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubule, testicular volume percentage and number of epithelial germinal sertoli cell of seminiferous tubule were recorded. Data gathered from 2 groups was compared and statistical analysis was done. Results: vasectomy induces changes in increased folding of membrane of seminiferous tubule, vacuolization of epithelium seminiferous tubule and desquamation of immature germ cells, in vasectomized group. Comparison of the changes of variables under investigation in 2 groups indicates that there is a significant difference between the 2 groups. Testicular weight (1.2±0.2 in vasectomized group compared to 1.5±0.2 g in control group), testicular volume (1.1±0.2 cm³ compared to 1.4±0.2 cm³) (P<0.0005), seminiferous tubular thickness 225±53 micron compared to 78±15.1 micron) (P<0.0001) showed significant reduction. In addition, testicular volume percentage and number of germ cells in 2 groups showed significant difference (P<0.0001). However, number of sertoli cells did not changed significantly. Conclusion: Vasectomy induces significant changes in the rat testicular tissue which further study is required to elucidate the underlying mechanism and extrapolation of the results to humans.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {1-11}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-534-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-534-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Hamidi, Gholam Ali and Oryan, Shahrbano and Parivar, Kazem},  
title = {Effect of Caffeine on the rat\'s embryonic tissue and reproductive system}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to wide spread use of xanthenic compounds as flavoring agents in food industries and their application in the pharmaceutical industry, the effect these substances on human has attracted attention of many investigators. However, since little information is available on the effect of Caffeine on endocrine and reproductive system, the present study is designed to elucidate the teratogenic and other effects of Caffeine on adult rate reproductive system and on the histology of embryo during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: An experimental study on 28 female Wistar rat (Weight 200-240 gr) was carried out. They were divided into 3 control, sham and experimental groups. On the basis of LD50 (185 mg/kg), 60 mg/kg of Caffeine was injected intrapertioneally. Toxic effect of Caffeine on blood samples and reproductive system were determined. Weight, C-R values and developmental defects were studied on the embryo. Statistical ANOVA analysis was performed. Results: The results indicate that Caffeine reduces ovarian size, follicular atresia, increase size of corpus luteum and increases luteinization of ovaries. In addition Caffeine induces developmental defects in embryo by reduction of C-R value, retarded growth of organs responsible for movement and bulging of brain. Conclusion: Caffeine induces histologic changes on the reproductive system of adult female rat and her embryo. Further study on the effect of Caffeine in control of reproduction is recommended. In addition, the effect of Caffeine usage by pregnant mother on the well being of embryo and her reproductive system is recommended.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {12-19}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-535-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-535-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mahvi, Amir Hossein and Mesdaghinia, Ali Reza and MoayediZadeh, Pejm},  
title = {Efficiency of active sludge without reversible sludge}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to problems and limitation associated with active sludge system with continuous and discontinuous current for the disposal of sewage, the present article present an active sludge system, without reversal of sludge with continuous current and continuous cycles and its efficacy in a laboratory scale is assessed. Materials and Methods: The system consists of 2 reservoirs with dimensions, airation equipments, opening for entrance of sewage and exit of filtered water which have the same flow rate and with interchanging airation reservoirs and sedimentation function. MLSS, BOD5, TKN, NH3, SV1, MLVss, COD and DO test for efficiency were performed with the constructed sewage system and with city sewage system. Results: Concentration of MLSS sewage, MLVss, F/M ratio during the operation and in each step was reduced. Efficiency of reduction of COD increase was from 87% to 98% and in the city sewage system from 85% to 91%. Assessment of the efficiency of the variable was positive. Conclusion: The system had a high degree of efficiency. Further study on the final assessment and practical application of the system is recommended.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {20-29}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-536-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-536-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {KhajehKaramodini, Mehrangiz and Partovi, Simi},  
title = {Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori, clinical symptoms, laboratory and endoscopic findings among children referred to the Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad, 1996-97}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in upper gastrointestinal diseases among adults and its well characterized effects and lack information on its effect among children and in order to determine the clinical characteristics, endoscopic and laboratory finding of Helicobacter pylori, the present study was carried on children who had endoscopic examination for various reasons in the Ghaem hospital of Mashhad in 1996-1997. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study on individuals under the age of 16 years of age was conducted. Personal data, clinical signs, complaints, endoscopic and laboratory findings were recorded. Biopsy samples placed in Stewart media and transferred to the clinical laboratory in less than 6 hours and cultured in Columbia-agar media. On the basis of histological features of pregnable, urease, oxidase and catalase tests the diagnosis was determined and prevalence of the infection in the sample and population was analyzed. Results: From 59 qualified patients with mean age of 9.2±3 years (26 boys) the prevalence of the Helicobacter pylori infection was 41%. The most prevalent complaint among patients was stomach ache (83%) and the most significant endoscopic finding was gastric inflammation (76%) and esophageal inflammation (68%). The most prevalent complaint among patients with positive culture test was heartburn and brash. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori is indicated in the gastrointestinal complication among children. Its prevalence is 2 to 3 time more than is reported in reference textbooks. Further study on the prevalence, clinical symptoms, major complaints and prognosis of the disease is needed.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {30-36}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-537-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-537-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mofid, Jafar and Boustani, Iranpour and Karegar, Faranak},  
title = {Results of Thyroid nodule surgery among patients referred to the Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, 1992-96}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to the prevalence of thyroid nodules and discrepancies on the specificities of the patients, type of thyroid nodule, outcome and side effects of treatment and in order to determine the thyroidectomy indications, the present study was designed and carried out on 220 patients referred to the Ayatollah Taleghani hospital in 1992-1996. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on the existing data. Personal data age, sex, clinical symptoms, isotopic scan results, presurgical diagnosis and pathological findings after surgery were taken from patient’s records and a descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: From 3810 surgical operations, 220 cases (5.8%) (76.8% female and 23.2% male) was due to thyroidectomy procedures. Mean age of patients was 35±12 years and 71% of the patients were under 40 years of age. Cold nodules (65.9%), warm nodules (23.6%), hot nodules (8.7%) and without nodules (1.8%) were the most prevalent type of thyroid nodules. 36 cases (16.4%) of the cases were malignant and 83.6% of the cases were benign. The most prevalent type malignancy was papillary carcinoma (64%) and 25% of the cold nodules were malignant. No malignancy was observed in warm and hot nodules. Conclusion: In some of the cases FNA was not performed. The data indicated the 16.4% of the cases has malignancy. It is suggested that all patients with thyroid nodules and definitive and uncertain FNA, the cancerous tissue should be removed by surgical procedure. Reduction of cold nodules by L-thyroxin does not eliminate the possibility of malignancy. However, in malignant cases, rapid accumulation of fluid after drainage and observation of papillary carcinoma of cyst even with negative cytological findings, probability of cancer and surgery should be considered. Euthyroid patients with hot nodules should be kept under supervision and in the case of hyperactivity of small nodules radioactive iodine may be prescribed. However, for nodules with diameter of 5-6 cm surgery is recommended.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {37-42}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-538-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-538-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Aghadoust, Davoud and Zare, Mohamamd and Mousavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas},  
title = {Study of 4291 eye patient referred to the Matini Hospital of Kashan}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Since little information is available on the various type of eye diseases and reasons for hospitalization at eye medical centers and its effect on the educational-therapeutic management and in order to study the patients admitted to ophthalmology department of Matini hospital of Kashan, the present investigation was carried on 4291 patients during 1991-1996. Material and Methods: The study was performed on existing data. Age, sex type of illness (Or reason for referral), urban or rural residence, type of treatment (Therapeutic or surgical) and type of insurance and data of hospitalization were recorded. Results: From 4291 patients, 48.5% were males (2083 patients) and 51.5% were females (2208 patients). The most prevalent age group was 58±9. Cataract and retinal detachment were highest and lowest type of diseases (69% and 0.9% respectively). 67.2% of patients were urban residents and the rest were rural inhabitants. Majority of patients (89%) received surgical treatments and 11% received drug treatment. Tamin Ejtemai health insurance was the dominant type of insurance (45.6%) and Committee Emdad Imam Khomeini, private insurance and non-insured patients covered other cases. The largest job group was housewives (47%) and children formed the less frequent group (5%). From 1991 through 1996 the number patients referred to the hospital was no the rise. Conclusion: The most prevalent reason for hospitalization was cataract and majority of such cases were above 40 years of age. Trauma, strabism, canaliculitis, glaucoma and retinal detachment were the most prevalent type of illness after cataract. With increasing age, the prevalence of cataract, glaucoma and retinal detachment also increases and the prevalence of eye trauma decreases. Further study on the causes of illnesses, change in insurance coverage and duration of hospitalization and comparison of hospitalization and short stay treatment in needed.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {43-51}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-539-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-539-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Fallah, Azar},  
title = {Blood hemoglobin levels among healthy newborns at first 24 hour after birth at Loghman Hospital}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to importance of hemoglobin in the assessment of anemia, different reports on its values, concern on the spread of the low hemoglobin levels among children and in order to determine the blood level of hemoglobin among healthy newborns, the present study was carried out on patients referred to the Loghman hospital in 1996-1997. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study on 230 newborns with proper apgar and without meconium aspiration, hypoxia, edema and cardiac and liver insufficiencies and without large spleen, icterus and other congenital anomalies was conducted. With the parental consent, 2ml blood was taken from each child and blood hemoglobin was determined and personal features of each child is recorded and statistical analysis and confidence interval was assessed. Results: Hemoglobin levels were the same for boys and girls (16.3±1.8 g/dl). 6.4% of infants had hemoglobin levels lower than 13 g/dl and 80% had hemoglobin levels at 14-18 g/dl range and 14% for the infants had hemoglobin levels of 19 g/dl or higher. Conclusion: According to the present data there is no concern about anemia among newborns. Especially the study was carried out in region with low social and income status.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {52-56}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-540-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-540-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Khamechian, Tahere and Mazouchi, Tahere and Vali, Gholam Rez},  
title = {Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori infection from gastric biopsy samples sent to the pathology laboratory of Kashan Medical University, 1996-97}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Considering the gastric diseases and its side effects and the role of Helicobacter pylori on the disease and since discrepant reports on the role of the microorganism on the diseases and in order to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori, the present study was carried out on gastric biopsies sent to Department of Pathology of Kashan Medical University at 1996-1997. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was carried on 200 gastric biopsies. In order to determine the abnormality, tissue preparation and side was stained with hematoxyllin-eosin. Pathological abnormalities were grouped into 3 groups gastritis, ulcer and neoplasia. Presence of Helicobacter pylori was confirmed by Giemsa staining. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and confidence level in population were determined. Results: The prevalence of gastritis, ulcer and neoplasm were 62.5%, 19.5% and 18% respectively. 76.5% of patients showed signs of Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients with gastritis and neoplasm showed respectively the highest (78.4%) and lowest (69.5%) rate Helicobacter pylori infection. Conclusion: Due to high rate of Helicobacter pylori infection among gastric patients, it is suggested that gastric biopsies ought to be examined for Helicobacter pylori infection the effect of drug therapy should be determined.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {57-62}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-541-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-541-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Afzali, Hasan and Taghizadeh, Mohsen and Masoud, Sayed Ali},  
title = {Prevalence of anemia among first grade primary school students in Kashan, 1997}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to importance of anemia and since little information is available on the first grade students in the city of Kashan the present study was carried out in 1997. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on the first grade primary school students in the city of Kashan who had blood hemoglobin levels less than 11.5 g/dl, hematocrit lower than 34% and MCV lower than 80fL. Results: In this study, from 4577 first grade primary school students, 1731 (37.8%) on the basis of hemoglobin values, 1031 individuals (22.7%) on the basis of hematocrit and 1638 individuals (35.8%) on the basis of MCV values were considered as anemic. Conclusion: Due to high prevalence of anemia among the first grade primary school students, further study is needed to elucidate the causes and influencing factors and nutritional-educational programs are recommended.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {63-69}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-542-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-542-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Talebian, Ahmad and Toliyat, Sayed Mohammad Sadegh},  
title = {Positive familial convulsive attaches and fever among children}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Since convulsion is the most prevalent neurologic complication among children and genetic and familial factor influences and in order to determine positive family history with convulsion and fever, the present study was carried out on children referred to the department of pediatrics of Shaheed Beheshti hospital of Kashan in 1997. Materials and Methods: An analytical case-control study on 63 children with convulsion and fever (Case) and on 63 children with illnesses other than convulsion and fever was hospitalized in the same department (Control). Family history for convulsion and fever and without fever in both groups were recorded and statistical analysis was carried out and OR of positive family history and convulsion and fever was determined. Results: Three patients (4.6%) in control group and 15 patients from case group (23.8%) had positive family history of convulsion and fever (P<0.005). In the control group the positive familial background for convulsion without fever was observed in one individual (1.6) and in the case group was 10 patient (15.9%) (P<0.01). Positive familial background increases the change for convulsion with fever and without fever 6 and 11.3 times respectively. Conclusion: There is a relationship between positive familial background for convulsion and convulsion with fever among children. Therefore, this question ought to be asked from all children referred to hospital with fever. Further research is required for the elucidation underlying genetic causes of the disease.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {70-74}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-543-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-543-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {NaserAlavi, Sarv Sadat and Ghaseminejad, Amir Khosrow and Nikian, Yadollah},  
title = {Effect of 2% and 5% Lidocaine on the intraorbital pressure and local anesthesia among patients with Cataract}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: The age of patients with cataract is usually high and their cardiovascular and pulmonary problems, proper anesthesia and control of intraorbital pressure during surgery is of great importance. Since positive Lidocaine effect on different concentration (0.25 to 4%) have been reported on intraorbital pressure. In order to study the effect of 2 and 5% doses of Lidocaine on the intraorbital pressure and start of retrobullar blockage at Kerman Medical Center in 1997. Materials and Methods: A double blind experimental study was performed on 200 patients. Patients were divided into 2 groups (100 patients in each group) for 2% and 5% Lidocaine treatment and its effect on reduction of intraorbital pressure, commencement of anesthesia and its side effect on the eye of cataract patients were examined. Chi-square and T-test was performed. Results: 40% of patients in 2% Lidocaine and 44% patients in the 5% Lidocaine group were female with mean age of 65±8.6 years in the first group and 63.3±7.9 years in the second group respectively. 87% and 51% reduction of intraorbital pressure was recorded in 5% and 2% Lidocaine groups respectively (P<0.001). After three minutes 90% of the 5% Lidocaine group and 5% of 2% Lidocaine group anaesthetized (P<0.001). In 2% Lidocaine group 4 patients had ocular hematoma, which was absent in 5% Lidocaine group. Conclusion: 5% Lidocaine treatment is recommended for cataract patients.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {75-82}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-544-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-544-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Abbasian, Maryam and Nourian, Maji},  
title = {Iron deficiency anemia among 14-17 years old female students from Shahroud, 1997}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to the prevalence of the anemia in different part of the country and its well known side effects, especially in students and since little is known about epidemiologic features of the disease in Shahroud, the present study is conducted to determine the epidemiology of Iron deficiency anemia among 14-17 year old students in the city of Shahroud in 1997. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out on 520 students who were selected randomly. Personal records and family background were recorded and blood samples were taken. Hemoglobin levels under 12 g/dl was taken as indication of anemia. Iron and TIBC were performed on cases where hemoglobin and MCV were abnormality low. Prevalence of the disease confidence level for the population and factor that influence the prevalence were determined. Results: The rate of Iron deficiency anemia is 5.2% (4.2% in urban area, 7.9% in rural area). Mean hemoglobin levels among girls were 10.6±2 mg/dl. The rate of the disease decreases as age increases. Educational level of parents and type of the job that father hold affect the prevalence of the disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of Iron deficiency anemia among female students in the city of Shahroud is relatively low. Analytical study is required in order to determine the influence of parental educational levels and type of job they hold on the frequency of the illness.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {83-89}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-545-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-545-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Talari, Safar Ali and Sadr, Sayed Fakhroddin and Valaei, Naser and Dehghani, Rouhollah},  
title = {Glucantime effect on the blood Glucose levels and proteinuria of patients with cutaneous Leishmaniasis}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: Due to the prevalence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran and the fact that Glucantime treatment is an optional choice of remedy for the patients and due to discrepancies on the side effects of Glucantime on liver and kidney and in order to determine the effect of Glucantime on blood glucose and urine proteins of patients with cutaneous Leishmaniasis, the present study was carried out on patients referred to the Aran-Bidgol Central Laboratory in 1998. Materials and Methods: A clinical trial was performed in 3 steps before, during and after treatment. Informed consent was obtained from 50 patients. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis was confirmed by Giemsa staining, presence of Leishman alcohol and absence of proteinuria and blood glucose levels lower than 130 mg/dl. Personal records pertaining to age, sex, educational level and residence was gathered. Blood glucose was determined with autoanalyzer and the presence of protein in urine was detected by Biomeriux urine strip test. 50 mg/kg/day of Glucantime was injected to each patient and above-mentioned tests were taken again and after 10 and 21 days, blood sugar and urine protein were determined. Statistical analysis was performed on the data. Results: 70% of patients were males and 30% were female with mean age of 25±17 years. Proteinuria was 12% and 36% at 10 days after treatment and at the end of the study respectively. These results were significant (P<0.001). Proteinuria was observed in males more than females. However, educational levels and location of residency have no significant effect. Blood glucose levels decreased 21.2% after treatment by Glucantime (P<0.001). However, sex location of residency and educational levels did not have any significant difference. Conclusion: It is suggested that patient under going Glucantime treatment, should have their blood glucose and urine protein checked during different stages of therapy.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {90-95}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-546-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-546-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Masoud, Sayed Ali and Taghaddosi, Mohsen and Sharifi, Hossein and Afzali, Has},  
title = {Epidemiology of patients with Discopathy admitted to the Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan, 1992-94}, 
abstract ={History and Objectives: In light of high prevalence of the backache due to the discopathy and since the majority of the patients are from active individuals of the society and since patients are referred for different reasons and various anatomical complications and since little information is available about such patients in Kashan, the present research is carried out to determine the epidemiology of the patients with discopathy referred to the Shaheed Beheshti hospital of Kashan in 1992-1994. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried on the existing data on patient with discopathy diagnosis. Personal records, reason for referral, site of implication and type of treatment were extracted for patient’s files. Statistical analysis was carried out. Results: One hundred patients (61 males, 39 females) with mean age of 48±14.5 were included in the study. Discopathy was observed in 2 age groups (31-40 and 61-70). Mean age for male patients was lower than the female group (43.7 years for men and 48 for women). Female patients were mostly housewives and carpet weavers (61.6% and 38.4% respectively). Majority of male patients were laborer and with color workers (37.7% and 24.5% respectively). 72 patients and positive SLR, 47 achils reflex, 31 sensory differences and 2 patients with muscular atrophy. Five patients had esphangteric complication. 80% of patients had acute backache and radicular shaki and the rest had nonspecific pain. L4-L5 and L5-S1 were the most prevalent site of pain in females respectively (38.5% and 33.3%) and the prevalence of L4-L5 and L5-S1 among male patients were 55.7% and 36% respectively. Absolute rest and drug therapy were the treatment of choice for most patients. Conclusion: Discopathy among men are more prevalent than women (Almost 2 fold). L4-L5 and L5-S1 are the most prevalent site of complication. 4th and 6th decade of life is the most frequent age period and blue color and white color workers are most effect. Most backaches patient had acute pain. Further work on the causes and treatment of the illness is required},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {2},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {96-101}, 
publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences},
url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-547-en.html},  
eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-547-en.PDF},  
journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal},  
issn = {3060-5806}, 
eissn = {3060-5814}, 
year = {1999}  
}