Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Protective effects of short-term administration of zinc on bone metabolism parameters in male rats treated with cadmium
181
189
FA
Shiva
Najafi
Seyyed Ali Asghar
Moshtaghie
Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch
Ali
Noori
Background: Acute cadmium (Cd) intoxication can be caused by eating foods or drinks that are packed in metal containers coated with Cd. The exposure to Cd enhanced resorption and inhibited formation of the bone tissue resulting in its decreased mineralization and thus may lead to various complications. Zinc supplement can reduce Cd absorption as well as neutralize the Cd-induced toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of zinc on bone metabolism parameters in male rats treated with Cd. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into eight groups: group 1 received 0.5 mL of normal saline, group 2 received 0.5 mg/kg zinc, three Cd groups that received three different Cd concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg) and the other three groups received three Cd concentrations and zinc simultaneously. Blood samples were taken over a 30-day period and factors related to bone metabolism were measured. Results: The results showed that administration of three different doses of Cd chloride (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg) increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and decreased the albumin concentration compared to the control group. Moreover, the simultaneous use of three concentrations of Cd chloride with zinc reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and increased the albumin concentration (P<0.05).Conclusion: Zinc supplementation can have protective effects against the toxicity caused by Cd on parameters of bone metabolism.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Histological evaluation of the effect of petroleum ether root extract ointment of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss on open skin wound healing in rat
190
196
FA
Zahra
Amirkhani
International Branch of Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Mohsen
Norouzian
Abbas
Piryaei
Seyyed Abdolmajid
Ayatollahi
Soraya
Saremi
Masoumeh
Dadpay
Background: Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. belongs to the Boraginaceae family and is one of the most important medicinal plants in north of Iran. This study aimed to examine the effect of the petroleum ether root extract ointment of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. on healing of a surgically induced open skin wound in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 54 male adult Wistar rats were randomly allocated into control, vehicle, and experimental groups. A 20-mm cephalocaudal incision was made on the back skin of rats. Rats were sacrificed on days 4, 7 and 14 and histological examination (the number of fibroblasts, neutrophil, blood vessel sections and thickness of epiderm) was performed on skin samples. Results: On day 4, the number of fibroblasts was significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the vehicle (P<0.003) and control (P<0.001) groups. On day 7, no significant difference was seen in the number of fibroblasts in the experimental group compared to the vehicle group (P<0.680) and fibroblasts were significantly increased in the experimental and vehicle groups compared to the control (P<0.001). On day 14, fibroblasts were significantly increased in the experimental and control groups compared to the vehicle (P<0.001) and there was no significant difference in the number of fibroblasts in the experimental group compared to the control (P<0.843). Also, no significant difference was seen in the number of neutrophils, blood vessel sections and thickness of epiderm on days 4, 7 and 14 among the groups. Conclusion: Topical application of the petroleum ether root extract of onosma dichroanthum Boiss. has no significant effect on the healing of skin wound in rats.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Anti-angiogenic effect of eugenol on a Wistar rat aortic ring
197
203
FA
Kiandokht
Kouhestanian
Javad
Baharara
Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University
Saeeideh
Zafarbalanezhad
Background: Angiogenesis is an essential process during development. Eugenol has been used to treat diverse diseases for many years. The purpose of the present study was to examine the anti-angiogenic effect of eugenol on a Wistar rat aortic ring. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, rat aorta rings were cultured in a collagen matrix. After observation of vessel sprouting, the samples were allocated into control and experimental groups treated with different concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8 mM) of eugenol and three samples were considered for each concentration. After 24 and 48 hours from treatment, all samples were photographed and the number and length of blood vessels were measured using Image J software.Results: The mean number and length of blood vessels in the experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 were (16.36±0.57,171.31±1.56 mm), (11.66±1.15, 163.03±1.88 mm), and (6.66±0.57, 140.35±0.59 mm) respectively at 24 hours and (15.33±1.15, 171.32±0.47 mm), (9.33±1.15, 134.91±0.91 mm) and (2.66±1.15, 100.67±0.59 mm) at 48 hours after treatment with eugenol which showed a significant decrease in a dose- and time-dependent manner compared to the control group (18.66±0.57, 195/79±3/35 mm) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Eugenol dose and time-dependently inhibits angiogenesis in rat aortic ring model therefore, it can be considered in studies related to cancer and pathological conditions associated with angiogenesis.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
The effect of grape seed (Vitis vinifera L.) extract supplementation on lipid profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after aerobic exercise in non-athlete males
204
213
FA
Hamid Reza
Zolfi
vahid
Sari-Sarraf
University of Tabriz
Hosein
Babaei
Ramin
Amirsasan
Background: There are a few studies about the positive effects of exercise and polyphenols supplementation on reduction of cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on lipid profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels after an aerobic exercise in non-athlete men. Materials and Methods: In a randomized double-blind study, 20 non-athlete men (age range, 19±1 years, body fat 12.20%±3%, body mass index 22.22±2, and VO2max 39.28±2 ml.kg-1.min-1) were allocated into two equal groups (n=10): the GSE supplementation (200 mg/day) and placebo groups. The hs-CRP, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were measured before and after the supplementation and after an aerobic exercise protocol with 75% VO2max on the motorized treadmill for 30 minutes. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in TG and a significant increase in hs-CRP after the exercise in both groups (P0.05). In addition, there was a significant decrease in TC levels subsequent GSE supplementation (P<0.05). Conclusion: A single session of aerobic exercise has no significant effect on lipid profiles except TG and can lead to an increase in the hs-CRP concentration. However, the short-term GSE supplementation can just improve the TC of lipid profile.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Comparing the effects of combined endurance-resistance training versus resistance-endurance on growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in non-athlete prepubertal girls
214
222
FA
Ramin
Amirsasan
University of Tabriz
Vahid
Sari-Saraf
Tahereh
Pourgholi
Mostafa
Armanfar
Background: In children and adolescents, the anabolic effects of exercise are mediated through growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of combined endurance-resistance versus resistance-endurance exercises on GH and IGF-I in non-athlete prepubertal girls. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 16 prepubertal girls aged 9-11 years old, after homogenization, were randomly allocated into two equal groups (n=8): the endurance-resistance and resistance-endurance. Activities in both groups included combined endurance (20 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with 60%-70% of the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) on a treadmill)-resistance (biceps, triceps, chest press, butterfly, knee extension and flexion, moderate leg press with 60% of 1-RM, and 1 set of 10 repetitions) and resistance-endurance training with different orders. Before, immediately after and 2 hours after the exercise, blood samples were taken and GH and IGF-1 levels were measured. Results: Immediately after the training, in both group, GH levels (3.39 ng/ml vs 1.8 ng/ml) were significantly increased compared to the resting condition (0.77 ng/ml vs 0.72 ng/ml) (P=0.017). However, GH levels (0.97 ng/ml vs 0.18 ng/ml) were significantly decreased in both groups after 2 hours (P=0.012). The GH levels in the endurance-resistance group were higher compared to the resistance-endurance group. Changes in IGF-1 levels in both training groups before, immediately after and 2 hours after the training did not show significant differences.Conclusion: It seems that combined endurance-resistance training is more appropriate option for non-athlete prepubertal girls.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
The effect of perceptual motor exercises on perceptual motor function and drawing skills of children with Down's syndrome
223
230
FA
Narges
Ghamari
Shahla
Rafeei
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Ramezan
Soltani
Zahra
Ghamari
Background: Down's syndrome is one of the most common genetic disorders characterized by generalized muscular hypotonia and deficits in motor skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of perceptual motor exercises on perceptual motor function and drawing skills of children with Down's syndrome. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted using an available sample based on single-system design (AB design). The participants in this study were evaluated twice a week in the baseline phase. After core stability assessment, they were trained with perceptual motor exercise in the treatment phase for 1.5 months every 3 sessions per week for 60 minutes. To investigate the changes in baseline and treatment phases, the C statistic and Bayesian analysis were used. Results: The obtained results revealed that perceptual motor exercises had a moderate to strong effect on perceptual motor function in only one of the participants and had a weak effect on drawing skills in two of the participants, very strong effect in two of the participants and moderate effect in one of the participant and also these exercises had a very strong effect on visual motor coordination in four participants and strong to very strong effect in one of them.Conclusion: The findings show that perceptual motor exercises can be an effective intervention to improve visual-motor coordination and subsequently drawing skills in children with Down's syndrome.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
The role of attachment styles, quality of object relations and ego strength in predicting irritable bowel syndrome
231
241
FA
Mohammad
Koochaki-Ravandi
Nader
Monirpour
Abbas
Arj
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders that psychological factors play an important role in its development and exacerbation. This study aimed to investigate the role of attachment styles, the quality of object relations and ego strength in predicting IBS. Materials and Methods: This analytical case-control study was performed on all patients with IBS referred to Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital from January to December 2013. In this study, 150 patients with IBS and 150 matched healthy people (the relatives of patients) were selected using convenience sampling. To collect data, different questionnaires including demographic, object relations, adult attachment and ego strength questionnaires were used. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the ambivalent insecure attachment style and IBS as well as a negative correlation between the ego strength and IBS. Also, there was no significant correlation between the secure attachment styles, avoidant insecure attachment style and object relations with IBS. Logistic regression analysis showed that the ego strength and ambivalent insecure attachment style were the predictors of IBS. Conclusion: Besides the biological and genetic factors involved in IBS, ambivalent insecure attachment style and ego strength can be psycho-social predictors of this syndrome.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Study of Cx26 gene mutations in patients with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss
242
248
FA
Habib
Onsori
Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University
Background: Non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) is the most common sensory disorder worldwide and more than 100 genetic loci have been identified in NSHL so far. Mutations in the CX26 (GJB2) gene at the DFNB1 locus on chromosome 13q12 are associated with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss in a variety of populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the CX26 gene mutations in patients with NSHL. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive laboratory study, 50 patients with NSHL were selected from the welfare organization of Marand city, Iran. Blood samples (5 ml) were collected from the patients and genomic DNA was extracted using the rapid genomic DNA extraction method. After amplification of the CX26 gene coding region using the polymerase chain reaction method, direct sequencing of amplified fragments was performed. Results: In this study, six different mutations including 35delG, R184P, R216K, 363delC, C202R and V84M were identified in 10 out of 50 cases with NSHL. Therefore, mutations in the CX26 gene were found in 20% of the patients. Among these mutations, the 35delG was the most common mutation found in 5 out of 50 cases with 6% allelic frequency. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, other genes may be involved in hearing loss in the study population and further studies are needed to identify these genes. Therefore, mutation screening of individuals with hearing loss referred to genetic counseling centers before marriage and pregnancy is recommended.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Determination of viral load of Epstein-Barr virus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Kashan during 2014-2015
249
254
FA
Ahmad
Piroozmand
Batol
Zamani
Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran.
Mahdieh
Eslami-Ardakani
Seyyed Gholam Abbas
Mousavi
Mahzad
Erami
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease and environmental risk factors such as UV radiation, drugs, chemicals and infections, especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are the main causes of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate EBV viral load in serum of patients with SLE. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients with SLE diagnosed based on American college of rheumatology criteria were selected using purposive sampling. After collecting patients' demographic data and obtaining the patients' consent to participate in the study, 10 ml blood samples were taken from patients and Buffy coat was isolated to determine viral load using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.Results: From a total of 40 patients, 37 cases (92.5%) were woman and 3 (7.5%) were men. Fifty percent of the cases had active and 50% inactive disease. The EBV test was positive in 67.5% of the patients and negative in 32.5% of them. Mean viral load was 5396 ± 1891.9 copy/ml. Mean values of EBV viral load in patients with active and inactive SLE were 6798 and 28.25 copy/ml, respectively (P=0.003). Viral loads in women with active and inactive SLE were 5803.3 and 29.73 copy/ml, respectively (P =0.003). Conclusion: Epstein-Barr virus infection is high in SLE patients and the viral load in the active disease is higher than inactive one. Thus, EBV virus may have an important role in the pathogenesis and activity of SLE.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the self-care behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in women with type 2 diabetes: a case study
255
264
FA
Nasim
Samadzade
University of Tabriz
Hamid
Poursharifi
jalil
Poursharifi
Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease with undesirable complications. In addition to physical complications, some psychological problems, especially depression and anxiety are more common among people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on the self-care behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in women with type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods: In this single-case experimental design study, 3 diabetic women referred to Tabriz diabetes association who were in the severe and very severe categories of the depression and anxiety subscales of depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) were selected for the study during 2013-2014. Intervention procedures were individually conducted on the participants in eight sessions. To measure the variables, the summary of diabetes self-care activities and DASS questionnaires were used.Results: The improvement percentage, effect size and graphic analysis suggested that CBT can lead to the enhancement of self-care behaviors, reduction of depression symptoms, and relative reduction of anxiety symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Using effective psychological interventions such as CBT can enhance mood, reduce anxiety and adhere more to treatment recommendations and thus they can help prevent the complications of diabetes and take an effective step in order to increase the level of physical and mental health of these patients.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
19
3
2015
7
1
Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament or disc herniation? A diagnostic challenge
265
270
FA
Giv
Sharifi
Zahra
Yaghoubi
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Mohammad Hosein
Afdjei
Background: Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the spine is a rare disease with unknown pathology among white population. The disease occurs predominantly in the cervical spine and can cause spinal-cord compression. There is a wide variety of possible neurological signs depending on the amount of pressure on the spinal cord. The progress of the disease is slow and often without neurological symptoms. Different surgical approaches are used depends on the type of involvement. This study reports a patient with this rare syndrome in the east Azerbaijan province. Case Report: A 45-year-old farmer with the diagnosis of disc herniation in the C3-C5 segments had radiculopathy symptoms for many years. Various physical therapy sessions along with drug treatment had no optimal improvement. Ultimately, surgery was performed by aggravation of the disease symptoms and during the surgery it was found that patient had OPLL syndrome. Conclusion: Although this syndrome is rare, it should be considered in differential diagnosis of spinal cord compression involvements and its subsequent neurological symptoms.