29 1029-7855 Kashan University of Medical Sciences 3221 General Effect of physical activity and 217-Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic field on rat locomotor activity Zeidabadi Rasol b Arab-Ameri Elaheh c Naghdi Naser d Bolouri Bahram e b Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Hakim Sabzevari, Sabzevar, I. R. Iran. c Faculty of Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran d Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran e Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical, Tehran 1 1 2017 20 6 483 494 01 01 2017 01 01 2017 Background: Nowadays the widespread use of cell phones has increased concerns about the biological effects of electromagnetic fields on human body. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of physical activity in moderating the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) emitted from cell phones on rat locomotor activity. Material and Methods: Male Albino-Wistar rats (no=70) were divided into seven groups: Short and Long- term physical activity; Control, ELF-EMF; Sham; Long-term physical activity+ELF-EMF; Short-term physical activity+ELF-EMF. Short and Long- term physical activity groups were forced to daily treadmill running (30 minutes) for one week and one month, respectively. ELF-EMF group was exposed to ELF-EMF cell phone simulator for three hours during the period. Having placed in the ELF-EMF simulator device, the physical activity+ELF-EMF groups were transferred to treadmill. Locomotor activity were analyzed as distance, time and speed of movement in open field apparatus. Results: The results showed that the ELF-EMF from cell phones can significantly decrease the locomotor activity in the exposed rats. On the other hand, short and long-term physical activity significantly increased motor activity in the trained rats (P≤0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the combination groups (Physical activity+ELF-EMF) and ELF group in locomotor activity. Conclusion: The results revealed that the physical activity could not prevent the decrease of locomotor activity caused by ELF-EMF from cell phone.
3222 General Effects of noise stress on serum level of cortisol and anxiety in male rats Ahmadi Rahim f Tavakoli Parisa g Tavakoli Ozra h f Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, I. R. Iran. g Young Researchers Elites Club, Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Eslamshahr Branch, Eslamshahr, I. R. Iran. h Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Mallard Branch, Tehran, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 495 500 01 01 2017 01 01 2017 Background: Studies show that there is an association between noise pollution and psychological/physical diseases. The main aim of this study was to determine the effects of noise stress on serum level of cortisol and changes of anxiety level in male rats. Materials and Method: In our study male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, exposed (noise stress for 1h, 3h, and 6h/day) groups. After 8 weeks, blood samples were obtained using cardiac puncture and after serum preparation, cortisol level was measured using ELISA. In addition for the evaluation of anxiety elevated plus maze was used in the last week of the experiment. Results: The results indicated an increased serum cortisol level in rats exposed to noise stress for 1h,3 h/day compared to control (P<0.05). However serum cortisol level of in rats exposed to noise stress for 6 h/day showed no significant difference. In addition, the results of the elevated plus maze showed that percentage of time spent in open arms was significantly decreased in all experimental groups compared to control (P<0.001). Moreover, a significant  decrease in the percentage number of entries into open arms compared to the control was observed in all experimental groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: Our findings show that exposure to noise stress can reduce the adrenal cortex function which is proportionally related to enhanced anxiety level. 3223 General Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on insulin resistance genes in granulosa cells of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome Heidari Akbar i Nouri Mohammad j Sadaghiani Mahzad k Aghadavod Esmat l i Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. Iran. j Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I. R. Iran. k Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I. R. Iran. l Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 501 508 01 01 2017 01 01 2017 Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) often induces reduced ovulation, infertility and insulin resistance. One of the most influential inducer factors in disease is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, which has a variety of physiological functions. PPARγ agonists are used for the treatment of insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS patients. Fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and their metabolites are natural ligands for PPARγ and a good option for regulation of PPARγ gene expression. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 30 women with PCOS referred to the Tabriz-Alzahra fertility center for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Granulosa cells collected from follicular fluid of these individuals were cultured in vitro. Gene expression of PPARγ, insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 were examined on cultured granulosa cells in culture medium and EPA–mediated culture media. Results: The PPARγ gene expression was increased in EPA-treated medium with a maximum expression at a concentration of 100 mmol in 48 hours. On this basis, increment of PPARγ expression lead to the increased gene expression involved in the steroidogenesis, (i.e. IGF-1). However, the exptression of both genes were decreased in PCOS and the control medium. Conclusion: In this study, we observed that different concentrations of EPA increased PPARγ gene expression. 3224 General Effect of cyclic intravenous Iloprost therapy in patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Artery Hypertension MalekMohammad Majid m Sharif-Kashani Babak n Monjazebi Fatemeh o Khosravi Katayon p m Tracheal Disease Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran. n Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran. o Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran. p Bonab General Hospital, Eastern Azarbayjan, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 509 517 01 01 2017 01 01 2017 Background: Prostacyclin have positive effects in improving the cardiopulmonary variables, signs and the hemodynamics of cases with a  idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH).The objective of this study was to determine the benefits of intermittent intravenous Iloprost infusion on IPAH cases. Material and Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on IPAH cases (no=20) at Massih Daneshvari Hospital (2011-2013), treated with cyclic intravenous Iloprost. The   treatment consisted of a 6 hours/day Iloprost infusion for three consecutive days. Every 6 weeks the infusion was repeated again with a velocity of 0.5-2.0 ng/kg/min. Before, during and after the completion of functional class, six-minute walk test (6MWD), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), right ventricular pressure (RVP), and plasma NT-ProBNP level were measured. Result: At follow-up, NYHA score, PAP, RVP, NT-ProBNP and PASP were significantly decreased (P<0.001), while the distance walked in 6MWD was significantly increased. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cyclic intravenous Iloprost might improve the NYHA score, PAP, RVP and can provide a protection against the development or worsening of PAH in patients with IPAH. 3225 General Association between serum lactate and postoperative outcomes following coronary artery bypass graft surgery Hasanshiri Fatemeh Pourabbasi Mohammad Sadegh Mousavi Seyyed Gholam Abbas Fatahi Mojdeh Kianfar Amir Abbas Seyedi Hamid Reza Mirhoseini Fakhrosadat Mahdian Mehrdad Shahid-Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. Department of Heart, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran. Anesthesiologist, Fellowship of Cardiac Anesthesia, Center of Children, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran. Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Para Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Para Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 518 524 02 01 2017 02 01 2017 Background: Increased serum lactate during cardio-pulmonary bypass is associated with high mortality and cardiac complications up to 10-20 percent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serum lactate increase on postoperative outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) Surgery. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on cases (no=116) undergoing CABG at Beheshti hospital in Kashan between 2013-2014. Demographic data, variables related to surgery, serum lactate level and the time of tracheal extubation, length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital post-surgery left ventricular ejection fraction were collected. These data was compared in two groups: Normal serum lactate (< 2 m molliter) and Hyperlactatemia (> 2 m molliter) group. Results: The postoperative hyperlactatemia was observed in 62.1 % of patients. There were no significant differences between two groups in time of tracheal extubation, length of stay in ICU and hospital. There was a relationship between the mean postoperative serum lactate and blood sugar, bicarbonate, pH, length of cardiopulmonary bypass and the aortic cross clamping time. There was a significant relationship between the serum lactate increment and the left ventricular ejection fraction decrement. Conclusion: Hyperlactatemia is probably associated with such important factors as high blood sugar, longer duration of aortic cross clamp and cardio-pulmonary bypass time. So controlling such factors can reduce the rate of hyperlactatemia and help postoperative recovery. 3226 General Phenotypic evaluation of biofilm producing ability in Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus Moori-Bakhtiari Naghmeh Moslemi Maryam Department of Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, I. R. Iran. Student of Veterinary Medicine School of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 525 531 02 01 2017 02 01 2017 Background: Like genomic changes, the ability for biofilm production is considered as one of the antibiotic resistant factors in bacteria which can cause recurrent infections.  The infection resulted from Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is the most common form of such complications manifested as recurrent infections. The aim of this study was to investigate biofilm production ability among isolated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients with different types of clinical infection. Material and Methods: Fifty Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from different specimens and identified by biochemical and species-specific PCR tests. Methicillin- resistance specificity of isolates was confirmed by disk diffusion method and mecA gene presence; the biofilm- forming ability was evaluated by crystal violet microtiter plate assay and Congo red agar (CRA). Results: Using turbidimetry with no acetic acid, the ability for biofim production was seen at 550 and 492 nm in 34 (68%) and 28 isolates (56%), respectively. In both methods, the most of isolates were weak biofilm producers. In CRA, 94% of isolates were biofilm producers which most (72.3%) of them were moderate producers. Conclusions: While with the consideration of three studied methods high percentages of isolates were biofilm producers and despite the significant correlation seen between their results, there was a higher correlation coefficient between the results obtained from crystalviolet-treated microtiter plates with two reading methods. 3227 General Prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance and ant(2”)-I gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound specimens in Yazd Zarei-Yazdeli Mohadeseh Eslami Gilda Mirsafaei Hajar Zandi Hengameh Shokohi Far Marziyeh Kiani Masoumeh Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I. R. Iran. Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd, I. R. Iran. Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I. R. Iran. Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd, I. R. Iran. Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I. R. Iran. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 532 538 02 01 2017 02 01 2017 Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causative agents among the hospital acquired infections, especially in ICU and burn units. Enzymatic inactivation of aminoglycosides by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes is the main mechanism of resistance to these antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of this study was to study the aminoglycoside resistance and ant (2”)-I in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn specimens in Yazd, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (no=73) during July 2014 to April 2015. All burn wound samples were initially identified by the standard biochemical methods and their aminoglycoside resistance was studied using the disc diffusion method according to CLSI recommendations. PCR method was carried out for the detection of aminoglycoside resistance using ant (2”)-I gene specific primers. Results: Forty (54.8%) out of 73 cases were male (mean age 29±2.25 years). The resistance rates as determined by the disk diffusion method were: Kanamycin (89%), Gentamicin (67.1%), Tobramycin (58.9%) and Amikacin (60.3%). The PCR results showed that 63 (86.3%) of the isolates were harbored the ant (2”)-I gene. Conclusion: The results of this study show that resistance to aminoglycosides is high in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wounds. The presence of gene ant (2”)-I was widely reported. In addition, there was a significant relationship between this gene and resistance to aminoglycosides.   3250 medicine, paraclinic Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy techniques in reducing problems of patients with preoccupied attachment style having chronic musculoskeletal pain: a single case study Amini-Fasakhoudi Maryam Mahmoud Alilou Majid Tahmassian Karineh Bakhshipour-Roudsari Abbas Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Shahid-Beheshti, Tehran, I. R. Iran. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 539 550 28 01 2017 28 01 2017 Background: Pain is a degenerative and disabling condition which is accompanied by several psychological variables. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy techniques in reducing the catastrophizing, fear of movement, pain-induced disability, and pain intensity in patients with preoccupied attachment style suffering musculoskeletal chronic pain. Materials and Methods: The Study was conducted as a single subject research based on multiple-baseline design. The participants were two women patients suffering chronic back pain that were selected through purposive method from among clients of Pain Clinic of Tabriz, based on pain specialist diagnosis, clinical interview and screening tools.  Pain Catastrophizing Questionnaire, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pain Disability Questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale, and also relationships scales Questionnaire were filled by subjects in 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, 14th baseline sessions and the follow up session. In order to study the treatment results drawing symptom severity diagram and mean base line reduction related to single subject studies. Results: Results indicate that average score of catastrophizing, fear of movement, pain disability, and pain intensity were decreased in both patients from baseline to follow up  (33.25 to 16.5), (45.75 to 21), (17.5 to 7), and (213.75 to 90), respectively. In addition, during the treatment the average score of attachment security in both patients was increased from 1.25 to 2.3. Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy was effective in increasing secure attachment and decreasing pain-related problems in patients with musculoskeletal pain. Thence, it is recommended that the study be done with larger samples in future. 3228 General Investigation on some maternal factors affecting the birth of preterm infants: a case – control study Dadipoor Sakineh Alavi Azin Pormehr-Yabandeh Asyeh Golnam Maryam Safari-Moradabadi Ali Phd Student Health Education And Health Promotion, Fertility And Infertility Research Center, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran. Fertility And Infertility Research Center, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran. Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran. Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran. Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 551 556 02 01 2017 02 01 2017 Background: Infant mortality is considered as the key healthcare index in every country. The outcomes of a preterm birth are among the main and direct causes of neonate mortality. Therefore, the present research aims to investigate some maternal factors influencing the immature birth. Materials and Methods: This observational case study was conducted on 100 term babies as the control group. The questionnaires were completed through interviewed mothers or perused hospital files. Results: The results of this study showed the high chances of premature birth in women with multiple pregnancies, smoking, placenta previa, uterine problems and placental abruption compared to most of the mothers with no history of such problems. In mothers with cervical incompetence, the chances of delivering a preterm baby are 11 times as high as mothers with no such problems. Similarly, the chances are 9.33 times as high among the mothers who had a history of placenta previa. Conclusion: Identifying maternal factors influencing the preterm infant birth as well as attentive care taken during pregnancy can significantly reduce the preterm infant birth. 3229 General Relationship between 2D:4D digit ratio with waist to hip ratio, muscle mass and strength in postmenopausal women Arazi Hamid Eghbali Ehsan Dadvand Seyyedeh Shiva Pahlevanzadeh Maryam Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, I. R. Iran. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, I. R. Iran. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, I. R. Iran. Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 557 565 03 01 2017 03 01 2017 Background: In previous studies the ratio between 2D:4D hand digits was proposed as an indicator of testosterone level and can be related to aging-induced sarcopenia. Based on the notion, the aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between (2D:4D digit ratio and waist to hip ratio (WHR), muscle mass and strength in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: One-hundred forty eight postmenopausal women (average age: 53.74±4.38 years) were selected purposefully. Anthropometric characteristics of subjects, skeletal muscle mass index, handgrip strength and quadriceps strength were measured. Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation for 2D:4D digit ratio with handgrip strength and quadriceps muscle strength (r=-0.62, r=-0.51 and P<0.001). In addition, a weak negative correlation between the (2D:4D digit ratio and calf-circumference and skeletal muscle mass index (r=-0.21, P=0.008; r=-0.32, P=0.001, respectively) was observed, but there was no significant correlation between WHR and digit ratio (r=-0.14, P=0.08). Moreover, regression analysis showed that the 2D:4D digit ratio is a more predictive power for handgrip strength and quadriceps muscle strength (R2=0.38, R2=0.26, P<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Among the postmenopausal women the 2D: 4D digit ratio has a stronger correlation with handgrip strength and quadriceps muscle strength than the other variables. This finding can be used to check the possibility of reduced muscle strength in postmenopausal women. 3230 General Risk-taking comparison in adolescent girls with symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress and normal Nejati Vahid Alipour Farshid Sharifi Masoud Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shahid-Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. Iran. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, I. R. Iran. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shahid-Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 566 573 03 01 2017 03 01 2017 Background: Given the role of psychological problems (e.g. anxiety, depression and stress) in the risk-taking and the importance of this topic in adolescent girls, the main purpose of this study was to study the effect of anxiety, depression and stress on the risk-taking in adolescent girls. Material and Methods: In this causal-comparative designed study, participants were divided in four groups: the control group and groups with symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress. In order to control the effects of demographic variables, all groups were matched for age, field of study and the education level. All participants were assessed with the Iowa gambling test (IGT), the anxiety, depression and stress questionnaires (DASS21); then data were collected.   Results: Based on the results, the highest level of risk-taking was found for depression, stress and anxity groups, respectively. In addition, the depression and   stress groups had significant higher rate of risk-taking compared to the normal group. Furthermore, results showed the predictive capacity of depression in risk-taking. Conclusion:  Due to the high prevalence rate of depression in adolescent girls and its significant association with risk-taking, it is necessary to pay more attention to the risk-taking managements and prevention programs among the adolescents. 3231 General Screening for congenital hypothyroidism in Shahr-e-Kord: prevalence and recall rate during 2006-2014 Taheri-Soodejani Moslem Fallahzadeh Hosein Lotfi Mohammad Hosein Dehghani Ali Ghaderi Azimeh Ph.D Student, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. Iran. Research Center Prevention and Epidemiology of Nron-Communicable Disease, School of Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I. R. Iran. Department of Biotatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadooghi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I. R. Iran. Department of Fighting Against Diseases, Shahr-e-Kord Health Services Center, Shahr-e-Kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahr-e-Kord, I. R. Iran. Department of Fighting Against Diseases, Shahr-e-Kord Health Services Center, Shahr-e-Kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahr-e-Kord, I. R. Iran. 1 1 2017 20 6 574 580 03 01 2017 03 01 2017 Background: As the congenital hypothyroidism is preventable only by the timely diagnosis of the disease, the aim of present study is to evaluate the results of the screening program carried out during 2006-2014. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eleven out of the 54,468 newborn screened for this cross sectional study during 2006 to 2014 were identified as the cases. Fisher's exact test at a significance level of 5% was used for the analysis. Result: Considering the prevalence rate of 2 per 1000 births, the rate for girls and boys were 1.9 and 2.2 per 1000 births, respectively. The difference between the rates was not statistically significant. The recall rate was 46.65 per 1000 births. Twenty seven percent of the patients had a positive history of disease and 27.9% the familial relationship. The highest prevalence of the disease (33.4%) was in the summer. Conclusion: The findings disclosed that the inaccuracy of the initial sampling from the heel of the cases. So for the reduction of sampling errors and not wasting the golden time of treatment, it is mandatory to employ the trained personnel for initial sampling. Although above the international standard level, the overall prevalence of the disease during these years was the same rate in the country.