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Showing 4 results for Adjustment
Asghar Akbari, Hossein Karimi, Anoushirvan Kazemnezhad, Mogde Ghabaii,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2006)
Abstract
Background: Hemiparesis is the most common cause of disability after stroke. The role of concentric exercises has not been recognized in anticipatory postural adjustment due to controversy on the effects of these exercises on upper motor neuron lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine feed forward responses disturbances of postural control mechanism and the effects of concentric exercises of involved lower-extremity muscles on the treatment of these impairments in hemiparetic patients of Kahrizak Charity Foundation in 2003. Methods and Materials: Thirty four secondary hemiparetic patients to stroke were participated in this clinical trial. All patients were screened to ensure that their time since onset of stroke was at least 12 months. Patients were assigned randomly to either an experimental group or a control one. The isometric strength (kg) of seven muscle groups was measured with a hand-held dynamometer. Feed forward responses (ordinal scale) were assessed using Functional Reach Test (FRT) before and after 12 sessions of intervention. All patients were assessed by two raters who were blinded group allocation. The experimental group received strengthening exercises in addition to functional and balance exercises. The control group received only functional and balance exercises. Independent and paired t-tests, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the pretreatment and post-treatment results. Results : The mean age of experimental group and control group was 49.3 ± 7.1 and 55.5 ± 3, respectively. In parallel feet position, anticipatory postural adjustments increased only in the experimental group, significantly from 1.29±0.2 to 2.9±0.17 after intervention (P<0.0001). In this position, the comparison of post-treatment results showed that mean of anticipatory postural adjustments in experimental group (2.9±0.17) was higher that in control that in (1.18±0.18) (P<0.0001). A significant improvement (P<0.0001) was seen in the experimental (1.59±0.21) compared to control group (0.12±0.08) with respect to mean difference of FRT. All muscular groups strength was correlated significantly with the FRT scores in tandem (r=0.483-0.726) and parallel (r=0.401-0.645) feet position. Conclusion: The results of this study support the effectiveness of muscle strength training of involved lower extremity to improve feed forward responses of postural control mechanism for anticipatory postural adjustment in hemiparetic patients in the chronic stage of rehabilitation following stroke. The results also are in support of using the involved lower extremity muscle strength to evaluate postural anticipatory control.
Masoumeh Hosseinian, Robabeh Noury, Maryam Moghadasin, Sophia Esalatmanesh,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of cigarette and water-pipe smoking is gradually increasing among the students in Iran. Considering the psychosocial consequences of smoking, this study aimed at examining the mediating role of mental health and motives to drug abuse in the relationship between adjustment to university and cigarette and water-pipe smoking among students.
Materials and Methods: This correlational study with a structural equation modeling approach was conducted on 634 students selected from Kashan universities by cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ), Substance Use Motives questionnaires, Young Risk Behavior Scale (YRBS), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).
Results: The study model had good fit indices (X2=1.42, DF=5, P=0.92, AGFI=0.99, CFI=0.99, NFI=0.99, GFI=0.99, RMSE=0.019).The results of the study showed that there was a reverse and meaningful relationship between individual-emotional adjustment and attachment to university with mental health and substance use motives (P<0.05). Moreover, there was a direct and meaningful relationship between mental health and substance use motives with cigarette use and also between substance use motives and water-pipe use.
Conclusion: Findings show decrease in the two dimensions of adjustment to university and individual-emotional adjustment, which can lead to mental health problems. Coping motives for cigarette smoking and enhancement motives for water-pipe smoking may increase the probability of cigarette and water pipe smoking in students. Implementing different smoking prevention programs and screening the students' mental health, especially students with mental disorders, are recommended.
Mohammad Barzgar, Masoud Bagheri, Farzaneh Khosropoor,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Personality disorders and defense styles are influential factors in marital adjustment. This study aimed to predict marital adjustment through borderline personality traits with the mediating role of defense styles.
Materials and Methods: The research design was path analysis. The statistical population was married people aged 30 to 40 years who referred to family counseling centers and family courts of Rafsanjan in the spring and summer of 1398. 200 individuals were selected from the statistical population by available sampling method. Then they were given the Leichsenring Personality Traits Questionnaire (1999), the Spanier Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (1979), and the Andrews, Singh, and Bond (1993) Defense Styles Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by path analyzing method, ANOVA, correlation coefficient and regression.
Results: The results showed that borderline personality traits have a direct, negative and significant relationship with marital adjustment (β=-0.384, P<0.01) and a direct, positive and significant relationship with defense styles (β=0.242, P<0.01). Also, defense styles had a direct, negative and significant relationship with marital adjustment (β=-0.389, P<0.01). The results of Sobel test showed that defense styles are mediators between borderline personality traits and marital adjustment (Z-Value =-1.980, P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of defense styles in marital mutual understanding and adaptation of couples along with their personality traits.
Mohammad Reza Tamannaeifar, Azam Mansourinik, Ezat Golestani,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the first cause of cancer-related death among them. In the survivors of this cancer, several factors play a role in adapting to the disease. Therefore, the present study investigated the mediating role of self-compassion and psychological resilience in the relationship between body image and adjustment in breast cancer patients.
Materials and Methods: The method of the current study was structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women with breast cancer undergoing treatment at Ayatollah Yathrabi Hospital in Kashan, Iran, in 2022. A total of 202 patients were selected using the convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Body Image Scale, Self-compassion Scale-short form, Resilience Scale-short form and Psychosocial adjustment to illness scale. Then, the data were analyzed by AMOS 24.
Results: The results of direct paths showed that the effect of body image on self-compassion and psychological resilience was significant (P<0.01). Moreover, the effect of self-compassion and psychological resilience on psychosocial adjustment to the disease was significant (P<0.05). The results of Indirect paths indicated that self-compassion and psychological resilience completely mediated the relationship between body image and psychosocial adjustment to the disease (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The self-compassion and resilience can be useful for increasing the psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer survivors. Future studies in more diverse samples are needed to confirm the causal direction of these relationships and extend the findings.
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