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Showing 14 results for Emotion Regulation
Soheila Talee-Baktash , Hasan Yaghoubi , Rahim Yousefi,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Cognitive structures organize the thought and behavior of the person. When the deepest cognitive schemas are activated, people experience the high levels of emotions. It has been proved that emotion regulation plays an important role in adaptation to the stressful life events. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the early maladaptive schemas and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and healthy people. Materials and Methods: In this causal-comparative (ex-post facto) study, 60 OCD patients and 60 healthy people were selected by purposive sampling. Results: Results showed no significant difference between the early maladaptive schemas and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in OCD patients and healthy people OCD patients received the higher scores in early maladaptive schemas. Moreover, results indicated that OCD patients facing the negative life events use the cognitive emotion of regulation negative strategies, but healthy people use the cognitive emotion regulation positive strategies. No significant difference was seen between the males and females in using the early maladaptive schemas and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Conclusion: OCD patients have higher levels of early maladaptive schemas in facing the negative life events, they use the cognitive emotion regulation maladaptive and negative strategies.
Mohsen Kachooei, Alireza Moradi , Ameneh Sadat Kazemi , Zeynab Ghanbari,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background: Apart from important role of unhealthy eating patterns on eating-related problems (i.e. obesity and eating disorders), the underlying processes of such eating patterns are not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the role of emotion regulation and impulsivity in unhealthy eating patterns.
Materials and Methods: In this study which was carried out with a correlation method, the adult female (no=347) from Tehran completed the self-reported inventories. Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ), difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS), and Barratt impulsivity scale (BIS-11) were used as measuring tools. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlational analysis and multiple regression analysis.
Results: The relationship between restrained eating and emotion regulation was significant (P<0.01). Emotion regulation predicted the engagement in restrained eating. There were a significant relationship between emotional eating and emotion regulation (P<0.01) and impulsivity (P<0.01). Emotion regulation and impulsivity predicted the engagement in emotional eating. In addition, the relationship between external eating and emotion regulation was significant (P<0.05). Emotion regulation can predict the engagement in external eating.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of emotion regulation as a key risk factor in unhealthy eating patterns. Moreover, the restrictive eating patterns and binge eating patterns differ each other in terms of impulsivity. Treatment interventions must address the emotion regulation and include the strategies to cope with impulsivity.
Zahra Zanjani, Masumeh Moghbeli Hanzaii, Hamid Mohsenabadi,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background: Cell phone plays an essential role in communications throughout the world. This question has been raised whether the over use of the cell-phone could lead to addiction. Addiction to cell phone use is characterized by the overuse and preoccupation with the mobile phone. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of depression, distress tolerance and difficulty in emotional regulation with addiction to cell-phone use in students of Kashan University.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical-descriptive study, 200 students of Kashan University in the academic year 2016-2017 were selected by the cluster sampling method. The research tools included the cell-phone over-use scale (COS, 2007(, Beck depression inventory (BDI), difficulty in emotion regulation scale (DERS), and distress tolerance scale (DTS).
Results: The results of the regression analysis showed that depression, distress tolerance and difficulty in emotional regulation explained more than 33% of the changes in addiction to cell-phone use. Also, there was a significant correlation between depression and addiction to cell-phone use (r=0.22, P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant correlation between distress tolerance (r=-0.47, P<0.05) and difficulty in emotion regulation (r=0.50, P<0.05) with cell-phone addiction in Kashan University students.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, addiction to cell-phone use can be predicted by three variables of depression, distress tolerance, and difficulty in emotion regulation. The difficulty in emotion regulation played a stronger role in this prediction.
Behrooz Afshari, Abdollah Omidi, Mojtaba Sehat,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background: Bipolar disorder is a debilitating mental disorder characterized by recurrent depression, manic, and hypomanic episodes. In recent studies, effect of dialectical behavior therapy on emotion regulation and mindfulness in bipolar disorder has been less addressed. This study aimed to determine the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on emotion regulation and mindfulness in bipolar disorder.
Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with bipolar disorder participated in the present study. They were randomly divided into intervention (dialectical behavior therapy combination with medication) and control (only medication) groups. Questionnaires and tasks were used at baseline, 12 weeks after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention. Participants in the intervention group received twelve 90-min sessions standard dialectical behavior therapy for bipolar disorder. Data were analyzed by repeated measure to compare the groups.
Results: According to the results of this study, the intervention group, after 3 months intervention and 3 months follow-up had a lower score in mania and depression, but this deduction was insignificant. Also, the intervention group, after 3 months intervention and 3 months follow-up had a higher score in emotion regulation (F=3.52, P<0.001) and mindfulness (F=2.47, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy along with medication can be effective for bipolar patients and can improve their performance in emotion regulation and mindfulness.
Samiyeh Siahpoosh, Tahereh Golestanibakht,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background: Divorce, is the cause of family breakdown that has many consequences for individuals and can be the source of many psychological and social injuries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on psychological, flexibility and emotional regulation in divorced women.
Materials and Methods: This is a semi-experimental research with mixed-method design and a two-month follow-up, among divorced women referred to counseling centers in Tehran, 38 participants were selected through purposed sampling. Participants entering the research process, were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups through Excel Office software. ACT treatment was given to the experimental group for eight weekly two-hour sessions. The data of this study were collected through emotion regulation and acceptance and action questionnaire in three time periods with use of SPSS (ver: 22) software; analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance.
Results: Acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on the psychological flexibility (P<0.001) indexes and all six components of emotional regulation, including: non-acceptance of emotional responses, difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity (P<0.001). Besides, the results were also stable until the two-month follow-up (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to this study, ACT therapy can be used to treat and increase the psychological flexibility and emotion regulation of divorced women.
Rasti Emamirad, Zahra Zanjani, Sara Hosseinpoor, Sanaz Joekar,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (8-2021)
Abstract
Background: Self-Harm refers to the deliberate behaviors which people take to harm themselves without suicidal ideation. This study aimed to compare emotional schemas and emotion regulation difficulties between students with and without self-harm behaviors.
Materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, 442 people from students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences during 2020, were selected by convenience sampling. Based on the cut-point of DSHI, 52% (90) participants were placed in the group of people with self-harm behaviors and 48% (83) in the control group. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, deliberate self-harm inventory (DSHI), and Leahy's emotional schema scale (LESS) and difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS). Data were analyzed by SPSS version of 26th edition, and 0.05 was selected as a P-value. Due to the non-normal distribution of data, the Uman-Whitney test was used.
Results: According to results, defective schemas are more common among students having self-harm behaviors. In students with self-harm behavior, the simplistic view of emotion, rumination, guilt, control, blame, and emotional self-awareness schemas are more common compared to the students without these behaviors. In contrast, the students with self-harm behaviors exhibited less acceptance of feeling, consensus, and validity-by-others schemas than students without self-harm behaviors (P<0.01). Also, they had more difficulties in all areas of emotion regulation except emotional awareness than those who didn't have self-harm behaviors (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Maladaptive emotional schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation were more among people with self-harm behaviors, therefor, improving emotion regulation skills can prevent such behaviors in individuals.
Ebrahim Balandeh, Zahra Zanjani, Golamabas Mousavi, Amir Hossein Mohammadi, Abdollah Omidi,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Psychiatric comorbidity studies on substance use disorder (SUD) show that it is associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between ADHD and SUDs, less attention has been dedicated their relationships and general psychopathology in dual disorder patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotion regulation and consumption temptation among SUD patients with ADHD symptoms and those without it.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study. The sample consisted of 36 people with co-morbid substance abuse with ADHD symptoms and 35 patients with substance abuse disorder who were purposefully selected. Research tools included Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-V), Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS), and Beck Temptation Questionnaire (CBQ). Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 26 using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: The results showed that the mean scores of temptation was significantly higher in people with comorbid SUD with ADHD symptoms (P<0.001). The results of Mann-Whitney test showed that the mean scores of emotion regulation in people with comorbid SUD with ADHD symptoms were higher (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Considering that the temptation to consume and regulate emotion in people with comorbid substance abuse disorder with ADHD symptoms is much higher than those suffering from SUD alone, it seems that the role of comorbid disorders in the mentioned population is of considerable importance.
Farnaz Kiaeian-Mousavi, Abdollah Mafakheri, Ali Mohammadzadeh,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most important psychological problems in society that reduces its health. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy with behavioral activation therapy on learned helplessness and cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with depressive symptoms.
Materials and Methods: The present research was a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population of the study included all people with depression in Babol who referred to psychotherapy clinics in 2021. Forty-five subjects who scored above-average on the Beck Depression Inventory were randomly selected and randomly assigned to three groups of 15 responding to the Garnfsky Emotion Cognitive Regulation and Queens and Nelson Learned Helplessness Questionnaire. Analysis of covariance and Benferoni test using SPSS-23 software were used to analyze the results.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the effect of two methods of behavioral methodology and behavioral activation on learned helplessness (P<0.277) and cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.188). Similarly, they affect learned helplessness and cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral therapy and behavioral activation therapy can be used to reduce learned helplessness and emotion regulation in patients with depression.
Zahra Pourkamali, Zahra Zanjani, Abdollah Omidi, Sanaz Joekar,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have focused on the regulation of emotion and psychological resilience among adolescents, but there is a research gap on the regulation of emotion and psychological resilience among adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders and normal adolescents. This study aimed to compare emotion regulation and psychological flexibility in female adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders and normal female adolescents.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the sample consisted of two groups of 70 female students with internalized behavioral disorders and 70 normal female students from schools in Yazd who were purposefully selected. Research instruments included Behavioral Inventory Questionnaire (CBCL), Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (AFQ-Y8) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ-CA). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and independent t-test.
Results: According to the findings, the mean of reassessment, repression and psychological resilience in adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders were 20.88, 14.38, 16.55, respectively, and those without the disorder were 6.78, 19.25, 9.25, and 6.22. The results also showed that the variables of repression (t=-6.13) and psychological resilience (t=-10.61) were significantly different between the two groups with internalized behavioral disorders and normal individuals (P<0.001). But there was no significant difference between the two groups in re-evaluation.
Conclusion: It seems that adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders to avoid accepting and managing their emotion properly by suppressing them compared to normal people. Therefore, promoting psychological flexibility can affect their ability to cope and manage their emotions.
Akram Sadat Kamal, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh, Qasem Ahi,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background: emotional experiences at the wrong time and in the wrong place with unreasonable intensity and scope can become the basis for the emergence and continuation of psychological damage, especially anxiety. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the combined intervention of dialectical behavior therapy and schema therapy in the recovery of patients with emotional disorders and anxiety.
Materials and Methods: The current research was case study type. Three participants were selected by purposive sampling and based on obtaining a score of 15 and above in the anxiety scale (Lavibond questionnaire) and schema (Young questionnaire) and a score higher than the average score (Gertz and Romer's emotion regulation questionnaire). Selected and participated in 28 sessions of 60 minutes. Data analysis was done through visual analysis, graph drawing, percentage of overlapping and non-overlapping data, and in order to determine the clinical significance, percentage improvement index and effect size were used.
Results: The research findings showed that dialectical behavior therapy and schema therapy was effective in regulating emotion and reducing anxiety.
Conclusion: Interpersonal schemas are caused people lose the necessary cognitive resources to calm themselves down and despite learning relaxing skills, they still cannot reduce their anxiety and confusion on their own. It seems that a combined of dialectic and schema therapy is an effective way to regulate emotions and reduce anxiety.
Seyfullah Aghajani, Miss Matineh Ebadi, Ali Kermani, Sajjad Ghobadzadeh,
Volume 26, Issue 6 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background: obesity in adolescents has become a serious public health concern that will lead to many risk factors; therefore, this study was performed to study a causal model of food cravings based on cognitive self-awareness mediated by positive behavioral emotion regulation in obese students in Mashhad.
Materials and Methods: The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study was all middle and high school male students in Mashhad during the academic year 2021-2022 and 320 subjects were selected by cluster sampling. The Food Cravings Questionnaire of Cepeda-Benito et al., the Metacognitive Beliefs Questionnaire of Wells & Cartwright-Hatton, and the Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of Garnefski and kraaj were used to collect data. The collected data were also analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and structural equations by Lisrel 8.8 software.
Results: The results showed that the causal model of the relationship between cognitive self-awareness, behavioral emotion regulation, and food cravings in students with obesity was confirmed based on various fit indices (P<0.05), Overall, cognitive self-awareness positive behavioral emotion regulation predicted 53% of the variance food cravings in obese students.
Conclusion: Therefore, according to the results, it is suggested that the Education and Welfare Organization implement cognitive skills and emotion regulation training by counselors and psychologists in planning and life skills classes for students.
Ali Aghaziarati, Mohammad Ashori, Ghasem Norouzi, Daniel P Hallahan,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of mindful parenting on the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation in mothers of children with hearing loss.
Materials and Methods: The present research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design. The statistical population included all mothers of children with hearing loss aged 4 to 6 years in Tehran in 2021, who were selected by a simple random method from deaf and hearing loss centers and associations. The sample size was 30 people who were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and each group had 15 people. The experimental group participated in ten 90-minute sessions, 3 sessions a week, in the mindfulness parenting training program, while the control group did not participate in this program. The research instruments included the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Garnefski and et al., 2009) and the behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (Kraaij and Garnefski, 2019). Subjects were evaluated using these questionnaires in pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: The results showed that the mindful parenting program had a significant effect on the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation in mothers of children with hearing loss (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the conscious parenting program improves the cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation in mothers of children with hearing loss.
Maryam Jandaghian, Abdullah Omidi, Zahra Zanjani, Hamidreza Gilasi,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Teenage obesity is so important issue in health as it is a defining indicator of obesity in adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a dialectical behavioral therapy on emotion regulation, impulsivity and body mass index (BMI) in obese or overweight teenage girls.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a randomized clinical trial with pretest-posttest and control group. The study population included overweight and obese girl students (n=40) aged 13-15 years in Kashan, Iran, in the academic year of 2018-2019. The students were selected through target-based sampling, and randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Participants completed emotion regulation and impulsivity questionnaires and their BMI was assessed. The intervention group underwent the dialectical behavior therapy, while the control group received no treatment.
Results: Dialectical behavior therapy significantly reduced the mean scores of difficulties in emotion regulation (F=7.36, P<0.01) and BMI (F=9.15, P<0.001) compared to the control group. However, the mean score of impulsivity in the treatment group did not decrease significantly (F=1.52, P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the current findings, the dialectical behavior therapy can be considered as an effective therapeutic approach to reduce the difficulty in emotion regulation and BMI in obese or overweight teenagers.
Nasrin Shiri, Morad Rasouli-Azad, Jila Hasani,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental health condition characterized by repetitive thoughts and behaviors. This study aimed to assess the impact of emotion regulation therapy on the severity of obsessive symptoms, disgust propensity, and cognitive-executive functions in patients with OCD.
Methods: This clinical trial included two groups: an experimental group receiving emotion regulation therapy in addition to medication, and a control group receiving only medication. A total of 48 patients with OCD were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to each group (24 individuals per group). Assessment tools included the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Disgust Propensity Scale, Iowa Task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, and Stroop Color-Word Task. The experimental group received the emotion regulation therapy along with medication while the control group just received medication.
Results: Following the intervention, the experimental group exhibited a significant decrease in obsessive symptoms severity, and disgust propensity compared to the control group. Additionally, the experimental group demonstrated enhanced cognitive-executive functions (reduced risk-taking behavior, improved inhibition, greater psychological flexibility, and enhanced problem-solving abilities) than the control group.
Conclusion: Emotion regulation therapy was found to effectively reduce obsessive symptoms severity, disgust propensity, and improve cognitive-executive functions in patients with OCD.
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