Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Simultaneous measurement of vitamin A and E using reversed phase HPLC
1
7
FA
Mohamamd Hossein
Aarabi
aarabi_mh@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Mahmoud
Jalali
N
Background : Measurement of vitamin A and E is of utmost importance since they have antioxidant and protective activity that could be helpful to prevent cancer. Thus precise measurement is important. In the present study we have measured the se two vitamins using HPLC technique. Materials and methods : It was an exploratory survey. Having prepared the serum sample, 50 microliter was injected to HPLC instrument. Reversed phase chromatography with UV detector and a Super Pacpep-S column with a flow rate of 1.5ml/minute was used. Retention time, coefficient of variation, and reliability as well as the amount of recovered vitamins were determined. Results : Vitamin A, retinil acetate, and vitamin E were removed from the column at minutes of 3.4, 4.7, and 11.5. the limit detection was 25ng/ml and 1 μ g/ml for vitamin A and E respectively. The recovery rate of vitamin A and E were 78.2% and 90.8%. Conclusion : Reversed phase HPLC is a reliable technique to measure vitamin A and E. Further studies in order to improve this technique is highly recommended.
Reversed phase HPLC, Vitamin A, Vitamin E
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-227-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-227-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Comparing two doses of sublingual Captopril to control hypertensive urgencies
8
15
FA
Sayed Mohsen
Razavi Zadeh
Y
Majid
Mazouchi
N
Masoud
Eslami
N
Mahboub
Lesan Pezeshki
N
Amanlou
N
Background: Sublingual captopril was shown to be effective to control hypertensive urgencies however, there exist controversies regarding the true dosage. In this study, we have compared 2 dosage (12.5 and 25 mg) of sublingual captopril to find out which is more effective.Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial subjects with blood pressure of 180/110 mmHg who had no finding compatible with major organ damage were distributed in 2 groups (20 patients in each one) systolic and diastolic blood pressure were determined at minutes 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 following the drug administration. Data analysis was achieved using chi-square and ANOVA.Results: There was no significant difference regarding the age, sex, previous history of hypertension, previous history of captopril intake, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure prior to the study. In the group receiving 12.5mg captopril, the mean diastolic and systolic blood pressure dropped from 121±3 and 210±4 mmHg to 97±4 and 163±6 mmHg, respectively, after 120 minutes. For the second these figures dropped form 123±2 and 202±3 to 96±1 and 165±4 mmHg, respectively (P<0.0001). At minutes 60 and 120, 80 and 75% of the first group (Receiving 12.5mg captopril) and 80 and 90% of the second group (Receiving 25mg captopril) had diastolic blood pressure of less than 110 mmHg, (NS). There was no side effect.Conclusion: Captopril has shown similar therapeutic effect in dosage of 12.5mg and 25mg.
Hypertensive crisis, Hypertensive urgencies, Captopril
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-233-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-233-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Effects of levamisole on children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
16
20
FA
Abbas
Madani
Y
Niloufar
Hajizadeh
N
Bahar
Madani
N
Background : Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common chronic renal diseases of childhood and for many years steroids are the first choice of treatment. Some children with nephrotic syndrome are steroid-dependant and some relapse frequently. Levamisole helps to maintain remission in some cases of steroid-dependant children. Materials and methods : During this case series study, 41 children with the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome who had referred to Children Medical Center during a 15-year period (1986-2001) were included. Levamisole was administered according to the standard protocol and its effect on number of relapses, steroid usage, remission, and also its side-effects were all determined. Results : The study population included 28 boys and 13 girls. The mean number of relapses before levamisole was 2.48 relapse per year per patient, however, one year following levamisole administration it was significantly dropped to 0.78 (p=0.008). 19 patients remained in remission after cessation of levamisole course. We have found no drug side effects. Conclusion : Levamisole has a positive effect on nephrotic syndrome. It is a safe drug that could be prescribed for affected patients.
Levamisole, Nephrotic syndrome, Steroid
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-222-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-222-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Effect of electrochemical process on phosphorous removal from activated sludge effluent
21
29
FA
Davarkhah
Rabbani
Y
Ali Reza
Mesdaghinia
N
Simin
Naseri
N
Kazem
Naddafi
N
Background : The nutrition role of phosporous to macroscopic and microscopic plants is well known. Discharge a source of phosphorous to surface water sources ultimately results in eutrophication. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of electrochemical process on phosphorous removal from activated sludge effluent. Samples were collected from wastewater treatment plant effluent of Kashan University of Medical Science Campus. Materials and methods : The study was carried out as a bench scale experimental type using batch system and the effects of electrical current, type of electrodes, reaction time and initial characteristics of samples (temperature, pH, and electro conductivity) were investigated. Ineach run, 1500ml secondary effluent was placed in an electrolytic cell equipped with magnetic stirrer. The anode and cathode was each made of 4 pieces of still (or aluminium) 1.5cm apart, which both were submerged in the sample. The total effective area of used electrodes was 336cm2 and the input power was controlled by an ammeter and voltmeter. Reduction of total phosphorous to less than 1mg/L-P (as standard) was considered as the desired removal. Results : The results showed that by increment in direct current and reaction time the phosphorous removal efficiency will increased and the still electrodes are slightly more efficient than aluminum ones. Adjustment of temperature, pH and electroconductivity of samples, each in a special range, improve s the efficacy. To obtain best results the required electrical current density and reaction time are recommended to be in the range of 1.78-3.57 mamp/cm2 and 10-30 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: Electrochemical process by using steel electrode can successfully remove total phosphorous that is remained in activated sludge effluent, of course, there is no need to adjust temperature, pH, and electro conductivity.
Phosphorous removal, Electrochemical process, Wastewater, Advanced wastewater treatment, Eutrophication
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-232-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-232-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Metabolic disorder in patients with urinary stone
30
34
FA
Hossein
Mahmoudi
Y
Background : Urinary stones are quite frequent problems of urinary system that encompass different metabolic disorders. The present study was conducted on patients referring to Naghavi hospital in Kashan during 2000-2001 with urinary stone to find out their different metabolic disorders. Materials and methods : For this descriptive study, all candidates aged 15 or more were included. Urinary stones were diagnosed using sonography and /or IVP. Meanwhile, the level of Ca, uric acid, creatinine, Na, K, 24-hour urine analysis, and patients’ demographic characteristics were detemined. Results : The study population included 55 males and 24 females. The most common disorders were oliguria (78.4%), hypercalciuria (27.8%), hyperuricosuria (11.3%), hyperuricemia (8.8%, and hypercalcemia (2.5%). Conclusion : Oliguria is by far the most common problem that occur due to excessive heat, excessive sweating, and loss of liquid intake. Necessary educative programs can be helpful.
Urinary stone, Metabolic disorder, Prevention
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-223-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-223-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
HBsAg in parturients referring to gynecologic clinics in Kashan, 2002
35
41
FA
Zohre
Tabasi
tabasi_z@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Fakhrosadat
Mir Hosseini
N
Sayed Gholam Abbas
Mousavi
N
Leila
Ghafouri
N
Background: Transmission of hepatitis B can occur through different routes. Transmission through umbilical vein occurs in 10%, however, HBV is mainly transmitted during the delivery and the early months. In adults HBV infection tend to be chronic in 10%, however, in infants it would tend towards chronicity in 98% of the cases. The present study was conducted in gynecologic clinics in Kashan to determine the prevalence of HBsAg in parturients referring to these clinics.Materials and Methods: During this cross-sectional study 2000 parturients referred consecutively. ELISA was used to determine the HBsAg. Meanwhile, risk factors such as age, sex, family history of hepatitis B, previous history of surgery, etc were evaluated.Results: HBsAg was revealed to be positive in 7 cases (0.35%). There was a significant association between the family history of hepatitis B and level of education with HBsAg positivity.Conclusion: Although our findings revealed a relatively low prevalence of HBsAg, the necessity of a screening test does still exist.
HBsAg, Parturient, Screening
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-234-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-234-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Effects of TNF-α on mouse morulae growth and development
42
50
FA
Forouzan
Absalan
Y
Masoure
Movaheddin
N
Sayed Javad
Moula
N
Background : With respect to the importance of embryonic growth and development and controversies regarding the effects of TNF-α in this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the role of TNF-α on mouse morulae growth and development following adding TNF-α with dosages of 0.5, 5, and 50ng/ml. Materials and Methods : The mouse morulae were obtained from superovulated NMRI mice following 78-80hours of hCG injection. They were distributed in 4 groups: control (without TNF-α), EXP-1 (TNF-α with the concentration of 0.5ng/ml), EXP-2 (TNF-α with the concentration of 5ng/ml), and EXP-3 (TNF-α with the concentration of 50ng/ml). Then, they were studied for 96 hours. Finally the role of TNF-α on different developmental phase was analyzed. Results : Results have revealed that following 96 culturing, 72.5% of control embryos hatched or were hatching. This rate for the EXP-1-3 was 44.6, 58, and 28.7%, respectively. Each group has shown a significant difference with the control group. Degeneration rate of the EXP-3 was higher than others (33.3%). Conclusion : Inclusion of TNF-α on culture medium of mouse morulae can reduce the developmental rate to hatching and hatched blastocytes . This result is more obvious when TNF-α is used with the concentration of 5ng/ml.
Mouse morulae, Medium, TNF-α
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-220-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-220-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Field evaluation of the pirimiphos-methyl as a larvicide
51
56
FA
Ali Reza
Jalali
Y
Shahrokh
Izadi
N
Hamid
Abdoli
N
Background : With respect to the importance of chemical control of malaria, the present study was conducted in order to evaluate the pirimiphos-methyl as a larvicide. In this respect, its stability, activity, and the interval between two treatments with pirimiphos-methyl were evaluated. This study was performed in artificial and natural breeding place at two villages in Kazeroon area. Materials and Methods : It was an experimental study. Having prepared the artificial breeding places, they were sprayed by concentrations of 12.5, 20, 25, 40, 50, and 80 gr/ha. Meanwhile, temphos, reldan and pirimiphos-methyl were compared in concentrations of 25, 22.5, and 25gr/ha, respectively. Bioassay test was used to evaluate the poison stability. Results: The recorded mortality rate for Anopheles larvae were 91.7, 99.7, 100, 100, 100, and 100%, respectively. Results have revealed there was a significant statistically difference between the concentrations of 12.5 and 20gr/ha of pirimiphos-methyl, however, this difference did not reach the statistical significant between concentrations of 20gr/ha and higher. Reldan has shown a great larvicide activity. Conclusion : Temphos is quite safe but expensive, thus can not be widely used. On the other hand, Reldan is not biologically safe. Pirimiphos-methyl is a versatile, easy-to-handle, broad-spectrum insecticide of low toxicity to mammals. Further studies are needed to determine the rate of degradation of pirimiphos-methyl in natural breeding sites.
Pirimiphos-methyl, Malaria, Larvicide
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-230-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-230-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Effect of education on teachers\' knowledge towards leshmaniasis in Kashan
57
63
FA
Abbas
Doroudgar
adoroudgar@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Zohre
Tashakkor
N
Background : With respect to the importance of prevention on disease process and also bear in mind the fact of leshmaniasis as an endemic disease in Kashan, teachers education could play an utmost role in the process of disease control. Thus their knowledge towards the leshmaniasis should be considered. Materials and Methods : It was a quasi experimental study. 1300 teachers had entered the pretest, among whom, 776 have continued their cooperation and took part in post test. Their knowledge was evaluated using 16 criteria. Their knowledge was reevaluated one month late r following they have received a training pamphlet. Data analysis was performed using Mc Nemar test. Meanwhile, the association between age, sex, marital status, level of education, etc with knowledge was evaluated. Results : Of 776 teachers, 462 were primary school and 314 were guidance school teachers. The level of knowledge was increased from 77.8% to 86.9%. This increment was statistically significant on all criteria. The least knowledge was towards the etiology of leshmaniasis (30.2%), however, following the training material this knowledge was improved to 61.9%. Conclusion : Training materials can be helpful to promote teachers knowledge. Similar activities are highly recommended.
Knowledge, Training
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-226-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-226-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Effects of spinal or general anesthesia on newborns’ apgar score
64
68
FA
Zahra
Farghani
Y
Mohamamd Reza
Fazel
N
Rahmatollah
Salehian
N
Ali Reza
Ebrahim Soltani
N
Background : There are controversies regarding the effects of spinal and general anesthesia on newborns’ apgar score, thus the present study was conducted on newborns delivered through a cesarean section to determine the effects of each type of anesthesia on apgar score. Materials and methods : It was a clinical trial. Parturients candidated for elective cesarean section were randomly divided in two groups. 91 parturients undertook general anesthesia and 92 spinal anesthesia. General anesthesia was performed using nesdonal (5mg/kg) and succynil choline (1.5mg/kg) and the spinal anesthesia was achieved by 2 ml of lidocaine 5%. Maternal age, the time interval between the start of operation and uterine incision, uterine incision and newborn delivery, as well apgar score of the 1st and 5th minutes were recorded. Results : Totally, 84 subjects in the general anesthesia and 90 in the spinal anesthesia group were studied. There was no significant difference between maternal age, the time interval between the start of operation and uterine incision, uterine incision and newborn delivery and the apgar score of the 5th minute (NS). Apgar score of the first minute was 8.6±1.2 and 9.1±1.1 in the general and spinal anesthesia group, respectively (p<0.01). Conclusion : Spinal anesthesia has slighter effect on first minute apgar score than the general anesthesia. Further studies regarding the effects of the epidural anesthesia are strongly suggested.
General anesthesia, Spinal anesthesia, Apgar score
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-229-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-229-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Prevalence and severity of depression in diabetic subjects
69
75
FA
Zahra
Sepehrmanesh
sepehrmanesh_z@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Hossein
Sarmast
N
Sayed Fakhroddin
Sadr
N
Shokouh
Sarbolouki
N
Background : Depression is quite a common finding in patients suffering from chronic illness specially diabetics. The present study was carried out on diabetics referring to Akhavan hospital in Kashan to determine the prevalence of depression. Materials and methods : 300 randomly selected diabetics entered this descriptive study. Initial data including sex, age, level of education, marital status, depression in family, type of diabetes, late complications of diabetes, blood sugar to be under control or not, level of triglyceride and cholesterol, blood pressure, and duration of diabetes were all recorded. Beck test was used to determine the depression and the score of 16 was set as the cut off point. The prevalence and severity of depression was determined and its related factors were analysed. Results : The study population included 78 males and 222 females. Depression was observed in 53.3% of males and 57.7% of females (p<0.05). Depression was more common among individual aged more than 40 years (p<0.0001). Meanwhile, the prevalence of depression was significantly higher among the following subjects: illiterates, with insulin-dependant diabetes, with positive family history of depression, with late complications of diabetes, insulin that was not under control, hypertriglycemics, and hypertensive subjects (p<0.0001). During the interview it was revealed that 32% of male diabetics and 47.3% of female diabetics had major depression. Conclusion : Depression, especially major depression is a common problem of diabetics. Psychological consultation is strongly suggested for at least diabetics with longer period of disease
Major depression, Diabetes, Beck test, Insulin
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-225-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-225-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Prevalence of low birth weight infants and its related factors in Qom delivery units, 2000
76
80
FA
Soghra
Karimian
Y
Mohsen
Mollamohammadi
N
Gholam Reza
Jandaghi
N
Background : Infant mortality rate is one of the most important health index in societies for which low birth weight plays the most important role. The present study was carried out in Qom province to determine this index and its related factors. Materials and methods : For this cross sectional study 1927 newborns were selected from different private and public delivery units. A questionnaire was completed and infant’s mothers were interviewed and pediatricians examined Infants. Finally, those LBW newborns were entered for analysis. Results : Of 1927 newborns, 11.8% weighed under 2500 grams, of these 47% had mothers aged less than 18 years and 10% had mothers aged more than 35 years. 51% of these infants were female. There was a significant correlation between previous history of abortion and LBW infant delivery, however, we could not find any association between maternal occupation and level of education with LBW infants. Conclusion : The high prevalence of LBW infants in Qom province is noticeable. Further studies are strongly recommended.
Newborn, Low birth weight
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-231-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-231-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Magnesium changes in migraine and non-migraine attacks
81
86
FA
Sayed Ali
Masoud
masoud_a@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Gholam Reza
Vali
N
Background : Migraine headache is one the mostimportant complaint, of patients. complaint. Totally, 4-6% of males and 3-16% of females complain of migraine. Prior investigators have shown that the magnesium level decrease during the migraine attack, thus administration of magnesium-containing tablets could of great help. Meanwhile, magnesium sulphate if administered intravenously may cease the attack. The present study aimed to evaluate the level of magnesium during the migraine attack. Materials and Methods : For this cross sectional study, subjects complaining of migraine were selected. The magnesium level was determined during the attack and during the remission phase. Initial data including age, sex, smoking habit, history of trauma, and positive family history of migraine were all recorded. Paired t-test was used for data analysis. Results : The study population included 45 females and 5 males, the most age frequency wasin 30-45 years with 68%. Previous history of trauma, smoking, stress, and family history of migraine headache were positive in 14, 10, 88, and 30%, respectively. The mean level of magnesium was 1.7 and 2.1 during the attack and remission phase, respectively (p=0.001). Conclusion : Magnesium level does decrease during the attack phase. This could open new approach in therapeutic approach.
Migraine, Headache, Magnesium
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-224-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-224-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
Pulmonary Nocardiosis and its related factors in patients with pulmonary infection in Arak
87
91
FA
Hamid
Abtahi
Y
Mahmoud
Saffari
N
Ali
Jourabchi
N
Mohammad
Rafiei
N
Background: Nocardiosis is a chronic sub acute suppurative infection that mainly affects lungs, however, other organs such as skin or central nervous system may also be involved. This is usually occurred in patients who have suppressed immune system. The present study was conducted on patients residing in Arak who have suffered from pulmonary infection.Materials and Methods: For this descriptive study 600 subjects with pulmonary infection were included. Sputum was stained using modified Ziehl-Neelson technique in the paraffin agar medium. Specimens were determined using biochemical tests including gelatin, casein, and thyrosin hydrolysis. Finally, the prevalence of nocardiosis and its related factors were determined.Results: Of 600 patients, 26 (4.33%) were revealed to have nocardia asteroides. There was no significant association between pulmonary nocardiosis and sex, age, occupation, and season.Conclusion: Since the clinical features of pulmonary nocardiosis are similar to TB and other fungal infections of the lungs, despite different therapeutic approaches, clinical practitioners should be considered this infection and try to treat it.
Pulmonary nocardiosis, Pulmonary infection, Nocardia asteroides
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-221-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-221-en.pdf
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
1029-7855
2008-9821
7
3
2003
10
1
How often do the managers use the statistics for hospital management?
92
98
FA
Mehrdad
Farzandipour
farzandipour_m@kaums.ac.ir
Y
Fateme
Rangraz Jeddi
N
Mousavi
N
Background : Employing statistics and the extend of this employment is a common problem in hospital management. The excessive amount of health care expenses, unemployment of hospital capacity, and mismanagement of available facilities have made our hospital less effective. Regarding the utmost importance of statistics in making decision in hospitals, the present study was conducted to determine how often managers employ the statistics for hospital management in Kashan city in 2002. Materials and methods : It was a descriptive study. Statistical indices were categorized in 5 groups according to the manager’s duty in the hospital. Then the managers were asked to fulfill the questionnaire. Meanwhile, a checklist was prepares to control the managers’ responses. Results : Totally, 55% of all statistical indices were used by managers. Delivery room- and operation room-related indices were used more (64%), however, mortality rate indices were used less (47%). Conclusion : Managers do not frequently used statistical indices. Needless to say, proper management is associated with higher efficacy and better implication of hospital’s facilities. It seems as if employment of expert managers is necessary and controlling systems should be applied to evaluate their activity and performance.
Hospital manager, Statistical indices
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-228-en.html
http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-228-en.pdf