Background: Most studies have shown that prolonged and intense exercise can result in oxidative damage to cells by producing reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, which can lead to chronic fatigue and inflammation and consequently decrease athletic performance. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of omega-3 supplements on inflammation caused by maximal aerobic exercise in active young females.

Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 30 female students were selected from faculty of physical education and sport sciences of Bu Ali Sina University in Hamedan city, Iran, after completing the consent and health forms and allocated into two groups (15 students each): the omega-3 and placebo. The supplement group received 3 capsules of omega-3 fatty acids (3000 mg) daily and the placebo group consumed 3 capsules of soybean oil daily for 2 weeks. The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) serum levels were measured before and after supplementation and immediately after exercise until exhaustion.

Results: The results of the repeated measurements showed that the serum PGE2 levels, at rest and after intense exercise were reduced in the omega-3 group and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P&le0.001).

Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the omega-3 supplementation may be useful to prevent decreased athletic performance induced by inflammatory PGE2 effects in aerobic intense activity.