History and Objectives: During Iraq-imposed war against Iran, various chemical wares were used. The short-term and intermediate effect of such agents has been previously reported. Considering various reports on the effect of mustard gas in chemically injured soldiers and in order to follow up its effect on hematological parameters, this study was conducted on war-injured soldiers in Guilan province during the years 1998-1999.

Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 102 chemically injured soldiers (case group) and 102 normal soldiers without facing any chemical attack (Control group). Blood specimens were analyzed regarding number of red and white blood cells, platelets and monocytes using SE RONNO 9010 and data were evaluated statistically.

Results: This study was performed on 204 individuals in two equal groups. Case group had a history of chemical injury equal to 10.7±2.3 years. Number of RBC, WBC, multinuclear cells and monocytes in control group was 4.6±0.39, 6858±1238 and 3702±952 and 96±14. There was a similar count for eosinophils in both groups. In addition, MCV and MCH were greater in control group (19.6%) compared to case group (6.9) (P<0.02).

Conclusion and Recommendations: In spite of a 10-year duration after war, there existed chemical-related complications. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out more studies in this field.