Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Effect of metronidazole on spermatogenesis, plasma gonadotrophins and testosterone in adult male rats
1
5
FA
Davod
Sohrabi
sohrabidavood@yahoo.com
Y
Mohsen
Alipour
N
Ali
Mellati Awsat
N
Background: Metronidazole and its derivatives are drugs with both antiprotozoal and antibacterial effects. The reproductive toxicity of metronidazole has been shown in some studies. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of metronidazole on spermatogenesis in male adult rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Animals in group I (Control group) received water and those in groups II and III received metronidazole with doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively for 60 days. Different varieties of germ cells, seminiferous tubule epithelium, spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and spermatids were quantitatively evaluated. Also using radioimmunoassay technique plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), lutuneizing hormone (LH), and testosterone were measured. Results: In the 200 and 400 mg/kg groups, there were significant drop in the testes and accessory sex organ weights, plasma concentrations of LH, FSH and testosterone with massive degeneration of germ cells. Conclusion: Metronidazole has a suppressive influence on both spermatogenesis, plasma level of gonadotropins and testosterone in the male rats.
Gonadotropins, Metronidazole, Testes, Testosterone
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Effect of vitrification with single agent in stepwise manner using different concentrations of ethylene gycol on the morphology of mouse ovarian tissue
6
11
FA
Elaheh
Mirrasekhian
N
Mogdeh
Salehnia
Tarbiat Modarres University of Medical Sciences
mogdeh@dr.com
Y
Background: Considering the importance of cryoprotection and dehydration manner in the vitrification procedure, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of this technique using different concentrations of ethylene glycol (EG) as a single agent in stepwise manner and different dehydration time on the mouse ovarian tissue. Materials and Methods: Thirty five NMRI adult mice (6-10 weeks) were sacrificed and their ovarian tissues were divided into control, toxicity test and vitrified groups. After dehydration of samples in increasing concentration of EG (2 and 4 M) for 1 min in every group the vitrification procedure was done using final concentration of 6 or 8 M of EG in different times (4,6, 8 min). The ovarian tissue in each vitrified group was stored in liquid nitrogen for one week. After warming, the samples were washed in 1 M sucrose solution. The samples of fresh, vitrified and toxicity test groups were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and embedded in paraffin. Then serial sections were prepared, stained with hematoxylen and eosin and studied morphologically. Results: The morphology of ovarian tissue in all groups with different concentrations of EG and different dehydration times was almost the same. The preantral and antral follicles were well preserved especially on the cortical part of ovary they had a normal morphology. Conclusion: The results showed that high concentration of EG (6 or 8 M) was not toxic and dehydration time from 4 to 8 minutes had no harmful effect on the structure of ovarian tissue during vitrification and warming. However, more additional investigations are recommended.
Ethylene glycol, Ovarian tissue, Stepwise manner vitrification
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-32-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-32-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Effect of atropine on Friedman curve in active phase in primiparus women
12
16
FA
Raziyeh
Dehghani Firouzabadi
dr_firouzabadi@yahoo.com
Y
Naeimeh
Tayebi
N
Background: This study has been designed to evaluate the effects of Atropine on improving dilatation of cervix and promoting the progression of labor course in active phase of primiparus women referring to Shahid Sodughi Hospital of Yazd in 2006.Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 200 pregnant primiparus women were enrolled into two groups. One hundred normal primiparus ladies recieved one ml of intravenous atropine as case group and 100 women received nothing as control group, randomly. Placebo was given to both groups in active phase. Finally, the effect of atropine on Friedman curve, dilatation of cervix and progression of labor course was evaluated. The statistical analysis was done using t-test, Chi square and Fisher exact tests.Results: The mean time from drug administration to full dilation of the cervix was 2.05 h in the case group and 2.39 h in the control group (P<001). In addition, the mean time of labor was 4.96 h in the case group and 6.12 h in the control group. Cesarean delivery in the case and control groups was 3% and 9%, respectively. In the case group, 49% of women complained of thirst, 29% had increased heart rate, 1% complained of urinary retention, and 21% showed no obvious complication.Conclusion: Atropine not only decreases the active phase of labor but also decrease the rate of cesarean.
Intravenous, Atropine, Induction, Active phase, Friedman curve, Prim para
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Effect of gamma ray (25 gray) on spermatogenesis and role of epinephrine as a protector in adult rat
17
21
FA
Jafar
Ai
jafar_ay2000@yahoo.com
Y
Asadollah
Zarifkar
N
Saeid
Khatamsaz
N
Hossein
Shahriari
N
Background: Since human being is exposed to gamma ray during radiotherapy and some diagnostic tests, studying radiation and radioprotection is necessary. We evaluated the effects of gamma ray (25 gray) on spermatogenesis process and the role of epinephrine as a protector in adult rat. Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, 120 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: 1-Receiving epinephrine 2- receiving saline (Control) 3-exposed to gamma ray and receiving epinephrine, 4-exposed to gamma ray and receiving saline. Epinephrine was injected subcutaneously to abdominal area in a sub lethal dose (1 ml/kg). The animals were exposed to gamma radiation by a gamma ray producing apparatus capable of producing 25 gray gamma radiation. Then testes were removed and spermatogonia cells, primary spermatocytes, spermatid cells, spermatozoids and interstitial cells were counted. Results: According to the findings in gamma ray group the somniferous tubes were separated from each other and their epithelium showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the number of spermatogonia, spermatid and sperm cells. These changes were associated with an increase in the number of primary spermatocytes. These were not seen in the group received epinephrine. Conclusion: It seems that epinephrine via blood vessel constriction can act as a protector for gamma radiation damages through free radical reduction.
Epinephrine, Gamma ray, Rat, Spermatogenesis
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Assessing sensitivity and specificity of telomerase, parathyroid hormone, carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA) and cyfra-21-1 in lung cancer diagnosis
22
28
FA
Behrang
Alani
Alani@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Nosratollah
Zarghami
N
Khalil
Ansarin
N
Seyyed Naeim
Rafati
N
Abbas
Mohajeri
N
Background: Finding suitable tumor markers with higher sensitivity and specificity for malignancy could be a fine approach to early diagnosis, response to treatment and follow up after treatment in cancers. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of telomerase enzyme with carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA), Cyfra21-1 and parathyroid hormone (PTH), in diagnosis of patients with lung cancer and other cancerous diseases visited in Lung and Tuberculosis Research Center of Tabriz Medical University. Materials and Methods: In this research a diagnostic value was designed on 50 lung cancer patients and 20 normal individuals. Telomerase activity was measured by TRAP assay, based on PCR- ELSA, in lung tumor biopsies. The serum levels of PTH, CEA, and Cyfra-21-1 were measured using commercially available immunoassay kits. Sensitivity, specificity and other diagnostic value markers were calculated. To compare quantitative means of the two groups, T independent and Man-Whitney analysis were applied. Results: Telomerase activity had the highest sensitivity and accuracy (76% and 82.9%, respectively). The mean values for Cyfra-21-1 were 58% and 70%, respectively. The highest value of sensitivity for telomerase was calculated in small and large cell carcinoma with 100% in lung cancer patients. The highest sensitivity of Cyfra-21-1 (98%) was seen in the large cell carcinoma. Conclusion: The diagnostic sensitivity of telomerase enzyme was higher than that of cyfra21-1 and CEA. It seems that the positive value of telomerase enzyme could be considered as a rapid diagnostic factor especially in lower stages of lung cancer.
Carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA), Cyfra21-1, Lung Cancer, Parathyroid hormone, Telomerase enzyme
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-35-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-35-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Effect of zinc supplement on CRP inflammatory marker in hemodialysis patients
29
33
FA
Ali Akbar
Rashidi
rashidi_al@yahoo.com
Y
Mousa
Salehi
N
Mohammad Ali
Sagheb
N
Background: Inflammation, reflected by increased levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), is common in dialysis patients. Inflammation is the major cause of mortality in these patients. This study was carried out to examine the effect of zinc supplementation on inflammatory marker CRP in hemodialysis patients. Materials & Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded, and controlled clinical trial, 60 zinc deficient (<70µg/dl) hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into two groups. Zinc supplementation group (n=30) received a 220 mg zinc sulfate capsule and control group (n=30) received a placebo capsule (220 mg cornstarch). The patients received one capsule daily for 6 weeks. Fasting predialysis serum samples were collected at the beginning and after 6th week to determine serum zinc and CRP levels. Data were analyzed using t-test. Results: Serum zinc concentration in zinc-supplemented group showed significant increase from 57.4±2.43µg/dl to 88.41±4.81µg/dl (P<0.001). Serum CRP concentration decreased from 13.55±3.8 mg/l to 10.56±3.5 mg/l at the 6th week in zinc-supplemented group which was not significant. The difference between serum CRP concentration in the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Zinc supplementation intake may cause an increase in serum zinc leading to decreases in inflammation of hemodialysis patients.
CRP, Hemodialysis, Inflammation, Zinc
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-36-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-36-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Isolation of nocardia from bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum specimens of patients referring to Isfahan T.B center, 2005.
34
38
FA
Jamshid
Faghri
faghri@med.mui.ac.ir
Y
Abdosamamd
Gorbani
N
Bronchoalveolar lavage, Pulmonary Nocardia Asteroids, Pulmonary nocardiosis
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-37-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-37-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Comparison of true protein digestibility (TPD) of wheat flour and wheat flour mixture plus soy protein with casein standard protein
39
43
FA
Zatollah
Asemi
asemi_z @ yahoo.com
Y
Mohsen
Taghizade
N
Background: E valuation of foods protein quality is of great importance for their biological and economical impacts. Different biological, microbiological, chemical and combined methods have been introduced and used to determine this item. Among these True Protein Digestibility ( TPD ) has been suggested as an appropriate method for the determination of protein quality. Considering the importance of protein quality in foods, especially in low income families, this study was designed to evaluate TPD of wheat flour and wheat flour mixture plus soy protein in comparison with casein standard protein in Kashan in 2003. Materials and Methods: This e xperimental study was carried out on 32 male Wistar rats, aged 21 days under 4 regimens including wheat flour, and wheat flour plus soy protein as case group, casein+methionine (standard) and protein free (basal) diets in order to determine TPD. The period of study for TPD was 9 days. To calculate TPD, nitrogen intake and fecal nitrogen were determined and TPD of the group casein+methionine with wheat flour and wheat flour mixture plus soy protein were analyzed using t-test. Results: TPD was 93.4 ± 2.3, 93.9 ± 3.6 and 80.3 ± 5.9 for casein+methionin, wheat flour and wheat flour mixture with soy (P<.0001) respectively. The values means of food intake were 19, 48.7, 28.3 and 45.4 for Protein free, casein+methionin, wheat flour and wheat flour mixture with soy respectively. Conclusions: Wheat flour has an equal protein quality and wheat flour mixture with soy a lower quality in comparison with casein. In fact TPD of wheat flour mixed with soy can be improved by increasing soy protein values, arranging appropriate strategies in soy production technology and using better kinds of flour especially Semolina.
Protein quality, TPD, Wheat flour, Wheat flour with soy
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-38-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-38-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Iranian nurses perceptions of evidence-based practice: A qualitative study
44
52
FA
Mohsen
Adib-Hajbaghery
adib1344@yahoo.com
Y
Background : During the past two decades, evidence based practice has been increasingly proved as a higher level of standard and quality of health care. Nurses who base their practices on scientific evidences bring their clients and organizations to a better and more cost-effective level of care. However, little is known about Iranian nurses' perception of evidence based practice so the present study was conducted to evaluate their understandings and experiences on evidence based practice. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was carried out on 21 participants from different groups of nurses including 9 practicing nurses, 6 head nurses, 3 metrons and supervisor nurses, and 3 nursing school teachers at Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Semi-structured interviews and participant observation methods were used for data gathering. Content analysis was used to analyze the data according to the Cheevakumjorn's method. Results: Two main categories of "nature of evidence" and "the concept of evidence based nursing" emerged from the data. The participants used the term standard care as synonymous with evidence based practice. According to them, evidence based practice cares the clients based on the nurses professional knowledge as well as the patient's needs. The data related to the nature of evidence were categorized in five groups of "knowledge of patient", "environmental knowledge", learned knowledge", "practical knowledge", and "research based knowledge". However they mentioned that at present the nursing practice is not based on scientific evidences. Conclusions: Our nursing care is not based on evidence based practice and the research has little application in our current nursing practice. Evidence based nursing practice requires the access and appraisal of research evidences and their integration with clinical expertise and patients' values. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the managers and educators to identify the barriers and facilitate the process of evidence based practice and its application for the nursing staff.
Evidence based practice, Nursing, Qualitative research
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-39-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-39-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Comparison of dependency to attention for implicit sequential motor learning in young and elderly groups
53
59
FA
Vahid
Nejati
Y
Mir Taghi
Garusi Farshi
N
Hasam
Ashayeri
N
Mohamad Taghi
Aghdasi
N
Background: Complex motor behaviors are formed from a chain of primitive behaviors. Motor sequence is the basis of a lot of human's intelligent behavior. The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of dependency on attention in implicit sequential motor learning in two groups of youth and elderly.Materials and Methods: Two groups including 15 young people, aged 20 to 30 years, and 15 elderly, aged 60 to 75 years from Kashan Retired Teachers Center, enrolled to this study in 2007. For data analysis, SPSS version 13 and ANOVA test for estimation of number of responses, errors and the efficiency of the second task paired t-test for comparing the regular and irregular blocks in one group and independent t-test for comparison of two groups of youth and elderly people were used. Results: The study showed that in young group exposed to the mutual task, response time and errors of the first task (the time of sequence response) decreased. In elderly group, the response time and errors didn’t show a significant difference in both regular and irregular phases. The efficiency of the second task didn’t show any significant difference in the two groups. Conclusion: Implicit learning in elderly is dependent on attention. According to the findings, motor learning in rehabilitation and exercise therapy of elder adults should not overloaded by the cognitive tasks
Attention, Elderly, Implicit learning, Motor sequence, Youth
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-40-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-40-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
Concordance of perioperative prophylactic antibiotic therapy with national Iranian guidelines in Shiraz University Hospitals, Shiraz- Iran, 2004
60
66
FA
Mehrdad
Askarian
N
Sayyed Alireza
Moravveji
moraveji@kaums.ac.
Y
Background: Surgical site infection is the most common complication of surgery and can be prevented with the appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics. In fact, some complications may occur such as emergence of resistant bacteria and increased costs are due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. We have designed this descriptive study to recognize the current status of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis comparing with the National Iranian Guideline (NIG). Materials & Methods: 760 patients in 7 different surgical wards from 6 university hospitals in Shiraz enrolled to the study. Using the NIG as reference, we considered indices like the decision making toward the prescription of prophylactic antibiotics, antimicrobial agents, starting time, duration, route of administration of prophylactic antibiotics and total adherence to the guideline for each patient. Results: It was found that 82.1% of decision making regarding prescriptions were on the base of the guidelines. Comparing with the guideline, drug selection, initiation time, duration, and route of prophylaxis was appropriate in 2.9%, 55%, 0%, and 30.7% of patients, respectively. However the total adherence was 0%. Conclusions: This study showed significant discrepancies between the NIG recommendations and the current prophylactic practice. An interventional study is essential in order to improve prophylactic antibiotic prescription, patient safety, infection control and to decrease complications.
AntibioticS, National guidelineS, Prophylaxis, Surgery
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-41-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-41-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
11
2
2007
7
1
A case of recurrent meningitis caused by drug resistant Enterococcus fecalis in a patient with ventriculoperitoneal shunt
67
70
FA
Kiyarash
Ghazvini
Kiarash_ghazvini@yahoo.com
Y
Hossein
Mashhadinejad
N
Aida
Gholoobi
N
Background: Iatrogenic meningitis is an important complication in neurosurgery. This infection is not common. This paper presents the first report of recurrent shunt meningitis caused by drug resistant Enterococcus fecalis in Iran. Case report: We report a case with recurrent shunt meningitis caused by Enteroccocus fecalis in a 9-year old girl with ventriculoperitoneal shunt which did not recover by antibiotic therapy until the removal of the infected shunt. Discussion and Conclusion: Patients with hydrocephalus who are treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts are susceptible to bacterial infections. The rate of this nosocomial infection varies from 2% to 22%. It is suggested to pay more attention to symptoms of CNS infections among patients with cerebrospinal fluid drainage.
Recurrent meningitis, Ventriculoperitoneal shunt, Enteroccocus fecalis, Drug resistant
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-42-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-42-en.pdf