@article{ author = {Talebian, Ahmad and Sherkatolabbasieh, Hamid Reza and Arbabi, Mohsen and Moosavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas}, title = {Comparison of oral versus normal- and high - dose Rectal acetaminophen for reducing fever in childrens}, abstract ={Background: According to high incidence of fever and its side effects in children and also because of different effects of drug regimens on reducing fever, we decided to investigate three kinds of adminstration of acetaminophen (aral with regular dosages, Rectal with regular and high dosages) on children whom were admitted in shaheed Beheshti Hospital in kashan in 2004.Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed among 120 patients aged 6 months to 6 years with fever (axillary temperature ³ 38 ° c). Patients divided in 3 groups. Group A (40 patients) received oral acetaminophen with dose of 10-15 mg/kg acetaminophen. Group B and C received acetaminophen rectally with dose of 10-15 mg/kg and 30-60 mg/kg,respectively. Recovery was defined as reducing axillary temperature at least 1 ° c.Data analysis was performed using Chi Square test.Results: The frequency of recovery in groups A, B and C after 1 hour of adminstration of acetaminophen was 34 (85%), 32 (80%) and 36 (90%), respectively (p<0.05). It was 37 (92.5%), 38 (95%) and 39 (97/5%) after 3 hours (p<0.001) and 10 (25%), 14 (35%) and 22 (55%) after 6 hours (NS) of administration of acetaminophen in groups A, B and C, respectively Conclusion: High dose rectal acetaminophen is much more effective in reducing fever of children in comparison of regular dose of acetaminophen, orally or rectally.}, Keywords = {Oral Acetaminophen, Rectal Acetaminophen, Reducing Fever, children}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-5}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-173-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-173-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Salimian, Mortaza and Soheili, Zahra and Goliaei, Bahram}, title = {Production of antibody against P388D1 cells}, abstract ={Background: Co-culture techniques have important role in the study of cellular interactions. The ability of distinguishng co-cultured cells facilitates evaluation of these cultures. P388D1 cells are macrophage like cells but morphologic appearance of these cells is like lymphoblasts. In evaluation of P388D1 and bone marrow cells co-culture, Different antigens on P388D1 cells surface could help to distinguish these cells from bone marrow cells. Materials and Methods : In order to prepare the antibody against P388D1 cells, rabbits were immunized by intraperitoneal and intravenous injections of these cells. After getting blood, serum immunoglobulins were precipitated in ammonium sulfate solution. Before and after each precipitation, serum protein electrophoresis was performed and protein was assayed by Bradford method. Antibodies, which had a cross reactivity with bone marrow cells were removed by several absorptions with bone marrow cells. The presence of antibodies on cell surface was detected by indirect immunoflurescence labeling technique. Complement mediated cytotoxicity of antibodies was also assayed. Results: The results indicate that this antibody solution has no detectable cross reaction with bone marrow cells, using indirect immunflurescence labeling technique, while it has positive reaction against P388D1 cells. Conclusion: By means of these antibodies we would be able to recognize or remove P388D1 cells from bone marrow cell population.}, Keywords = {P388D1 cells, Macrophage, Antibody}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {6-14}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Noureddini, Mahdi}, title = {Evaluation of the effects of intragastric peppermint essential oil on the secretion of gastric acid in male rat}, abstract ={Background: Considering the high secretion of gastric acid in peptic ulcer, its known complications and failure to previous therapeutic regimens, and also regarding history of prescribing peppermint essential oil in the treatment of gastric disorders and lack of information about interactions between peppermint essential oil and secretion of acid by parietal cells, this study was performed. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 60 male rats, species Sprague Dawley. Rats were divided in 6 equal groups. Each group received normal saline (0.9%) and menthol with doses of 0.9, 2.7, 9, 27 and 90 mg/kg by plastic cannula, respectively. Gastric secretion was extracted from pylorus. Gastric acidity was evaluated using titration by NaOH. Data analysis was performed by t-test, paired t-test, one way ANOVA and tukey's test. Results: Rate of gastric acid secretion was constant in rats received normal saline, while it increased in rats received peppermint essential oil. Peppermint essential oil with dose of 9 mg/kg decreased acid secretion from 100 to 61.1±3.8 percent at the beginning of prescribing. Increasing dose aggravated the efficacy of peppermint essential oil on inhibiting acid secretion. The maximum of effect was seen in dose of 27 mg/kg. The effect of peppermint essential oil was reversible and after washing stomach with normal saline, this inhibitory effect was disappeared. Conclusion: It seems that peppermint essential oil has dose-dependent and reversible inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion. So, it is recommended to patients with gastritis to decrease prescribing anti-secretory drugs.}, Keywords = {Gastric Acid, Secretion, peppermint essential oil}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {15-23}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-171-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-171-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, Rohollah and Almasi, Hassan and Asadi, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Fauna of aquatic insects in Kashan}, abstract ={Background: Aquatic insects are able to transit the pathogens and disturb human beings. So, this study was performed to determine the type and distribution of insects in Kashan during 2001-2002. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive study, in which 2222 larva and mature insects were collected from pools and stream habitats. After transporting to laboratory, they were diagnosed using morphologic diagnostic clues. Results: The frequency of different types of insects was as following: Diptera 55%, Trichoptera 24%, Heteroptera 8%, Ephemeroptera 7%, Coleoptera 3% and Odonata 3%. Conclusion: Considering the role of insects in transmitting pathogens and their disturbance for human beings, it is recommended further specific studies using molecular methods.}, Keywords = {Fauna, Aquatic insects, Kashan}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {24-29}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-168-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-168-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Doroodgar, Abbas and Khorshidi, Ahmad and Shajari, Gholam Reza and Tashakkor, Zohre}, title = {Bacterial infection of cockroaches in Kashan hospitals, 2001}, abstract ={Background: Cockroaches have important role in transmission and distribution of pathogen agents. So, this study was carried out to determine the cockroaches' species and their bacterial agents in Kashan hospitals in 2001. Materials and Methods: This description study was performed on 88 cockroaches of three major medical centers. Species of cockroaches, their bacterial infection, and isolated bacteria species from internal and external surface were determined. The frequency of infection in cockroaches was determined and their prevalence in cockroaches' population was estimated. Results: From 88, 83% were German cockroaches and remaining were American cockroaches. The rate of infection was 44.3%. 61.5% of German cockroaches and 100% of American cockroaches were infected with at least one species of bacteria. Internal and external infections of cockroaches were 71.8% and 28.2%, respectively. The most prevalent bacterium was Enthracoccus (36%) and Streptococcus (31%) respectively. Naghavi hospital had more infection (76%) compare to others. Bacteria isolated form internal and external levels were Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Micrococcus, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci, Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci, Pseudomonas. Conclusion: Cockroaches bacterial infection is a noteworthy problem in Kashan hospitals. Therefore it is considered the ways to reduce abundant cockroaches and their bacterial infection..}, Keywords = {Cockroach, Bacterial infection, Hospital, Kashan}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {30-38}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Matini, Sayed Mohamm}, title = {A study of clinical, Pathological and paraclinical findings in patients with IBS based on Rome criteria and its discerepancies with classic forms.}, abstract ={HISTORY AND AIM: Considering the incidence of Irritable bowel syndrome or IBS, present diagnostic tests based on Rome criteria and different pathological findings in Iran, this study.MATERIALS AND MATERIALS:This research was done clinically and paraclinically on the patients with Rome criteria more than 3 months. Firstly the suspicious patients with lactase deficiency were put aside and then FBS, ESR, BUN, CBC and stool examination for leukocytes, RBC and culture and occult blood test six times were done. The sonography of abdomen and pelvis was also conducted. The patients, then, were studied through Barium Enema with Double Contrast Method. The patients with some problems in these tests were deleted and the rest were studied through colonoscopy and several colonic biopsy. FINDINGS: Some 80 patients with IBS conditions based on Rome criteria were studied through colonoscopy and biopsy 59.5 percent of which were male and the rest female The commonest age in patients was 20-3-. Lymphocyte infiltrtion in lamina propria was reported in 96.3% and histology was normal only in 3.7% that is against the classic medical books. RESULTS: In our country (Iran), in the patients with IBS, the pathological findings in colon include lympbocytic infiltration in lamina propria, the reasons of which are:   a) Opposite to Rome criteria that implies colon pathology is normal and there is only movement disorder, lymphocytic infiltration can also be seen in patients with IBS.   b) Perhaps What we refer to as IBS in our country based on Rome criteria in medical books is part of a lymphocytic colitis.   c) Lymphocytes is lamina propria in patients with IBS is an immunological reaction to flora microbe in colon in our country.}, Keywords = {Barium enema, IBS, Rome criteria}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {39-42}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-170-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-170-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {DehghanNAyeri, Nahid and Nazari, Ali Akbar and AdibHAjbagheri, Mohsen and Salsali, Mahvash and Ahmadi, Fazlollah}, title = {Nurses views on productivity and its influencing factors: “a qualitative study”}, abstract ={Background: Nurses have the major role in care continuity and health promotion. They frequently affect total factor productivity in organization. But there is not adequate information about nursing productivity. Therefore objectives of this research are assessing nurses’ view about productivity and its effecting factors. The study conducted between the years 2003-2005 in the hospitals of Tehran university of medical sciences. Materials and Methods: We chose the grounded-theory approach for analysis of the participants' experiences and their viewpoints regarding the nurses’ productivity. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather the data. Purposeful sampling was used 26 participants were interviewed and the constant comparative analysis method was used. Results: 26 participants were consisted samples from nurses, head nurses, supervisors, matrons and nurseducators. 23% of participants were male and 77% were female with mean age of 39.8 ± 7.6 and 17 ± 7.9 years of service. Nurses defined productivity as being useful for the clients and delivering effective and high qualitative nursing care. However, they believed that their productivity is low becaues of obstacles such as staff shortness, high level of non-nursing duties, and inefficient management strategies such as dictatorial and selfish behaviors of managers. They emphasized that the manegers performance and behavior can facilitate or hinder the nurses productivity. Conclusion : Qualitative studies are apropriate for recognising the variables and the process of organizational and social conditions like productivity. nurses defined productivity as being usful for the clients and delivering effective and high qualitative nursing care. Effective management can improve productivity and enhance quality of care – essntial mission of health care organization. Qualitative studies are suggested for recognising the process behind the organizational behaviors.}, Keywords = {Productivity, Nursing, Management, Grounded Theory}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {43-51}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-166-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-166-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Farahini, Hossein and Norouzi, Masoud and Naderi, Mohamamd Nasir}, title = {Surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures by interlocking nailing}, abstract ={Background: Interlocking nailing is a surgical technique in the treatment of patients with humeral shaft fractures that can not be treated by non surgical procedures. There are controversies about benefits of this technique. So we evaluated this technique in patients with humeral shaft fracture during 2000-2004. Materials and Methods: This case series study was performed on 34 patients who operated by antigrade or retrograde nailing. They are followed up till :::union::: formation. Decreasing range of motion in the shoulder and elbow joints was classified as good (less than 10o), intermediate (10o-30o) and bad (more than 30o) scale. Data analysis was performed by sign test. Results: 34 patient (56% male, 44% female) aged between 17 and 68 years were studied. 71% and 29% of patients were operated by antigrade or retrograde nailing, respectively. In the 44.1% of patients, duration of :::union::: was less than 3 months. Good scale in the function of shoulder and elbow joints occurred in 88.2% and 85/3% of cases (P<0.01). The frequency of non :::union::: was 5.9%. Conclusion : It seems that Interlocking nailing is a safe and reliable technique in the treatment of patients with humeral shaft fractures }, Keywords = {Interlocking nailing, humeral shaft fractures}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {52-57}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-169-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-169-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Afshar, Mohamamd and Izadi, Fateme Sadat}, title = {Evaluation of the effect of teaching on blood glucose in patients with Diabetes Mellitus}, abstract ={Backgraound: Regarding the growing rate of hyperglycemia in Iran and some of its known complications, we attempted to assess the effect of teaching this matter on diabetic patients at kashan in 1380. Materials and Methods: This experimental research was conducted on 60 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus for at least on year. A Checklist including demographic and disease-related data were filled out for each patient. Then FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) and Bs (5 PM) were evaluated in three consecutive days. The characteristics and complications of diabetes and the ways of its control were taught via face to face interview during two weeks. After 3 months, again the checklist was filled out and FBS and BS (5 PM) were evaluated in three consecutive days. Data analysis was performed by McNemar's test. Results: 60 patients including 41.6% male and 58.3% female, aged between 22 and 60 years were studied. Duration of disease was between 1 and 15 years. The frequency of abnormal FBS and BS decreased from 95% to 48.3% (P< 0.0001) and from 91% to 71.6% (P< 0.0001), respectively. Conclusion: It seems that teaching diabetic patients about their illness is useful in control of disease. Further studies are recommended to find out more detailed results}, Keywords = {Teaching, Blood sugar, Diabetes Mellitus}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {58-62}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-163-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-163-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Amin, Reza and Al-Yaseen, Soheila and Rafie, Sayed Mohamam}, title = {Guillain Barre Syndrome: a 20-year study on pediatrics}, abstract ={Background: Guillian Barre Syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute paralysis. It may occurs following infection, inflammation, vaccination, surgery, and malignancies or may be idiopathic. Acute symetrical flaccid ascending paralysis begins in distal part of lower exterimities and it extends toward upper exterimities during few hours to few days. Increased cerebrospinal fluid protein and decreased nerve conduction velocity helps for diagnosis. We studied children who were admitted for GBS in Shiraz during 20 years ago. Materials and Methods: It was an existing data type study. From medical files of patients, those who have diagnosed GBS were selected. Data including age, sex, season, month, duration of admission, infections, blood pressure and clinical manifestations were recorded. Results: 78 patients were studied. Mean age of patients was 6.26 ranged between 4 months and 14 years. The most of patients were in 1-5 years old age group. male to female ratio was 1.6. There was no relatio between frequency of admission and seasons. 45% had positive history of upper respiratory tract infection during the last ten days before hospitalization. In an interesting case, the disease was occurred following kala azar. 31% had cranial nerve involvement, mostly in fascial nerve. 44% had respiratory problems and 23% need to mechanical ventilator. Swallowing and sphincter dysfunction were present in 30% and 17%, respectively. Blood pressure changes, mostly hypertenstion, were seen in 9% of patients,. Recurrence and death were occurred in 4.4% and 8%, respectively. Conclusion: Guillain Barre Syndrome is a multifactorial syndrome in which infections, diseases and enviormental factors have important role in its etiology. Due to disability and even death, Further studies is recommended to find the etiology, treatment and prevention of GBS.}, Keywords = {Guillain Barre Syndrome, Clinical manifestations, Laboratory data}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {63-68}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Sharif, Ali Reza and Sharifi, Hossein and Asadi, Mohammad Ali and Khorshidi, Ahmad and Saffari, Mahmou}, title = {The effect of Ketoconazol on the treatment of first case of fungal arthritis in Iran}, abstract ={Background: Some fungi such as Sporothrix Schenckii may rarely cause arthritis. A 36-year old woman presented with complaining monoarthritis of right knee. Sporothrix Schenckii was revealed in the joint effusion for the first time in Iran. Case Report: She received ketoconazol, 400 mg daily in two divided doses. During the treatment functional liver test and other necessary laboratory tests were evaluated every month. Results: After 8 weeks, effusion, pain and movement limitation decreased. After 2 months, some yeast was seen in microscopic evaluation of sinovial fluid. Six month after treatment, pain and swelling completely disappeared. Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, Ketoconazole is recommended as choice treatment of sporothrical arthritis.}, Keywords = {Fungal Arthritis, Sporothrix Schenckii, Ketoconazol}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {69-72}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, Roohollah and Valaie, Naser}, title = {Classification of scorpions and their diagnostic clue}, abstract ={Background: There are some defects in classification of scorpions. This review is focusing on the diagnostic clue for classification and statement of defects. Materials and Methods: Classification of scorpions has been varied during 5 years ago, repeatedly. By searching the internet, Journals' data bank and specific references, we reviewed 37 articles to design a diagnostic clue for classification. Conclusion: This diagnostic clue can be used to classify scorpions' species.}, Keywords = {Scorpion, Classification, Diagnostic Clue, Iran}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {73-92}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-167-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-167-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {ModarresZamani, Sayed Ali and Sharifi, Giv and Kamali, Rami}, title = {Role of brace in lumbar instable fracture after fixation with pedicular screw}, abstract ={Background : Lumbar and thoracolumbar fractures are among the most common fractures of spine. Some instable fractures require fixation and TLSO brace. Nowadays, pedicular screw are more commonly applied for rapid fixation and bone fusion, thus, it seems as if brace may be used less commonly. The present study was performed to determine the role of brace in lumbar instable fracture after fixation with pedicular screw in Loghman hospital. Materials and methods : For this clinical trial patients were assigned in 2 groups of with and without brace. Radiologic and clinical examination data of 1, 3, and 12 months after surgery were used to determine bone fusion. Chi square and Fisher's exact test were used for data analysis. Results : Of 56 cases with thoracolumbar fracture, 48 were fixated with pedicular screw. Falling was the most common etiology, L1 was the most common affected vertebra, and burst was the most common fracture type. Groups were similar according to demographic features. Fusion rate was 60% with brace and 58% without brace in a 3-month follow up however, it was 100% in both groups after one year. Residual back pain did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion : Brace did not influence the outcomes. Thus, patients with instable thoracolumbar fracture may not require TLSO brace following the pedicular screw surgery.}, Keywords = {Thoracolumbar fracture, TLSO brace, Pedicular screw, Fixation}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-246-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-246-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Mansour}, title = {Evaluation of mercury exposure effects on sperms by Ultramorphological and motility parameters}, abstract ={Background : Contamination of the ecosystems by industrial and agricultural pollutants has been of major recent concern. Recent rapid industrialization in developed and even developing countries and the resultant high demands for industrial products has led to heavy metals pollution. The bioaccumulation of metals in food chain and ultimately in human body could exert deleterious effects on human health and especially on sperm quality and quantity. This study was conducted to examine the morphological changes and motility parameters disturbances due to mercury exposures on fish sperms. Materials and methods : This is an experimental study on fishes' sperm. The fishes were with average weight of 1018±73 grams. The sperms were exposed to mercury with different concentration 0, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 PPM. Their effects were evaluated by ultra morphological and motility parameters. Results : The study showed that mercury concentrates had not effect on sperm, but in 5ppm or more mercury concentration, dropped of sperm tails could be observed. Motility characteristics of sperms had influenced by mercury with 0.1 PPM concentration or more. Conclusion : The results reconfirmed that mercury toxicity may be exerted via respiratory systems inhibition, thus, ultra morphological changes may not be observed in early stage. Immotile sperm and dead sperm can not swim and find the ovum to fertilize it.}, Keywords = {Sperm, Motile parameters, Pollution, Mercury}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {7-13}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-236-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-236-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Mahryar, Morsal and Mehdizadeh, Mortaza and Moghaddasi, Hesamoddein and Hosseini, Sayed Mohamam}, title = {Effects of diode laser treatment on neovascular deterioration of high risk diabetic retinopathy patients}, abstract ={Background : With respect to neovascular deterioration of high risk diabetic retinopathy patients and controversy reports of diode laser treatment effects, the present study was carried out. Materials and methods : This clinical trial was performed on 386 eyes of 224 patients. Neovascular formation was assessed around optic nerve or retina. If they were considered as the high risk group according to the DRS criteria, diode laser treatment would be achieved for 4-10 sessions. Then, patients were reevaluated and angiography would be carried out to decide whether to continue diode laser treatment. Role of diode laser treatment on neovascular deterioration of patients has been assessed on 3-month follow ups. Results : Of 386 eyes, 210 (54.4%) have shown good response to diode laser treatment. In 31.3%, vascular deterioration was incomplete, whereas 14.3% had no response (p<0.000). Conclusion : Diode laser treatment is an effective therapeutic approach for neovascular deterioration of high risk diabetic retinopathy patients.}, Keywords = {High risk retinopathy, Diode laser, Neovascular deterioration}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {14-18}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-248-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-248-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {AlavianGhavanini, Ali Reza and Mansouri, Kourosh and Elmi, Hamid rez}, title = {Normal measures of median nerve motor and sensory latency in carpal tunnel syndrome}, abstract ={Background : Despite the high incidence and prevalence of CTS, there is no exclusive data about normal values increment of motor and sensory distal latencies of median nerve at wrist according to age. This research was done in electrodiagnosis lab of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ward in Nemazi hospital in Shiraz between 1374-1379. Material and methods : This study was performed on 1200 cases that had no history of paresthesia and numbness in both hands and no history of diabetes mellitus, systemic disease, and electrodiagnosis evidence of no cervical radiculopathy or peripheral neuropathy. Tinel’s and phallen’s tests were also negative in all cases. Normal values, increment of motor and sensory distal latencies of both hands median nerves were studied and analyzed in ten age groups from 10-80 years. Results : In this study, the mean normal value for distal motor latency of median nerve was 3.3 ms (2.50-4.20ms). Increment of this value is mild (about 0.1ms per decade after 5th decade of life) and could be calculated with the following formula: DML (8cm)= (3.30+ ) ± 0.0025age. The mean normal value for distal sensory latency of median nerve was 3.2ms (2.7-3.70ms). Increment of his value is mild (about 0.1ms per decade after the 5th decade of life) that could be calculated with the following formula: DSL (14cm) =(3.20 + ) ± 0.0025age. Conclusions : It seems that age has significant influence on distal motor and sensory latencies at wrist. We recommend electrodiagnostic evaluations to be performed according to the age}, Keywords = {Median nerve, Sensory latency, Motor latency, Carpal tunnel syndrome}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-24}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-245-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-245-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Hannani, Mitra and MotallebiKashani, Masoud and Mousavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas and Bahrami, Abbas}, title = {Evaluation of workplaces heat stress for bakers in kashan city}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the heat stress-induced complications in environment with high temperature such as bakeries, we designed a study to detect heat stress on bakeries in Kashan city. Material and methods: For this descriptive study, 175 randomly selected bakers in 100 bakeries in Kashan were enrolled. To determine environment heat stress, we used WBGT instrument and WBGT indices. The measures were taken by standard ISO 7234 method in the hottest hours of summer. Variants such as baking technique, type of bakery, type of ventilation and bakery space were evaluated. Results: Of 100 bakeries, 51 used machinery technique and 49 had traditional technique bakeries. Of 175 bakers, 107 (61.1%) worked in heat stress situation. The rate of this stress was 54.2% and 45.8% in machinery and traditional bakeries, respectively. Exposed to heat in traditional bakeries were 3.3 fold more than machinery bakeries. Conclusions: We are worried about heat stress in bakeries of Kashan. This situation was more pronounced in traditional bakeries. We suggest changing traditional technique to modern bakeries.}, Keywords = {Heat stress, WBGT indices, Baker, Kashan}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {25-29}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-238-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-238-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Ebadi, Sayed Ali Reza and Afshar, Mohamm}, title = {Epidemiology of hypothyroidism in Gilan}, abstract ={Background : Hypothyroidism is a syndrome caused by the diminished level of thyroid hormones. Its prevalence has been reported 1-8% in adequate-iodine and 10-20% in low-iodine level regions. The present study has determined the epidemiology of hypothyroidism in Gilan. Materials and methods : For this retrospective study, demographic data of ELISA-documented patients with hypothyroidism were gathered during a 10-year period. SPSS soft ware was use for data analysis. Results : Of 407 patients, 84% were females. The mean age of females and males were 37.9±14.8 and 39.5±17 years. Hashimoto was by far the most common cause. Fatigue and weakness were the most common symptoms. All patients had goiter of 1st to 3rd degree. Conclusion : Results have revealed that hypothyroidism is a common complaint in 40-60 years old females. Thyroid tests should be performed in high risk population.}, Keywords = {Hypothyroidism, Epidemiology, Thyroid tests}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {30-35}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-243-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-243-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Farzadipour, Mehrdad and Asefzadeh, Saei}, title = {Surveying the principle of diagnosis recording in patients’ medical records of Kashan hospitals in 1381}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the importance of recording diagnosis in patients’ medical data for educational, research and legal and statistic aspects, we designed a study on patients’ medical records that were hospitalized in Kashan’s hospitals in 1381. Material and methods : This study was performed on medical files of 51 specialists working in Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Totally, 1071 medical records which were selected randomly, averagely 21 records for each physician, were included. We used the list of standard principle of International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). Data extracted and separated according to each hospital and clinical field. Results: Data were recorded correctly in diagnosis, orders, and external events, 87%, 77%, and 65%, respectively. The rate of diagnosis records were in its high level in Matini hospital (92%), and were in lowest range in Naqavi hospital. The rate of order records were 95% in Shahid Beheshti and in lowest range in Naqavi hospital (72.9%). The rate of principle of external events records were in highest range in Shahid Beheshti hospital (77.8%) and in lowest range in Matini hospital (50%). Conclusion: We found the rate of recording level was good. It is correlated with attention of specialist and supervisor of medical data committee of university.}, Keywords = {Principles of diagnosis record, Principles of order record, Principle of external events, Medical records}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {36-44}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-244-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-244-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {EbrahimZadeh, Sayed Ali Rez}, title = {Comparison of ulnar elongation and radius shortening in keinbock’s disease patients}, abstract ={Background: There are controversies about the surgical approach for patients with Keinbock’s disease. The aim of this study is to compare ulnar elongation and radius shortening in treatment of these patients. Material and methods : We design a clinical trial on 21 diagnosed patients with stage 2 Keinbock’s disease. We randomly separated these patients in two groups. The first group was treated with ulnar elongation and the other with radius shortening. We followed the patients radiological while physical examination for :::union::: or post operation complications was achieved. The treatment outcomes were analyzed in each group by sign test and between two groups by Fisher's exact test. Results : 11 patients underwent radius shortening and 10 were operated by ulnar elongation. Age and sex did not differe significantly between groups. Surgical approach outcomes did not show statistical significant difference between two groups but the results were better in radius shortening technique. Conclusion : Although we could not find any differences between these two groups, it revealed that the radius shortening technique has preferred outcomes to ulnar elongation. We suggest further studies with more samples.}, Keywords = {Keinbock’s disease, Ulnar elongation, Radius shortening}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {45-48}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-235-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-235-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Razi, Ebrahim and Memarian, Masoud and Mousavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas}, title = {Evaluation of spirometric indices, IgE and serum eosinophilia in asthmatic patients of Kashan}, abstract ={Background: The spirometric indices are important values in asthmatic patients. There are some reports indicating that IgE and serum eosinophilia could help to interpret spirometric status. The aim of this study was to determine spirometric indices, IgE and serum eosinophilia of asthmatic patients in Kashan. Materials and methods: 154 patients were enrolled in this descriptive study. They were referred to a private clinic and Shaheed Beheshti hospital in Kashan. These patients were examined for spirometry , total serum IgE and eosinophilic count. Patients were assigned according to 5% eosinophilia and also IgE 150U/ml. Groups were compared with t-test. Results : The study population included 76 male and 78 females with the mean age of 34.8 ± 16.8 years. Spirometric indices and serum IgE did not show a significant association (NS). FEV1 was 73.8 ± 21.6 in patients with 5% eosinophilia (p<0.01). Other spirometric indices did not show a significant association with eosinophilia status. FEF25-75% did not differ significantly between groups (NS). Conclusion : In middle-ages asthmatic patients spirometric indices do not correlate with patient's IgE status. There is a reverse relation between IgE and spirometric indices except for FEF. Further studies are strongly recommended.}, Keywords = {Spirometry, IgE, Eosinophilia, Asthma}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {49-55}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-241-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-241-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Mostafaei, Gholam Reza and Doroudgar, Abbas and Iranshahi, Leil}, title = {Hospital waste analysis in Kashan in 1380-81}, abstract ={Background : Waste materials are a matter of concern in most societies. In our country there is no documented analysis of these waste materials, thus, the resent study was designed to analyze the hospital wastes physically. Materials and methods : It was a descriptive study. Samples were gathered from hospital wastes of Shahid Beheshti, Shabih Khani, Matini, Naqavi, and Akhavan. Totally, 60 samples were gathered during the study. Then, a 50-kg sample was prepared, for which, waste analysis was performed according to different particles. Results : Totally, 15012 kg wastes were gathered. Shahid Beheshti had the highest and Matini the lowest wastes. Different particles were as follow: decayed materials 15.7%, plastic 13%, papers 5%, cloth 4.5%, glass 3.7%, metals 2.1%, and nylon 1.9%. Average monthly amount of waste for each Shahid Beheshti hospital bed was 2.9kg, for Naqavi, Shabih Khani, Matini and Akhavan hospitals were 3.6, 5.9, 4.5, and 3.7 kg, respectively. Conclusion : The monthly average amount of wastes is high in Kashan hospitals. It is worth surveying. }, Keywords = {Wastes, Hospital}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {56-61}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-247-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-247-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Almasi, Hasan and RezaeiMofrad, Mohammad Reza and Akbari, Hossei}, title = {Surveying the recyclable component rate and economical importance of Kashan solid waste material in rural household}, abstract ={Background: With respect to environmental aspects of solid waste recyclable material and its economical importance in rural region, this study was performed in Kashan rural region. Materials and method: This experimental study was performed in warm, medium and cold climatic region of Kashan, where they had solid waste collection system. 36 samples were randomly collected yearly and its recycled components and economical values were measured. Results: Research was performed in 3 rural with 7200 population. As recyclable material in Kashan rural region household consisted of 9.7 percent of total solid waste material, this material valued 300 Rials per kilogram and estimated of its solid waste per month was 108.2 ton and its collection and sanitary landfill cost was 324600 Rials. Value of recyclable material was 3352 monthly and because of non collection and sanitary landfill 320000 was saved. Recyclable in household solid waste material had 3572 thousand Rials benefit monthly and it can repair some of rural solid waste collection cost. Conclusion: Rural solid waste can be recycled and sold. We recommend this survey in total area.}, Keywords = {Recycle, Rural solid waste material, Recycle cost, Recycle income}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {62-67}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-237-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-237-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {RangrazJeddi, Fateme and Farzandipour, Mehrdad and Mousavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas}, title = {Completion rate of data information in emergency record in Kashan\'s hospitals}, abstract ={Background: Emergency department has a vital role for dealing with life and death situation. Monitoring and evaluating the quality of care issues with an accurate and adequate data information system is of utmost importance. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of data information which was documented in emergency record in two hospitals of Kashan city. Materials and Methods: In spring 2002 , this existing type data study was performed. 540 records were selected through simple random sampling. Data collection was based on legal, administrative and financial issues as well as personnel who were responsible to complete the data (physicians, nurses and administrative unit). Results: The survey has revealed that 14%, 12%, 14% of legal, administrative, and financial issues were remained undocumented. Meanwhile, 17% of admission-related, 11% of nursing-related and 17% of medical-related documents were uncompleted. The highest rate of documented data was achieved by nurses and the lowest belonged to physicians. There were significant statistical differences between two hospitals for type of issues and personal, time of discharge, external causes and orders to discharge, where the lowest elements were completed. Conclusions : The rate of documented information in emergency records of these two hospitals was comparatively good however, some documentation items such as time of discharge, recommendations in discharge would need to be improved.}, Keywords = {Documentation, Data information, Emergency record, Medical record}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {68-73}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-242-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-242-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Daneshjou, Khadije and Zamani, Ali and Hajizadeh, Niloufar}, title = {Ten years evaluation of cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric wards of Tehran’s hospitals}, abstract ={Bcakground: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is quite common. This disease has different variations in clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify the symptoms, diagnosis pathway and clinical variations of cytomegalovirus infection. Therefore, in a 10-year period children who were hospitalized or referred to pediatric hospitals of Tehran city were selected. Materials and methods : This is descriptive study was performed on 41 consecutive cases. Diagnostic criteria were rising of CMV IgG-Ab titer in two separated time with two weeks interval. Tittering methods for this specific antibody was Elisa. Demographic features such as age, sex, onset of symptoms, clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were evaluated. Results : Of 41 infected children, 71% were boys, 58.5% aged less than one year, and 92.7% had experienced the disease during their first year of life. The most common symptoms were neurological (83%), developing defect (76%), seizure (54%) and microcephalus (39%). 24.4% had positive urine culture for CMV (active disease). Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were the most common non-neurological symptoms (29.3% and 17.1%, respectively). Conclusions : CMV infection is a congenital infection which transmits from mother to children, so it is better that pregnant women in first trimester period and immature neonate wouldn’t been exposed to suspicious patient with CMV infection.}, Keywords = {Cytomegalovirus infection, Seizure, Hepatosplenomegaly}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {74-80}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-240-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-240-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Khatibi, Hossein and TavakkoliArestani, Reza and Valaei, Naser}, title = {Multiple fracture-dislocation in hip joint a case report}, abstract ={Hip fracture and dislocation is a common orthopedic complication. However, multiple fractures and dislocations is a rare event that was not found in the literature. A 28-year man referred to our unit with multiple trauma. He had the following fractures: femoral neck, subtrocantric, posterior edge of acetabulum, posterior hip dislocation as well as impaction fracture of femoral neck. He underwent an emergency operation and all fractures were fixated with cephalomedullary nails. In a 4-month follow up, he seems to be fine.}, Keywords = {Hip, Fracture, Dislocation}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {81-85}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Sadeghniat, Khosrow and PourYaghoub, Gholam Reza and Saberi, Hamid Reza and Hanachi, Pirouz}, title = {Prevalence of sick building syndrome (SBS) in employees of Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, summer 2002}, abstract ={Background: Our knowledge of diseases and maladies has been increased during the recent decades. These diseases are related to the presence of people in the buildings which may cause due to varieties of physical, biologic, and chemical (organic or inorgicic) factors. We decided to investigate one of these problems, namely sick building syndrome (SBS) in one of high administrative buildings in Tehran in summer 2002. Materials and methods: It was a descriptive study. All employees working in the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development were included. Personal complaints of mental and irritative symptoms were assessed using a combined questionnaire (Questionnaires of CCOHS-2001 and London Center Hazards-1990). The prevalence of SBS of determined and the association between human, environmental and building factors with the occurrence of this phenomenon was clarified. Results: Of 312 employees, 171 were randomly selected. There were 96 males (56.1%) and 75 females (43.9%). The prevalence of SBS was 58.7%. The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (57.3%) during the past 3 months. The most prevalent irritative symptoms were burning sensation in the eyes and tearing (25.7%). The prevalence of SBS was 46.3% in males and 72% in females (p<0.001). Feeling of low air movement (68.4%), and feeling of airless environment (59.1%, always) were the most common complaints. There was no significant association between SBS and smoking, age, different stages, and duration of employment. Conclusion: The prevalence of SBS is quite high. Disorders of ventilation system are the probable cause.}, Keywords = {Sick building syndrome (SBS), Environmental factors, Building factors}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Arab, Mohammad Reza and Sarani, Shir Ahmad and Karimi, Mehrbod and Khamari, Mohammad Rez}, title = {The study of cell surface glycoconjugate of polyp and adenocarcinoma of colon by lectin histochemistry}, abstract ={Background : Because of bad prognosis, nonspecific signs and high incidence, carcinoma of the colon is one of the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Recent studies have proposed the role of cell surface glycoconjugate in the course of neoplasia changes. These compounds are used to clarify early diagnosis, prognosis, biologic behaviour of neoplastic cells, and of course, an appropriate therapeutic approach. The aim of the present study was to identify the Gal/GalNac in cell surface glycoconjugate of polyp and adencocarcinoma of colon. Materials and methods : It was a descriptive study. Pathologic blocks of 47 patients with polyp and adenocarcinom of colon admitted to Khatam-Al-Anbia hospital in Zahedan were reviewed. Having confirmed the diagnosis, 5-7 m m sections were prepared form suitable paraffin blocks of 10 patients (5 polyp & 5 adenocarcinoma) and lectin histochemistry using PNA staining was achieved (lectin dilute 10 m g/ml in PBS 0.1 M, pH = 6.8 and alcian blue pH=2.5). Results : Results showed existence of Gal/GalNac in entrocytes of polyp cells in region of nuclei and supranuclear portion of the cytoplasm. However, cancerous cells showed the presence of this terminal sugar principally in luminal surface and intraluminal secretion of glandular components. The cell-reaction to lectin was higher in neoplastic cells than entrocytes of polyp. Therefore the existence of Gal/GalNac was confirmed in cytoplasm of entrocytes of polyp and luminal surface of neoplastic cells in adenocarcinoma of colon. Conclusion : Results have revealed that the degree and location of reactivity of cells to lectins were changed in neoplasia.}, Keywords = {Glycoconjugate, Colon, Adenocarcinoma, Polyp, Lectin}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {7-14}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-175-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-175-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {MalekanRad, Elahe and Momtazmanesh, Nader and Barkatin, Reihane}, title = {The effects of glucose, breast milk and lidocaine cream on acute pain of arteriopuncture in term neonates}, abstract ={Background: Prior studies have proposed that neonates do feel pain. Venepuncture is one the most painful procedures for neonates. There are several ways to eliminate this pain. The present study was conducted to compare the effects of glucose 33%, breast milk and lidocaine cream on acute pain of arteriopuncture in term neonates hospitalized in Shabih Khani and Shaheed Beheshti hospitals in Kashan. Materials and methods: A clinical trial was performed on 120 term neonates. They were assigned in four groups (each 30). First group underwent blood sampling without any particular treatment. Blood sampling was performed after 2cc of breast milk in the second, 2cc of glucose 33% solution in the third and application of a thin layer of 2% lidocaine cream in the fourth group, respectively. During the blood sampling process DAN score and crying period were determined. Results: The mean crying period were 65.33±45.97, 48.83±35.78, 18.60±16.65, and 24.67±23.19 in the control, breast milk, Lidocaine cream and glucose groups , respectively (p<0.0001). DAN score showed a significant difference between groups according to the Kruskal-Wallis analysis (p<0.0001). Conclusion : Both glucose solution and lidocaine cream decreased pain severity and crying period, however, due to safer state of glucose solution, it is more strongly recommended.}, Keywords = {Pain, DAN score, Crying period, Term neonate, Breast milk, 33% glucose solution, Lidocaine cream}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {15-19}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Behnamfar, Fariba and Khamechian, Tahere and Shishehgar, Monire}, title = {Diagnostic value of colposcopy for identifying precancerous lesions of cervix in patients with abnormal pap smear}, abstract ={Background: Cervical carcinoma was among the most common neoplasm of females. Screening and diagnostics tests are widely used to identify the precancerous lesions. The present study was conducted to determine the diagnostic value of colposcopy for identifying precancerous lesions of cervix in patients with abnormal pap smear referring to ShabihKhani hospital in Kashan during an academic year. Materials and methods: This clinical trail was performed on 100 females with abnormal pap smear. They all underwent colposcopy and punch biopsy. They were assigned in two groups of positive negative according to the findings of colposcopy and biopsy. Results : The mean age of the candidates was 44.6±13.3 years. Colposcopy has a sensitivity of 79.2% and specificity of 63.8%. Positive and negative predictive values were 71.2% and 73.2%, respectively the total accuracy of the colposcopy was 72%. Colposcopy has shown higher sensitivity for high grade lesions. Conclusion : Results have revealed that colposcopy could not identify precancerous lesions regardless of punch biopsy and cytology. With respect to the adequate sensitivity of colposcopy in high grade lesions, one could only rely on colposcopy findings when it reveals a high grade lesion. This screening technique is valuable for patient follow up in low grade lesions and diagnose of high grade lesion before the therapeutic approach}, Keywords = {Pap Smear, Biopsy, Colposcopy}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-24}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-177-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-177-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {KhalifehSoltani, Sayed Ahmad and Talari, Safar Ali and Valaie, Naser and Shahsenaei, Vahid and Farmani, Mahdi and Jafarpour, Mohse}, title = {Diagnostic value of cold agglutinin test in tuberculosis}, abstract ={Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease in our society for which acute diagnosis is rather a time-consuming process. Early diagnosis is of utmost importance. Cold agglutinin could serve as a diagnostic modality in patients with TB, thus, the present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of this test in patients with TB and their control group hospitalized in Shaheed Beheshti hospital in Kshan. Materials and methods: The study population included 36 cases of TB and 65 non-TB patients. Blood sample (1ml) was obtained and cold agglutinin test was achieved on bed side. Positive agglutinin test was defined as clumping of RBCs in test tube walls and graded as +1 to +4. Absence of RBC agglutinin was considered as negative test result. Finally, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) of cold agglutinin was determined in accordance to the definite diagnosis of TB. Results: The TB group included 18 males and 18 females with the mean age of 50.8 years (13-86 years), of whom, 69.5% had pulmonary TB and 30.5% had extra pulmonary TB. If strongly positive cold agglutinin test results are considered, it may have sensitivity of 44.4%, specificity of 98.5%, PPV of 94.1%, NPV of 76.2% and total accuracy of 79.2%. However, if relatively positive results (grade <+3) are considered the sensitivity and specificity may change, improving sensitivity up to 89%. Conclusion: Cold agglutinin test has an acceptable PPV for TB diagnosis. Thus, it could be used as a screening test or as a diagnostic modality in early stage of the disease or even to evaluate the success of treatment.}, Keywords = {Tuberculosis, Cold agglutinin, Diagnostic techniques}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {25-30}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Razi, Ibrahim and AbediSamakosh, Mohammad and Moosavi, Sayed Gholam Abbas}, title = {Evaluation of cholesterol and lipoprotein of pleural fluid and their correlation with pleural permeability coefficient in patients with exudative or transudative pleural effusion}, abstract ={Background : Cholesterol and lipoprotein level of pleural fluid and their correlation with serum level is of utmost importance in differentiating exudative form transudative pleural fluid. The present study was conducted in patients with pleural fluid referring to Shaheed Beheshti hospital in Kashan during a two-year period. Materials and methods : It was a cross sectional study. Light's criteria were used to differentiate exudative and transudative pleural fluid. Cholesterol and lipoprotein levels of pleural fluid and serum were determined using the standard techniques and their correlation was calculated by Pearson method. T-test and Mann-Whitney were used for data analysis. Results : The study population included 52 males and 67 females with the mean age of 63.5±15 years. Pleural effusion was exudative in 70 (58.8%) patients and transudative in 49 (41.2%). Pleural fluid cholesterol level were 29±16 and 65±25 in transudative and exudative group, respectively (p<0.001). Pleural fluid cholesterol level (transudative and exudative) depends on their serum level as well as the ratio of pleural fluid to serum protein (for exudative r=0.61, p<0.001, and for transudative r=0.62, p<0.001). Correlation coefficient of LDL, HDL, VLDL, and triglyceride of exudative pleural fluid with the ratio of pleural fluid to serum protein were 0.53 (p<0.001), 0.40 (p=0.01), 0.29 (p=0.01), and 0.29 (p=0.02), respectively. These figures were 0.48 (p<0.001), 0.24 (p=0.09), 0.09 (p=0.52) and 0.04 (p=0.79) respectively for transudative pleural fluid. The percentage of cholesterol associated with LDL and HDL in exudative and transudative pleural fluid were 90 and 89, whereas their serum percentage were 83 and 86. Conclusion : Pleural fluid cholesterol level (transudative and exudative) depends on their serum level as well as the ratio of pleural fluid to serum protein. With respect to the unchanged level of pleural fluid lipoproteins, determination of pleural fluid cholesterol level may help us to differentiate exudative from transudative pleural fluid. In exudative pleural effusion the pleural fluid lipoprotein level depends mainly on the ratio of pleural fluid to serum protein, however, in transudative state LDL level depends on this ratio.}, Keywords = {Pleural fluid, Exudative, Transudative, Lipoprotein, Pleural permeability}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {31-40}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-176-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-176-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Fattahi, Ali and Fathololoumi, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Role of acetic acid in prevention of pathogens in suppurative chronic otitis media in Milad hospital in 2003}, abstract ={Background: Suppurative chronic otitis media (SCOM) is a disease associated with tympanic membrane perforation and pus secretion. Varieties of medications have been applied as oral, local, or even IV preparations to eradicate the infection. Some investigators have used acetic acid 1% or 2% alone or in combination with other drugs. In the present study we have compare the efficacy of acetic acid over the SCOM pathogens. Materials and methods: It was a clinical trial. Samples were collected from ear secretions of 96 patients with SCOM. Isolated microorganisms were cultured in the presence of acetic acid 1% and 2%. Results: Of 100 samples, 20 microorganisms (19 pathogens) were isolated among which 16 bacteria and 3 fungi were identified. Having exposed to acetic acid 1%, 10 microorganisms, including 8 bacteria and 2 fungi, failed to grow, however, none of the aforementioned microorganisms grow following the exposure to the acetic acid 2%. Conclusion: Results have revealed that acetic acid 2% have been applied as an appropriate bactericidal and fungicidal agent in SCOM patients. Further studies dealing with the side effects of acetic acid are highly recommended}, Keywords = {Acetic acid, Suppurative chronic otitis media}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {41-44}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-178-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-178-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Talari, Safar Ali and Arbabi, Mohse}, title = {Prevalence of Iarge intestinal Nematodes of rumenant in Slaughterhouse of Kashan}, abstract ={History and Objective: Considring the role to importance economic and helth of large intestinal nematodes in domestic animals and lack of information on its Condition in lran, this study was carried out to determine large intestinal nematodes of domestic animals slaughtered of Kashan. Materials and Methods: The descriptive and randomized strategy of this study was conducted on 195 digestive tract from 80 sheep, 78 goats and 37 caws from different agricultural regions of Iran, Animal’s characteristies and microscopic findings were recorded in special form. Data were calssified and statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 195 Iarge intestinal tracts, 80 sheep, 78 goats and 37 caws were examined. A nematodes infection rate was Chabertiidae (54%) Ttrichuridae (38.5%) and oxyuridae (7.5%).  The all case in female were more frequently infected than males. The contamination rate of intestinal infection with Trichuris discolor in sheep and goats 95%, 18%, Chbertia ovina 58.8%, 62.8% and in caws Trichuris ovis 1.8%, Oesophagostomum venulosum 10.8% respectively. The contamination rate of Skrjabinema ovis in sheep 25%, goats 39% and caws 8.2% respectively. Conclusians: Due to the relatively high prevalence of intestinal nematodes in rumenants. We suggest further studies to determine the causes and decrease contamination and the role of different factors.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {45-50}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-183-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-183-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Tabasi, Zohre and Ashrafi, Zahra and Sadat, Zohre}, title = {Prevalence of manual removal of placenta and its complications in vaginal delivery}, abstract ={Background : Manual removal of placenta is a major concern during delivery. Its prevalence and complications vary in our region, thus, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of manual removal of placenta and its complications in vaginal delivery in Shabih Khani hospital in Kashan in 2002 and 2003. Materials and methods : This cross sectional study was performed on all parturients referring during the study period. Prevalence of manual removal of placenta, demographic and midwifery factors as well as complications were all recorded. Results : Of 3633 vaginal deliveries with gestational age of greater than 20 weeks, 136 cases (3.7%) referred for evacuating corpus luteum. Manual removal of the placenta was performed due to incomplete placenta or decidua formation in 111 cases (81.6%) and massive bleeding in 6 cases (4.4%). Most of the studied subjects (64.7%) were 20-29 years old, and 8.8% had gestational age of less than 37 weeks. 62 were primigravida and gravidity of ³ 3 was reported in 3 cases (9.5%). Previous history of evacuating corpus luteum was found in 12.5%, uterine scar in 0.7% and manual removal of placenta in 5.4%. Postpartum bleeding was the most common complication (12.5%). Endometriosis was found in 4.4% and uterine rupture and hysterectomy in 0.07% of the cases. Conclusion : High prevalence of evacuating corpus luteum and its complications are matter of concerns. Therapeutic and preventive interventions are highly recommended}, Keywords = {Manual removal of placenta, Evacuating corpus luteum, Third stage of delivery}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {51-57}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-182-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-182-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Mosayebi, Ziba and Fakhraee, Sayed Hossein and Movahedian, Amir Hossei}, title = {Prevalence and risk factors of low birth weight infants in Mahdieh hospital, Tehran}, abstract ={Background : Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with high mortality and morbidity in neonates. The incidence of LBW varies between societies. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of LBW infants in Mahdieh Maternity Hospital, in Tehran during an academic year. Materials and methods : In this study all the LBW infants who were delivered alive in Mahdieh Maternity Hospital in 1996 were investigated. Initial data including maternal age, gestational age, parity, prenatal care, mode of delivery, sex, apgar score, cause of admission and death were carefully recorded from medical records. Results : The incidence of LBW was 7.05%. More than half of the LBW babies were premature. The girls to boys LBW ratio was 1.3: 1. In the premature group the mother’s age range was 16-20 years whereas in the intra uterine growth retardation group (IUGR) was 21-25 followed by less than 20 years. Asphyxia and low to moderate apgar score was more common in prematures. The most common maternal risk factors were preclampsia and eclampsia, and urinary tract infection. Forty seven percent of LBW infants were hospitalized. The most common causes of admissions were sepsis and hyaline membrane disease (HMD). The mortality rate was 27.5% and the most important causes of mortality were HMD, asphyxia, and sepsis. Conclusion : The incidence of LBW was within acceptable range. Birth weight is one of the most important factors in neonatal mortality and morbidity. The most important approach to the problem of LBW is prevention. This could be achieved not only by identification of it’s incidence and risk factors but also by improving the living standards and medical care of pregnant women}, Keywords = {}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-67}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-179-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-179-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {NiliAhmadabadi, Mahdi and Farehvash, Mohamamd Sadegh and Valaie, Naser}, title = {Traumatic hyphema in 195 cases hospitalized in Farabi hospital in Tehran}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the prevalence of traumatic hyphema and its well-known complications, a thorough study should be accomplished to draw appropriate therapeutic approaches. The present study was conducted on patients with traumatic hyphema hospitalized in Farabi hospital during a four-year period (1995-99). Materials and methods: For this existing type data study, all medical files of patients with traumatic hyphema hospitalized in our center were reviewed. Initial data including sex, age, visual acuity, severity of hyphema, increased intraocular pressure, and secondary bleeding were recorded. Results: The study population included 195 patients (76.4% males and 23.6% females) with the mean age of 17.3 years. Total hyphema was reported in 61%, increased intraocular pressure (>25mmHg) was found in 44.1% and visible secondary bleeding were reported in 16.9%. Poor vision of less than 1/10 was recorded in 88.2% of the patients. Conclusion: Traumatic hyphema is more common in young males presenting with poor vision. Most of the cases were total hyphema with increased intraocular pressure. Prevention of eye-related trauma should be concerned}, Keywords = {Traumatic hyphema, Visual acuity, Intraoccular pressure}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {68-72}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-181-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-181-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Rasti, Sima and Moosvai, Sayed Gholam Abbas and Ramezani, Yadollah}, title = {Effects of health training on teachers\' knowledge of oxyuriasis and giardiasis prevention}, abstract ={Background : Oxyuriasis and giardiasis are common intestinal infections in students. Prior investigators have proposed the role of teachers in preventing these problems. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of health training on teachers' knowledge of oxyuriasis and giardiasis prevention in Kashan in 2000. Materials and methods : For this quasi-experimental study, knowledge of 256 teachers towards the nature, transmission and prevention of oxyuriasis and giardiasis was assessed before the training via a questionnaire, then, one month later, after the training, their knowledge was reassessed. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis. Results : Knowledge score of teachers' towards the nature, transmission and prevention of oxyuriasis and giardiasis prior the training intervention were 3.6±1.1, 3.6±1.2, and 3.4±1.0 respectively. These figures have changed to 4.3±0.9, 1.1±0.1, and 3.9±4.0 following the training respectively (p<0.00001). Training has increased both male and female teachers' knowledge (p<0.00001). Conclusion : Health training has improved knowledge of Kashan teachers' towards the nature, transmission and prevention of oxyuriasis and giardiasis. We recommend continued medical and health education for teachers}, Keywords = {Health training, Knowledge, Prevention, Oxyuriasis, Giardiasis}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {73-78}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-188-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-188-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Vazirnezami, Mohsen and Shabehpour, Masoud and Moghadasi, Habiballah}, title = {A review of surgical approach to pituitary tumors A new approach to sella turcica}, abstract ={Background : Surgeries of pituitary tumor and sella turcica are among the most common practice of otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons. The present article reviews the historical evolution in endoscopic approach to sellar lesions and of course, introduce a new safer and less invasive approach to sella turcica. Materials and methods : We have searched the medical literature using several keywords regarding the surgical approaches to pituitary tumor and sella turcica since 1889. The weak and strong points of each technique are highlighted and our new approach is also explained. Conclusion : We believe the new approach could significantly reduce the complications and associate with further patient's convenience.}, Keywords = {Endoscopic hypophysectomy, Hypophysial adenoma, , endoscopic approach, Sella turcica}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {79-87}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Nateghian, Ali Reza and Karimi, Abdollah}, title = {Report of 6 cases with rhinocerebral mucormycosis}, abstract ={Background : With respect to low prevalence of immunocompromised infectious diseases and their related difficulties in diagnosis and treatment, in the present study we review our experience with 3 adult and 3 infant patients with rhinocerebral mucormycosis. Materials and methods : Initial data including demographic features, clinical, laboratory and radiologic manifestations, therapeutic approach and clinical course of 6 cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis were reviewed. Three patients died and 3 improved. Conclusion : Diabetes mellitus and metabolic cirrhosis were the most common predisposing factors. Rhinocerebral manifestations were present in all patients. Biopsy was the gold standard for diagnosis and the most efficient therapeutic approach is appropriate usage of immunosuppressive agents}, Keywords = {Rhinocerebral mucormycosis, Immunodeficiency}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {88-96}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-180-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-180-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Mahram, Manoocheher}, title = {Pancytopenia following vaccination against measles and rubella}, abstract ={Background: Based on the absence of previous case report of bone marrow aplasia following vaccination against measles and rubella, the observation of one case is hereby reported. Case presentation: The patient was a 9-year-old boy, from one of the rural areas of Zanjan province, who was vaccinated against measles and rubella during the National Program for MR Vaccination. The patient was hospitalized due to skin rash after 10 days. Laboratory studies indicated the decrease of all cellular rows in CBC and aplasia of bone marrow in all cellular precursors. There was no similar case in the patient's family and no history of contact with known risk factors related to bone marrow apalsia has been recorded. The patient undertook coma owing to cerebral hemorrhage and finally died after 3.5 months. Conclusion: The occurrence of bone marrow aplasia is taken into consideration following vaccination against measles and rubella. Similar case reporting and etiologic assessment is recommended.}, Keywords = {Aplasia of bone marrow, MR Vaccination, Pancytopenia, Aplastic anemia}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {97-100}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-186-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-186-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Norouzi, Jamile and Vali, Gholam Reza and Yousefi, Hom}, title = {Surveying the effects of different methods of mutations on the antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmids in E. Coli and Staph. Aureus}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the increased antibiotic resistance specially E.Coli and Staph aureus, and the fact that the pattern of antibiotic resistance is variable in different regions, the present study was conducted to determine the effects of different methods of mutations on the antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmids in E. Coli and Staph. Aureus. Study was performed in Mahmoudieh Azad University Laboratory.Materials and methods: This experimental study was performed on 6 strains of Staph. Aureus and E.coli isolated from skin wound, urinary infection and fecal sources. Antibiotic resistance was performed by disk method. Having induced mutation via UV, adding antibiotic gradually, and dilution of medium, the pattern of antibiotic resistance was determined. Finally, the presence or absence of plasmid in these bacteria were detected by electrophoresis.Results: UV and adding antibiotic gradually induce antibiotic resistance. This also disappear number of plasmid bands in E Coli. Dilution of medium cause the bacterial colonies to expand and spread in semi solid medium, however, it did not induce any alteration in antibiotic resistance.Conclusion: UV and adding antibiotic gradually induce antibiotic resistance and disappearance of plasmid bands in E Coli rather than Staph. Aureus. This may be due to structural differences in their cells wall. With respect to the increment in antibiotic resistance during the recent years, we strongly recommend to limit the usage of some antibiotics for only critical patients.}, Keywords = {Mutation, UV, Plasmid, Antibiotic resistance}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {AdibHajBagheri, Mohsen and Salsali, Mahvash and Ahmadi, Fazlollah}, title = {The concept of professional power in nursing}, abstract ={Background: Nurses are expected to empower their clients, but they cannot do it if they feel powerlessness. World Health Assembly has recommended its member to design some programs for strengthening and promoting their nurses. The empowerment process has usually been described from an organizational starting point. In the present study, empowerment is approached from the individual nurse’s point of view. This study was achieved in nurses working in Shaheed Beheshti, Tehran and Iran Medical Science universities in 1381-82.Materials and methods: We chose the grounded theory approach for analysis the participants’ experience and their viewpoints regarding the concept of professional power in nursing. Purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews and observation methods used for data gathering. Constant comparative analysis method used to analyze the data. Data gathering did continue till the data saturation occurred.Results: The study population included 27 females and 11 males with the mean age of 40.8±8.3 years and mean period of employment of 19.3 ± 8.1 years. Five categories emerged including application of knowledge and skills, having authority, self-confidence, being supported, and unification.Conclusion: Empowerment is a multi dimensional process that is affected by personal and environmental factors. It seems that the emerged categories could use for developing an empowerment model for nurses. An experimental study is suggested for testing the results of this research.}, Keywords = {Nursing, Empowerment, Grounded theory, Knowledge, Self-confidence, Authority, Support}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {9-19}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Nafisi, Shahram and Farbod, Abdorrasoul}, title = {Effects of morphine with different dosage on pharmacodynamic alterations in patients undergoing abdominal surgery}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the known side effects of morphine and the necessity of morphine usage during surgery and also with respect to the controversies about the dosage of morphine, the present study was conducted on the patients undergoing abdominal surgery in Namazi hospital to compare the effects of morphine at the dosage of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4mg/kg.Materials and methods: This clinical trial was achieved on 82 patients with ASA class of I aged 20-50 years. Patients were randomly assigned in 4 groups. Having access the IV line 500ml ringer lactate was administered. Anesthetic-related medications were similar in all groups. The first group received 0.1mg/kg and the other groups received 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4mg/kg morphine. The effects of drug on heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was evaluated before the induction, 5, 10, and 15 minutes after the induction and results were compared using variance analysis.Results: Groups were matched according to the sex, age, type of surgery, and surgery duration. Groups did not show any significant difference in heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. During the first 10-hour in recovery room, there was not any significant difference between the groups regarding the pain occurrence. Increment in morphine dosage did not delay the pain-free duration.Conclusion: Different dosage of morphine did not influence on hemodynamic alterations. Thus, it is recommended to administer morphine at low dosage.}, Keywords = {Morphine, Hemodynamic alterations, ASA}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {20-25}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-196-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-196-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Banitaba, Sayed Mojtaba and Alaei, Hojatollah}, title = {Surveying the effect of clonidine (α2 agonist) and idazoxan (α2 antagonist) on morphine dependency in rat}, abstract ={Background: It has been postulated that there is a probable relationship between opioid and adrenergic systems. In the present study we have evaluated the effect of morphine alone and together with clonidine (α2 agonist) and Idazoxan (α2 antagonist) on morphine dependency in rat.Materials and methods: For this experimental study, 32 rats were divided in 4 groups of control, morphine, morphine with clonidine and morphine with idazoxan. Having anesthesized the rats with ketamine and rammpon, jugular vein was cannulated and rats were addicted with autoinjection method. All groups were evaluated with lever pressing during 2-hour stay in autoinjection chamber. Morphine dependency was evaluated by ANOVA.Results: There was no significant difference between the active and passive lever pressing in the control rats, however, in other groups active lever pressing was significantly more than the passive pressing. Clonidine group consumed more morphine and the idozoxan group pressed lever more actively than the controls (p<0.05).Conclusion: Clonidine decreases dependency level however idazoxan increases this dependency to morphine. Stimulatory effect of clonidine on α2 adrenergic receptors in LC nucleolus decreases the dependency to morphine, however, the inhibitory effect of idazoxan on α2 adrenergic receptors stimulate noradernaline release and increase dependency to morphine.}, Keywords = {Morphine, Addiction, α2 adrenergic receptor, Clonidine, Idazoxan}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-32}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-203-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-203-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Hejazi, Sayed Hossein and Tolouei, Sepide and Asilian, Ali and Shatalebi, Mohammad and Mostaghim, Mahyar and Sadeghian, Giti}, title = {Effects of paromomycin and gentamicine sulphate on promastigotes of Leishmania major}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the prevalence of leishmaniosis in our country and the problems occurred in the therapeutic approaches and also with respect to the previous successful reports of paromomycin efficacy in this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the effects of paromomycin and gentamicine sulphate on promastigotes of Leishmania major.Materials and methods: It was an experimental study. The base of films composed of ethyl cellulose and HPMC (hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose) containing paromomycin 15% and gentamicine 0.5%. To determine the rate and duration release from the films and its killing effects on leishmania promastigotes, a cloning system of parasite was established by using a set of modified NNN medium without liquid layer. The medium plates were divided in 3 groups, the media contain of drug films, placebo films, and media containing no film.Results: results showed no colonies of Leishmania in a 30mm radius envelop the drug films. On the other hand, grown colonies of Leishmania promastigotes were found in placebo and control plates. Frequency of dead parasites were 98% and 5% in the placebo-control plates and drug plates, respectively (p<0.000).Conclusion: Paromomycin and gentamicine drug films have good potential of drug releasing and suitable killing effects in vitro condition. It is suggested that the therapeutic effect of this new form of drug be achieved in human models.}, Keywords = {Paromomycin, Gentamicine, Leishmania, Cloning}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {33-36}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Assarian, Fateme and Omidi, Abdollah and Akbari, Hossei}, title = {Psychological and personality characteristics of young addicted subjects in Kashan, 1379}, abstract ={Background: Addiction is a worldwide problem usually affecting young adults. Different environmental, psychological and social factors may aggravate the situation. The present study was conducted to determine psychological and personality characteristics of young addicted subjects in Kashan in 1379.Materials and methods: For this descriptive study, 100 young addicted subjects aged 15-30 years were included. A demographic questionnaire as well as Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was completed for all subjects. Finally, the psychologic profile of the candidate was drawn according to his score and an interview achieved by a psychiatrist. The role psychological and personality factors were determined.Results: Anxiety(43%) and depression(34%) were the most common psychological problems followed by antisocial personality(31%) and schizoid (30%). Married subjects were more likely to develop anxiety, however, single subjects developed depression.Conclusion: With respect to the high prevalence of anxiety and depression in addicted subjects, further studies are highly recommended to treat the affected subjects.}, Keywords = {Psychological problem, personality disorder, Addict}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {37-42}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Kachuei, Reza and Emami, Masoud and Geramishoar, Mohse}, title = {Surveying the airborne pathogenic fungi in desert area of Ardestan town trip}, abstract ={Background: This study was performed to determine the type and number of the fungus species including saprophyte, opportunistic and pathogen in the salt desert region of Ardestan township in 1375.Materials and methods: This descriptive study was conducted by Petri-dish trapping technique. 9 different locations were selected (saltiferous, salt desert forest, agriculture ground, fruit garden, city space, pigeon space, ranches space, poultry space, and canal wells including wild pigeon). From the first 5 locations 75 samples and from the other 4 locations 40 petri-dish were obtained.Results: Totally, 1051 fungus colonies were counted from 115 petir-dishes. The most common fungi were peniccilium spp., cladosporium spp., aspergillus spp., alternaria spp., and yeasts. Number of fungus colonies were as follow: at the evening 45.5%, in the morning 27.7%, and at noon 26.8%. Canal wells including wild pigeons had shown to have the most variable types of fungi, meanwhile, the biggest yeast colony numbers were isolated form this location. Furthermore, 3 fungus species similar to sporothrix schenchii were isolated from this site.Conclusion: The place of sampling and environmental factors may influence the number and type of fungi in the salt desert region. The biggest fungus colonies were isolated form ranches space and the smallest from salt march regions. Meanwhile, some fungi such as peniccilium spp., cladosporium spp., aspergillus spp., alternaria spp are able to grow even in unsuitable environmental conditions.}, Keywords = {Fungus, Desert area, Air, Ardestan}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {43-50}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-198-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-198-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Ayatollahi, Sayed Abdolmajid and Mortazavi, Sayed Ali Rez}, title = {Phytochemical study of Euphorbia microsciada}, abstract ={Background: Euphorbiaceae family is a large family of medical plants, containing over 800 species. This rather important family of plants could be used in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and neuralgia. Euphorbia microsciada has not yet undergone phytochemical studies, thus, the present study was achieved.Materials and methods: It was an exploratory study. The plant was obtained form Kohak region in Qom-Kashan road. Extraction was performed by maceration in methanol. Extracts was finally dried and using silica gel column chromatography and various solvents, separation and then identification of constitutes were carried out. Techniques of NMR, Mass, IR and UV were employed for this purpose.Results: Four fractions were obtained from the extract, which were Ma7, MgIII, MgIV, and Md70. Structural determination showed the presence of linear alkane, nonacosane in fraction Ma7. In fraction MgIII, the terpenoid ß-sitosterol was identified and in fraction MgIV, cycloclarkeanol was isolated. Nothing was identified from Md70 fraction.Conclusion: For the first time nonacosane, terpenoid ß-sitosterol, and cycloclarkeanol were isolated from Euphorbia microsciada.}, Keywords = {Euphorbia microsciada, Euphorbiceae family, Phytochemistry}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-56}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Tabibi, Sayed Jalaladdin and Rabiee, Reza and Sadooghi, Farahnaz}, title = {Performance evaluation of medical record department of specialized-teaching hospitals of Iran Medical science University}, abstract ={Background: With respect to the importance of medical record as a useful tool for supervision, assessment, and planning in order to improve our system facilities, the present study was carried out to evaluate the performance of medical record department of specialized-teaching hospitals of Iran Medical Science University in 1380.Materials and methods: It was a descriptive study. Data were gathered via checklist through face-to-face interview. Performance evaluation was achieved in 4 different categories reception, coding, statistics, and archiving, each with 8-9 indices. Results: Total performance of the medical record department was 55.4%. Coding and statistics units have the best (64.2%) and the worst (50%) scoring. The least index of reception and coding units was the presence of a guideline (20%). Shaheed Heshemi Nejad and Shaheed Navab Safavi had the best and worst performance, respectively (70.5% vs. 48.8%).Conclusion : The overall performance of the evaluated hospitals was good. Preparing specific guidelines, staffing and employing graduates of medical records, implementation of continuous and regualra training courses, design of suitable software package, allocation of budget, space and equipment may improve medical record department performance}, Keywords = {Performance evaluation, Medical record, Teaching hospital}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-65}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-197-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-197-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Pourshikhan, Majid and Kazennajad, Ehs}, title = {Knowledge and attitude of Lab staff towards AIDS in Gilan}, abstract ={Background: AIDS is considered to be among the most common cause of mortality worldwide. It has no documented therapy or vaccine, however, it is preventable. With respect to the importance of the knowledge of Lab staff towards the transmission routes and preventive techniques, present study was carried out on Lab staff of educational hospitals affiliated to Gilan Medical Science University in order to survey their knowledge and attitude towards AIDS.Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was carried out 72 subjects using a self-administered questionnaire including: demographic data, knowledge assessment (27 multiple choices questions) and attitude assessment (17 questions). Data analysis was performed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, variance and t-test analysis.Results: Good knowledge towards the nature of AIDS and routes of transmission were reported in 69.4% and 55.6% of the subjects. Regarding the prevention method, 16.7% had good, 66.7% had moderate and 16.7% had poor knowledge. Positive attitude towards taking care of HIV/AIDS patients was revealed to be 91.7%. Attitude of the samples increased with knowledge improvement however, it did not reach the significant level.Conclusion: Knowledge of the subjects towards the nature of AIDS and the routes of transmission is quite acceptable however, it is desirable in preventive methods. Continuous education is highly recommended.}, Keywords = {Knowledge, Attitude, AIDS, Lab staff}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {66-72}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-201-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-201-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Rasti, Sima and Khamechian, Tahere}, title = {Frequency and cytological trichomonasis alterations in symptomatic females referring to a gynecology clinic in Kashan, 1378}, abstract ={Background: Trichomonasis is a sexually transmitted disease with known side effects. The present study was carried out to determine the frequency of trichomonasis and its cytological alterations in a group of symptomatic females referring to a gynecology clinic in Kashan in 1378.Materials and methods: For this existing data type study, all pop smear samples were stained according to Papanicolae technique and cytological alterations of trichomonasis were also determined. The possible role of age and clinical manifestation were also clarified.Results: Totally, 1010 samples gathered. Infection with trichomonas vaginalis was reported in 9.9%, where, most of the affected subjects aged 18-35 years. Trichomonatic secretion, cervisitis, and ulcer were the most common clinical manifestations. Cytological alterations were: severe infiltration (36%), perinulear areola(30%), metaplasia(30%), meganucleous(28%), parabasal cells (26%), multiple nucleolus(24%), eosinophilia(22%), cytoplasmic vaculization(22%), cytolysis(21%),nucleolus deformity(15%), and hyperkeratosis(12%).Conclusion: Great cytological alterations typically for trichomonasis such as severe infiltration, and perinulear areola may help us to diagnose trichomonasis in routine pop smear test.}, Keywords = {Trichomonasis, Cytological alteration, Clinical manifestation, pop smear}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {73-78}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-202-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-202-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Masoud, Sayed Ali and Kochaki, Ebrahim}, title = {Surveying the family attitude of a patients with epilepsy hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, 1378-79}, abstract ={Background: Epilepsy is common neurologic disorder that affects children more frequently than adults. However, wrong belief and traditions of some regions have made this as a noncurable disease. During the present study we have evaluated the family attitude of a patients with epilepsy hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, 1378-79.Materials and methods: It was a descriptive study. Having found the address of the patients hospitalized with epilepsy, we referred to their house and asked their first degree relative (father, mother, sister, brother) to fill a questionnaire including their educational level, noncurability of epilepsy, life-long usage of drugs, genetic susceptibility, and if the epilepsy is a contagious disease.Results: Of 393 first degree relatives, 81 (20.6%) have stated epilepsy is a noncurable disease. 344(87.5%) have believed that the patients should receive the life-time drugs, however, 359(91.3%) had no opinion about the drugs’ side effects. 47 (12%) thought it is a contagious disease and 221(56.2%) stated non-drug based therapy. 44.6% of females and 31.4% of males have concealed their disease. 58(14.7%) were aware of social, and individual limitations. 228(58%) believed that it is possible to receive higher education.Conclusion: Results have revealed that we are facing not only the lack of general information regarding the epilepsy but also there still exists wrong belief in this regards. We require informative data in order to improve the general population knowledge and attitude in this regard.}, Keywords = {Epilepsy, Family, Attitude}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {79-86}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-195-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-195-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Khalifehsultan, Sayed Ahmad and JafarpourBrojeni, Mohse}, title = {Effects of antibacterial gel on organism found on health care workers’ hand}, abstract ={Background: Nosocomial infections are quite common with known complications and its related high mortality and morbidity rate, meanwhile, there exists problems with hand washing with water and soap. Antibacterial gels have recently introduced to our market. The producer factory believes that it can simply substituted the water and soap. Thus, the present study was conducted on skin culture of shaheed Beheshti hospital staff before and after the usage of antibacterial gel in 1380.Materials and methods: For this study 59 staff were included. Sampling was achieved according to the simple randomization. First of all a sample was obtained, then, 5 minutes following the application of antibacterial gel (Darougar Co)another sample was obtained. Samples cultured on BA and EMB media and the frequency of microorganisms and the efficacy of gel were determined.Results: The most frequent pathogens were coagulase-negative staph.(72.9%), coagulase-positive staph. (30.5%), bacillus (22%), klebsiella (10.2%), streptococcous (3.4%), and E Coli. (1.7%). The percentage of organism reduction following the usage of antibacterial gel were 90.7% for coagulase-negative staph (p=0.00) and 66.7% for coagulase-positive staph. (p=0.005). This reduction was 100% for klebsiella and E.Coli, but 50% for Strep.Conclusion: Since skin is a routine source of infections transmission, and with respect to the satisfactory results of antibacterial gel in this regard, we recommend the usage of antibacterial gel for hospital staff before and after touching their patients.}, Keywords = {Antibacterial gel, Nosocomial infection}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {87-94}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Sooki, Zahra and Sharifi, Khadije and Tagharrobi, Zahra and Khadem, Zahr}, title = {Association between the maternal BMI and infants’ growth during the first 4 months}, abstract ={Background: Low-weighed mothers’ attitude towards the lack of their milk for breast feeding is one the most important causes of unsuccessful breast feeding. Meanwhile, prior investigators have raised controversies regarding the association between maternal BMI and infant’s growth. Thus, the present study was carried out on low- and moderate- weighed mothers and their infants to determine the association between the maternal BMI and infants’ growth during the first 4 months in Kashan in 1376-77.Materials and methods: This cohort study was conducted on infants of low weighed mothers (BMI<19.8 as the case group) and infants of normal weighed mothers (19.8<BMI<26, as the control group). Both groups received breast feeding. Growth pattern including weight, height, head circumference, and arm circumference was evaluated and analyzed by chi-square.Results: The study population included 75 cases and 75 controls with the mean birth weight of 3257.27±421 and 3286.2±455 gr. Their mean age was 5362.8±606.4 and 5497.8±621.27 gr after 2 months and 6793.2±682.4 and 7004±762.4 gr after 4 months, respectively (NS). We have not found any significant association in height, head and arm circumference between the two groups. Conclusion: Low weight of mothers does not have any influence on physical infant’s growth. Further studies with bigger sample size and greater duration (the first 2 years) is strongly recommended.}, Keywords = {BMI, Breast feeding, Physical growth}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {95-100}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-204-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-204-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Motamedi, Batool and SoltanAhmadi, Zila and Nikian, Yadollah}, title = {Effect of premarraige counseling on girls’ knowledge}, abstract ={Background: Having healthy children is parents’ ambition. Having an ill infant with congenital and genetic disorders may be associated with lots of problems. Holding premarraige classes for girls is one of the most important duties of health care centers. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of premarraige counseling on girls’ knowledge in Kerman city.Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study of before and 2-8 week-after the counseling was carried out on 116 randomly selected girls attending the premarriage classes in Kerman. Having confirmed the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, personal characteristics and phrases assessing the girls’ knowledge were asked. It was composed of 4 separate parts (anomaly prevention, prenatal care, birth control, and breast feeding) each applied to 6 phrases with highest and least of mark 6 and 0. Paired t-test was used for data analysis.Results: The mean age of the subjects was 22.1±4.2 years. The girls’ mean knowledge mark before and after the counseling was 3.9±0.1 and 4.6±1 for anomaly prevention, 4.3±1.2 and 4.6±1.1 for prenatal care, 2.4±1.7 and 3.9±1.6 for birth control, and 3.7±1.7 and 4.4±3.7 for breast feeding, respectively (p<0.00).Conclusion: Premarriage counseling does influence on girl’s knowledge. Special attention should be paid to prenatal care and birth control.}, Keywords = {Premarriage counseling, Girl’s knowledge, Kerman}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {101-107}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2004} }