1. Epidemic Update. UNAIDS Report on the global AIDS epidemic; 2010. Chapter2.Available at: http://www.unaids.org/documents/ 20101123_GlobalR eport_Chap2_em.pdf 2. Clavel F, Hance AJ. HIV drug resistance. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(10): 1023-35. 3. Johnson VA, Brun-Vezinet F, Clotet B, Gunthard HF, Kuritzkes DR, Pillay D, et al. Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1. Top HIV Med 2009; 17(5): 138-45. 4. Kozal MJ, Hullsiek KH, Macarthur RD, Berg-Wolf Mv, Peng G, Xiang Y, et al. The Incidence of HIV drug resistance and its impact on progression of HIV disease among antiretroviral-naïve participants started on three different antiretroviral therapy strategies. HIV Clin Trials 2007; 8(6): 357-70. 5. Mahdavi M, Ebtekar M, Azadmanesh K, Khorramkhorshid HR, Rahbarizadeh F, Yazdi MH, et al. HIV-1 Gag p24-Nef fusion peptide induces cellular and humoral immune response in a mouse model. Acta Virol 2010; 54(2): 131-6. 6. Terwilliger E, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Haseltine WA. Effects of mutations within the 3' orf open reading frame region of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) on replication and cytopathogenicity. J Virol 1986; 60(2): 754-60. 7. Luciw PA, Cheng-Mayer C, Levy JA. Mutational analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus: the orf-B region down-regulates virus replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987; 84(5): 1434–38. 8. Kestler HW, Ringler DJ, Mori K, Panicali DL, Sehgal PK, Daniel MD, et al. Importance of the nef gene for maintenance of high virus loads and for development of AIDS. Cell 1991; 65(4): 651-62. 9. Cullen BR. HIV-1 auxiliary proteins: making connections in a dying cell. Cell 1998; 93(5): 685-92. 10. Skowronski J, Parks D, Mariani R. Altered T cell activation and development in transgenic mice expressing the HIV-1 nef gene. EMBO J 1993; 12(2): 703-13. 11. Bell I, Schaefer TM, Trible RP, Amedee A, Reinhart TA. Down-modulation of the costimulatory molecule, CD28, is a conserved activity of multiple SIV Nefs and is dependent on histidine 196 of Nef. Virology 2001; 283(1): 148-58. 12. Simpson RJ. Zinc/Imidazole procedure for visualization of proteins in gels by negative staining. CSH protocols 2007. 13. Swigut T, Shohdy N, Skowronski J. Mechanism for downregulation of CD28 by Nef. EMBO J 2001; 20(7): 1593-604. 14. Pamer E, Cresswell P. Mechanisms of MHC class I restricted antigen processing. Annu Rev Immunol 1998; 16: 323-58. 15. Stumptner-Cuvelette P, Morchoisne S, Dugast M, Le Gall S, Raposo G, Schwartz O, Benaroch P. HIV-1 Nef impairs MHC class II antigen presentation and surface expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98(21): 12144-9. 16. Stumptner-Cuvelette P, Jouve M, Helft J, Dugast M, Glouzman AS, Jooss K, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus-1 Nef expression induces intracellular accumulation of multivesicular bodies and major histocompatibility complex class II complexes: potential role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Mol Biol Cell 2003; 14(12): 4857-70. 17. Schindler M, Wurfl S, Benaroch P, Greenough TC, Daniels R, Easterbrook P, et al. Down-modulation of mature major histocompatibility complex class II and up-regulation of invariant chain cell surface expression are well-conserved functions of human and simian immunodeficiency virus nef alleles. J Virol 2003; 77(19): 10548-56. 18. Sodoyer R. Expression systems for the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals. Biodrugs 2004; 18(1): 51-62. 19. Geyer M, Peterlin BM. Domain assembly, surface accessibility and sequence conservation in full length HIV-1 Nef. FEBS Lett 2001; 496(2-3): 91-5. 20. Arold ST, Baur AS. Dynamic Nef and Nef dynamics: how structure could explain the complex activities of this small HIV protein. Trends Biochem Sci 2001; 26(6): 356-63. 21. Geyer M, Munte CE, Schorr J, Kellner R, Kalbitzer HR. Structure of the AnchorDomain of Myristoylated and Non-myristoylated HIV-1 Nef Protein. J Mol Biol 1999; 289(1): 123-38. 22. Watkins DI. The hope for an HIV vaccine based on induction of CD8+ T lymphocytes: A review. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 103(2): 119-29. 23. Cristillo AD, Wang S, Caskey MS, Unangst T, Hocker L, He L, et al. Preclinical evaluation of cellular immune responses elicited by a polyvalent DNA prime/protein boost HIV-1 vaccine. Virology 2006; 346(1): 151-68. 24. Moyle PM , Toth I. Modern subunit vaccines: development, components, and research opportunities. Chem Med Chem 2013; 8(3): 360-76. 25. Gillespie AS, Elliott E. Comparative advantages of imidazole–sodium dodecyl sulfate-zinc reverse staining in polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 2005; 345(1): 158-60.
|