Background: Working memory impairment is one of the most important cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients that affect the quality of life even in the early stages of the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the working memory and the quality of life in MS patients.

Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 35 (case) and 28 healthy (control) participants. Working memory and quality of life were assessed using Wechsler adult intelligence scale and the MS quality of life 54 (MSQOL-54) inventory, respectively.

Results: Results showed a significant difference between the two groups in the means of working memory in both auditory (P<0.001) and visual span (P<0.0001) as well as physical quality of life (P<0.04). Moreover, logistic regression analysis showed that MS disease had an impact on both physical (OR= .679 and CI= .889-.519) and mental (OR= .929 and CI= .857-.998) components of the quality of life.

Conclusion: Findings of the study indicate that cognition is an effective factor to engage in activities of daily living. Moreover, the relation between the working memory impairment and the quality of life in MS patients highlights the importance of the early recognition of cognitive deficit.