@article{ author = {Eizadi, Mojtaba and Ravasi, Ali Asghar and Soori, Rahman and Baesi, Kazem and Choubineh, Sirus}, title = {Effect of three months aerobic training on TCF7L2 expression in pancreatic tissue in type 2 diabetes rats induced by streptozotocin- nicotinamide}, abstract ={Background: Although less is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for its genetic compatibility, regular training is identified as a non-pharmacological treatment for obesity and type-II diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effect of a 3 months aerobic training on pancreatic TCF7L2 expression and glycemic profile in type II diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, type II diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats (n=16, weight: 220±30 g) by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin- nicotinamide. Animals were randomly divided into Exercise (n=8) and Control (n=8) groups. Exercise group, but not Control group, was completed a 3 month aerobic training (3 sessions/week). Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session, the relative expression of pancreatic TCF7L2, fasting glucose and serum insulin were measured in two groups. Results: Compared to Control rats, exercise resulted in a significant decrease in fasting glucose in Exercise group (P=0.001). Serum insulin was increased significantly by aerobic training in Exercise group compared to Control one (P=0.014). However, pancreatic TCF7L2 expression   did not change by aerobic training (P=0.876). Conclusion: Based on these data, while we concluded that a long-term aerobic training effectively improves the glycemic profile and insulin concentration of type II diabetic rats, such improvements cannot be attributed to TCF7L2 expression in pancreatic tissue.}, Keywords = {TCF7L2 Gene, Pancreas, Rat induced diabetes, Streptozotocin/nicotinamide, Aerobic training }, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3274-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3274-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Motamedi, Hosein and Zahedi, Elnaz and Zarei-MahmoudAbadi, Ali}, title = {Optimizing conditions for the production of antifungal agents using the native Bacillus cereus SB15}, abstract ={Background: With regard to the occurrence of fungal infections, finding new antifungal agents is necessary. Due to its biologic properties Bacillus spp. are suitable sources for this purpose. The aim of this study was to find native bacillus species with potential of antifungal agent production. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, bacillus species were isolated from heat-treated soil samples and following culturing in TSB, anti-fungal effects of their supernatants were determined by disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) levels of the selected strains were obtained against two fungal pathogens. Growth curve of the isolate was obtained in different pH and temperatures. The effects of pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources on antibiotic production by the isolate were also investigated. This isolate was identified through biochemical and molecular tests. Results: Three out of six bacillus isolates were able to produce the antifungal agents, among them Bacillus cereus strain SB15 showed the most significant antifungal effects against a wide range of fungi. Optimized conditions for antibiotic production by this isolate were: temperature=37˚C, pH=7, 48 h incubation and manitol and urea as the best carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The MIC and MFC of the produced antibiotic against Aspergillus niger were: 2 and 4 and against Aspergillus flavus 4 and 16 mg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results it may be concluded that this bacillus strain has optimum potential for antifungal agent production. The strain can be used for the control of fungal infections and also fungal growth in food industry and environment.}, Keywords = {Antifungal agents, Bacillus, Antibiotic, Optimization, Antibiotic resistance}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {9-18}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3294-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3294-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Noureddini, Mehdi and Dehghan-Sheibani, Masoumeh and Alani, Behrang}, title = {Effect of aqueous extract of mango kernel (Mangifera Indica) on basal activity of virgin rat uterine smooth muscle: role of muscarinic receptors}, abstract ={Background: Mango belongs to the Anacardiaceae and the extracts from its stems, leaves, fruit and kernel are reported to affect smooth muscle contractility. We studied the role of   cholinergic muscarinic receptors for the effects of aqueous extract of mango kernel (Mangifera indica) on the basal activity of virgin rat uterine smooth muscle. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, mid-sections (n=24) of the uterine of healthy virgin rats were placed in an organ bath containing carbonated Tyrode’s solution under 1 g tension. The cumulative effects of the aqueous extracts of mango kernel (0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 200, and 2000 μg/mL) or extract vehicle (Tyrode’s solution) in the presence or absence of atropine were examined by isometric method using the strength, frequency and contractile activity of uterine smooth muscle. Results: The cumulative concentrations (0.002-20 µg/ml) of mango kernel aqueous extract was significantly decreased the strength, frequency and contractile activity of uterine smooth muscle, but the contractile activity was returned to the basal level at the concentrations of 200 and 2000 µg/ml. Atropine (1 µM) could not significantly change the effects of cumulative use of extract on the strength and contractile activity of uterine smooth muscle, but it significantly enhanced the contractile frequency at low concentrations. Conclusion: The effects of aqueous extract of mango kernel on the activity of the uterine smooth muscle might not be through cholinergic muscarinic receptors and atropine could enhance the effects of the extract on frequency through other receptors.}, Keywords = {Aqueous extract, Mango, Muscarinic receptors, Uterine smooth muscle, Rat}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-27}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3276-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3276-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Sadeghi, Morteza and Hojati, Zohreh}, title = {Evaluation of anticancer peptide VEGF111b secretion in HEK293 human cells}, abstract ={Background: VEGF111b is a new isoform of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) recently considered as a new anticancer drug. The aim of this study was to evaluate the VEGF111b secretion from HEK293 cell wall in order to commercial production of this recombinant factor. Materials and Methods: After the design of VEGF111b sequence using OLIGO software and NCBI gene bank data, it was cloned into the pBUD.cE4.1 vector. The pBUD.VEGF111b recombinant vector was transfected into HEK293 cells using lipofectamine kit. Forty-eight hours after the transfection the production of VEGF111b was estimated by Western blotting and Human anti VEGF antibody. The VEGF111b secretion   into cell culture and cell lysate extract was measured using ELISA.   Results: The correct cloning of VEGF111b into pBUD.cE4.1vector was confirmed using enzymatic digestion and gel electrophoresis. The observed production of recombinant peptide in HEK293 was confirmed with 12KDa band in cell lysate extract of Western blotting. The ELISA results at 450 nanometer absorbance for cell culture media and cell lysate extract were 19.20±2.81 pg/ml and 32.87±7.42 pg/ml, respectively. However, no VEGF111b expression was observed in negative controls. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the powerful ability of   transformation and secretion of VEGF111b from HEK293 cell  wall to cell culture media with no breaking and proteolytic digestion. It seems that the commercial production and purification of this therapeutic peptide from HEK293 cell culture would be possible with high efficiency.}, Keywords = {Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Secretion, HEK293}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {28-34}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3277-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3277-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mokhtari, Samira and Hosseini, Seyyed Masud and Mohebbi, Seyyed Reza and Azimzadeh, Pedram and Zali, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Association of Interleukin-27 gene rs153109 polymorphism and chronic hepatitis B infection}, abstract ={Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO) report about 400 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Host immune responses which are mainly controlled by cytokines, can be either effective in disease progression or control the infection. Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which promotes Th1 responses. Genetic variations (e.g. single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) can affect the product or activity of IL-27 gene. The aim of present study was to determine the association between IL-27 rs153109 and chronic HBV infection among the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: In this study chronic HBV patients (n=120, Anti-HBc Ab positive and HBsAg positive for more than 6 months) and controls (n=120) from healthy individuals referred to Tehran Taleghani hospital (2013-2014) were studied. Genotypes of IL-27 gene polymorphism were detected by PCR-RFLP. DNA sequencing was applied on 10% of samples to validate the genotyping results. The studied variables were polymorphism genotypes/alleles, clinical status, age and gender. Results: Results showed no statistically significant difference for patients and control groups   neither in genotype frequencies of AA among the chronic group (30%) compared to healthy controls (32.5%) (P=0.368); nor in allele frequency A) 60.4%) for patients against A 59.2% in control groups (P=0.780). Conclusion: Despite the importance of IL-27 in the immune response, the findings of this study suggests that genetic variants of IL-27 SNP 153109A/G were not associated with susceptibility to the chronic infection of HBV.}, Keywords = {Chronic HBV infection, IL-27, SNP, rs153109}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {35-41}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3280-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3280-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kiany, Farin and Montaseri, Hashem and Adibi, Sadaf and Golshah, Masoud and Golshah, Sab}, title = {Effects of local alendronate sodium gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on smokers with chronic periodontitis: a pilot study}, abstract ={Introduction: Chemical treatments for the modulation of host response are applied along with mechanical modalities as adjunctive to periodontal treatment. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of locally-delivered alendronate sodium gel in adjunction to scaling and root planning on periodontal indices and bone formation within vertical  defects of smokers with chronic periodontitis. Methods and Materials: In this study vertical defects (n=8) with depth>5 mm have been investigated. After performing the phase I of periodontal treatment, alendronate sodium gel (1%) was applied into the periodontal pockets. The whole procedure was repeated after 4 weeks. Periodontal indices (plaque and bleeding), probing depth, gingival recession, and radiographic parameter (depth of bony defect) were measured at the beginning and following 6 months. Results: Compared to pre-treatment, the probing depth, radiographic depth of bony defect and bleeding and plaque indices were significantly reduced by local application of alendronate sodium gel (P=0.026; P=0.012 and P=0.007 respectively). Gingival recession showed significant increase (P=0.011). Conclusion: Local alendronate sodium gel (1%) plays an important role in the improvement process of periodontal indices and bone formation within vertical bony defects of smoker patients with chronic periodontitis.}, Keywords = { Chronic periodontitis, Alendronate, Periodontal index, Alveolar bone resorption, Cigarette smoking}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {42-50}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3281-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3281-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mousavian, Mohadeseh Sadat and Raygan, Fariba and Taghadosi, Mohsen and Moravveji, Seyyed Alireza and Mazochi, Maji}, title = {Effect of garlic on plasma homocysteine level in ischemic heart disease patients}, abstract ={Background: Decreasing the high homocysteine level of serum as one of the risk factors of cardiovascular disease can reduce the occurrence and complications of myocardial infarction. Garlic is identified as one of the main decreasing factors of high homocysteine level. So this study was carried out to determine the garlic effect on high homocysteine level in ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients. Material and Methods: This observational study was carried out on IHD patients (n=60) attended to heart clinic of Kashan (Isfahan, Iran). Two equal groups of patients (n=30) were administered with 800 mg garlic pills daily for 6 weeks (equvalent to 4gr fresh garlic) and placebo for 6 weeks, respectively. Before and after the  intervention the plasma homocysteine, high density lipoproteine (HDL), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoproteine (LDL) levels were measured using the ELISA) technique and TG, HDL and enzymatic techniques, respectively.     Results: The mean age of patients was 60.6±10.1 with 39 male (65%) and 21 female (35%). At the end of study the mean plasma homocysteine level was decreased from 4.6 mol/µl to 4.4 mol/µl; while in placebo group it increased from 4.5 mol/µl to 4.6 mol/µl. However, for the comparison of the effects two drugs on homocysteine, TG, HDL and LDL level, as the confounding factor, no significant difference was seen.   Conclusion: A daily garlic use of 800 mg for 6 weeks has no effect on serum   homocysteine and lipids levels. The topic requires further research in future.}, Keywords = {Garlic, Homocysteine, Serum lipids, Ischemic heart disease}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-56}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3283-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3283-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Teimouri, Nahid and Nayeri, Hashem}, title = {Evaluation of multiple-scoring system for non-alcoholic fatty liver patients based on CK18 levels, lipid profile and liver enzymes}, abstract ={Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease is usually associated with conditions such as steatosis, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Liver biopsy, which is the reference, gold standard and invasive method for the diagnosis of the disease may have complications. Scoring systems are among the noninvasive diagnostic methods. Numerous noninvasive scoring systems based on routinely measured clinical and laboratory parameters were provided that identifies the steatosis and advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. In this study, several scoring system in patients with NAFLD were evaluated. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out on sonographically established NAFLD (n=51) patients and  healthy individuals (n=30). Anthropometric factors, biochemical tests and CK-18 fragment levels were evaluated. Then the scores for hepatic steatosis index, fatty liver index, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to platelets ratio index (APRI) were calculated. In addition, the BARD and (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) scores were calculated. Results: In this study, as expected, except for FIB-4, there was no significant difference  between the two groups. Conclusions: Scoring systems examined in this study can help to predict the presence or absence of fibrosis and NAFLD or NASH.}, Keywords = {Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, Cytokeratin 18, Scoring system}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-65}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3295-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3295-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mohammadyan, Mahmoud and Keyvani, Sepideh and Yazdani-Charati, Jamshid and Bahrami, Abbas and Yousefi-Nejad, Razieh}, title = {Indoor and ambient air concentrations of respirable particles between two hospitals in Kashan (2014-2015)}, abstract ={Background: The hospital environment requires special attention to provide healthful indoor air quality for protecting patients and healthcare workers against the occupational diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of respirable particles   indoor and ambient air of two hospitals in Kashan. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 3 months (Marth 2014 to May 2015). Indoor and outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were measured four times a week in the operating room, pediatric and ICU2 (Intensive Care Unit) wards using a real time dust monitor at two hospitals. A total number of 480 samples (80 samples indoors and 40 outdoors) from wards were collected.   Results: The highest mean PM2.5 and PM10 for indoors were determined 57.61± 68.57 µg m-3 and 212.36±295.49 µg m-3, respectively. The results showed a significant relationship between PM2.5 and PM10 in the indoor and ambient air of two hospitals (P<0.05). PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were different in all of the selected wards (P<0.05). Conclusion: The respirable particle concentrations in the indoor and ambient air in both hospitals were higher than the 24-hours WHO and US-EPA standards. Thence, utilizing sufficient and efficient air conditioning systems in hospitals can be useful in improving indoor air quality and reducing the respirable particle concentrations.}, Keywords = {PM2.5, PM10, Indoor air, Hospital}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {66-73}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3284-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3284-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Tavakol, Marzieh and Momtaz, Has}, title = {Determination of antibiotic resistance profile in Klebsiella pneumonia strains isolated from urinary tract infections of patients hospitalized in Peyambaran hospital (Tehran-Iran)}, abstract ={Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second prevalent infection in human  mostly caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile and detect the prevalence of antibiotic resistance encoding genes in K .pneumoniae isolated from UTI. Materials and Methods: Fifty K. pneumonia strains isolated from 122 UTI samples of hospitalized patients in Payambaran Hospital (Tehran, Iran) which were subjected to this study (2014) were confirmed by standard biochemical tests. Isolates were tested for susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial drugs by using disk diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance encoding genes frequently include the aadA1, aac(3)-IV, sul1, blaSHV, Cat1, cmlA, tetA, tetB, dfrA1, CITM, qnr in isolates were determined by  PCR.   Results: The highest antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates were for Tetracycline and the lowest   resistance (2%) for Gentamicin and Imipenem. To determine the frequency of antibiotic resistant genes, 64% and 4% of isolates had tetA and Gentamicin-(aac(3)-IV)  resistant genes, respectively. Conclusion: Frequency of antibiotic resistance encoding genes may have important and basic role in the occurrence and transfer of antibiotic resistance which can be due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics.  }, Keywords = {Urinary tract infection, Klebsiella pneumonia, antibiotic resistance profile}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {74-82}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3286-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3286-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Asghar and Shahabi, Seyyed Rohollah}, title = {Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on state/trait anxiety and quality of life in women with obesity}, abstract ={Background: Obesity affects the cognitive, emotional and behavioral functions and usually produces mood and anxiety disorders. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on promoting quality of life and decreasing anxiety among the obese women. Materials and Methods: In this pre-post-test designed experimental study with a 2 mouth follow- up, 24 obese women (BMI≥30) were randomly selected in the Obesity Treatment Center in (Tehran, Iran) and assigned in Experimental and Control groups. Data were collected using the questionnaires of anxiety of Spiel-Berger (1970) and quality of life of Viyear (1988). The MBSR interventions of Kabat-Zinn were performed for experimental group in 8 sessions, followed by the assessment of anxiety and quality of life. Results: The pre- post-test and follow- up scores for quality of life of participants in MBSR program, in terms of general health; physical limitations; physical function; social function; state anxiety and trait anxiety were: (7.66±0.88, 9.50±1.67, 9.58±1.66); (22.83±1.58, 27.91±1.16, 27±1.53); (4.50±0.67, 6.16±1.11, 5±0.95); (2.91± 0.28, 5.91±0.66, 5.75±0.38); (52.25±3.51, 43.08±2.39, 44±2.29) and (68.08±1.78, 46.75±1.71, 47.25±2), respectively. The scores of quality of life was significantly increased in participants in MBSR compared to the Control group (P<0.01). In addition, the scores of state and trait anxiety were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: The results of research provide some evidence to suggest that MBSR is an appropriate therapy for promoting quality of life and decreasing anxiety in obese women.}, Keywords = { Mindfulness, Anxiety, Quality of life, Obese}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {83-93}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3285-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3285-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Tartibian, Bakhtiar and Ebrahimi-Torkamani, Bahm}, title = {The effect of a 12 week plyometric and soccer training on the cardiac structure and function among the 13-15 years old boys}, abstract ={Background: Exercise plays an important role in improving cardiovascular function. Due to the increasing tendency of children to the soccer the purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a 12 week plyometric and soccer training on the cardiac structure and function of healthy 13-15 years old boys.   Materials and Methods: This quasi- experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test design. The participants (n=20) were selected among the non-athletic healthy boys (13-15 years) from Miyaneh (East Azerbaijan, Iran). After taking informed consent the participants were voluntarily participated in two equal Training and Control groups. The participants in the Exercise group performed a 12 week plyometric and soccer training. Under basic conditions and after a 12 week follow-up using the echocardiography both groups were examined for left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD), left ventricular end diastolic posterior wall dimension­ (LVPWd), inter-ventricular septal end diastolic dimension (IVSd), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF) and cardiac output (CO). Results: After a 12 week training program the LVEDD, LVPWd and SV were significantly increased (P<0.05).  The EF in the Exercise group had no increase. Moreover, LVESD and IVSd were similar in both groups.  Conclusion: A twelve week plyometric and soccer training in 13-15 years old boys result in significant changes in some cardiac structural and functional indexes.}, Keywords = {Cardiac structure, Cardiac function, Plyometric training, Football, Boys}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {94-101}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3287-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3287-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Shiasi-Arani, Kobra and Moravveji, Seyyed Alireza and Najarzadeh, Por}, title = {Frequency of catch up growth in small for gestational age infants born in Kashan during 2009-2010}, abstract ={Background: Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are at risk for low final height or weight. This study aimed to determine the frequency of catch-up growth in SGA infants. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out to study the infant’s growth process born in Kashan during 2009-2010. The infants with birth weight or height below 3 percentile were considered as SGA. A comprehensive history from mother’s diseases during pregnancy, birth grade, and parent’s education were provided. The children who achieved their height or weight for length above the 3th percentile (age<2 year) or BMI above the 5thpercentile (age≥2 year)  were considered as those who caught up growth. Results: One-hundred fifty one children were included in the study (mean birth weight =1931 gram, birth height=43.63 cm and gestational age=36.28 week). Eighty-five children (56.3%) were female. At the time of study, 116 (76.8%) children were above the 3rd percentile for height; 124 (82.1%) children were above the 3th percentile of weight for length or above the 5thpercentile for BMI; 20 (13.2%) children were below the third percentile for height and weight. The mean corrected age at the time of catch-up was 1.08 and 1.41 year for weight and height, respectively. Catch-up growth was associated with higher weight, height and head circumference at birth. Conclusions: The failure to weight or height catch-up growth in children born with SGA is common. Therefore, the early recognition and referral of such children is a necessity.}, Keywords = {Growth, Children, Small for gestational age, Infant}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {102-109}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3288-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3288-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Yazdani, Marzieh and Edalatmanesh, Mohammad Amin and Rafiei, Samaneh}, title = {Ameliorative effect of lithium chloride on working and spatial memory deficit in a PTZ-induced seizure model}, abstract ={Background: The repetitive seizure attacks lead to widespread neuronal damage and cognitive deficit, e.g. memory and learning impairment. The single or repeated administration of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) can induce seizure in rat. This study evaluates the neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride (LiCl) on PTZ-induced working and spatial memory deficit. Materials and Methods: To induce the PTZ-kindling model, repeated doses of PTZ (40mg/kg/BW/ip) were injected for 5 consecutive days. After observing five stages of seizure, the PTZ+Li20, PTZ+Li40 and PTZ+Li80 groups received 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/BW of LiCl, respectively and the PTZ+Saline group, received Saline for 14 days. The Morris water maze (MWM) and Y maze tests were conducted in order to investigate the spatial and working memory.  Results: Compared to Control group, the PTZ+Saline group showed a decrease in alteration behavior in Y maze and an increase in latency time and distance to hidden platform in MWM. LiCl-treated rats, especially in the lowest dose, showed a significant higher alteration behavior in Y maze and the lower latency time and distance to hidden platform in MWM than the PTZ+Saline group.   Conclusion: The neuroprotective effects of LiCl can ameliorate the spatial and working memory impairment in a PTZ-kindling model.}, Keywords = { Seizure, Cognitive disorders, Lithium, Rat}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {110-117}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3339-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3339-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghotbeddin, Zohreh and Fatemi-Tabatabaei, Seyyed Reza and Tabandeh, Mohamad Reza and Mirzabeigi, Mohsen and Badripour, Nima and Amiri, Rezv}, title = {Effect of crocin on inhibitory avoidance memory, balance and explorative behaviours following cisplatin administration in rat}, abstract ={Background: A lot of studies indicate that cancer chemotherapy results in memory and motor impairment immediately following therapy. On the other side, crocin as the chemical constituent isolated from the Saffron is effective on memory and motor impairement. In this study, the effect of crocin on memory and motor impairment induced by cisplatin injection was studied in adult male rats.  Materials and Methods: In this study, male Wistar rats (n=50) were divided into 5 groups: Control, Sham, Cisplatin (2 mg/kg/week for 21 days), Crocin (30 mg/kg for 21 days) and   Cisplatin+Crocin. Sham group was administrated with Saline. Then, inhibitory avoidance memory, balance and exploratory behaviors were assessed by shuttle box, rotarod and open field apparatus, respectively. Results: Crocin improved memory impairment induced by cisplatin (P<0.01). Cisplatin also impaired balance in rotarod test. Rearing frequency and total distance traveled in open field test were significantly decreased (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively) compared to Control group. Conclusion: We conclude that crocin injection following the use of anticancer drugs (e.g. cisplatin) might have a protective effect against the cisplatin-induced impairement in cognitive function, balance and explorative behavior.}, Keywords = {Crocin, Cisplatin, Passive avoidance memory, Motor activity, Rat }, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {118-125}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3345-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3345-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Pordel, Mehran and Baharara, Javad and Amini, Elaheh}, title = {Cytotoxic and antioxidant effect of chrysin on neonate mouse spermatogenic stem cells}, abstract ={Background: So far, many plants have been used for the treatment of infertility. Several studies have revealed that chrysin (as an active metabolite) improves animals' reproduction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chrysin on Balb/C mice spermatogenic stem cells.  Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study Balb/C neonate spermatogonia stem cells cultured in DMEM-F12 medium were treated with various concentrations of chrysin (2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 µg/ml) for 6 and 12 days. Then the cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT, Akredin orange/Propodium Idid, DAPI and antioxidant concentration DCF-DA tests. Results: Chrysin showed no remarkable cytoxicity in concentrations less than 5 µg/ml. While, after 6 days the viability of cells treated with chrysin 10, 20 and 40 µg/ml  was decreased to  30, 45 and 56 %  (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectiely); after 12 days the viability of cells was decreased to 44, 56 and 65 % (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectiely). DCF-DA results revealed a 80 % antioxidant capacity of chrysin in 5 and 2.5µg/ml concentrations. Conclusion: Lower concentrations of chrysin has protective effect on Balb/C mice spermatogenic through improving cell viability, decreasing cells apoptosis and inhibiting free radicals.}, Keywords = {Chrysin, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Infertility, Spermatogenic stem cells}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {126-133}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3346-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3346-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Arbabi, Mohsen and Pestechian, Nader and TavasolKhamseh, Hadi and Hooshyar, Hosein and Delavari, Mehdi}, title = {Molecular and genotyping identification of Echinococcus granulosus from camel and dog isolates in Isfahan, Iran (2015-2016)}, abstract ={Background: Hydatidosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Given the importance of parasite genotyping in disease control, this study was aimed to evaluate the genetic variation of the camel and dog isolates in Isfahan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on infected livers and lungs of camels with hydatid cyst (n=51) during 2015-2016, collected from Zarinshahr and Najafabad industrial abattoir and 200 adult  E. granulosus worms collected from stray dogs in different geographical regions of Isfahan for the molecular identification of mitochondrial genes (CO1, ND1). The DNA of protoscolices and adult worms were extracted, the PCR and sequencing were done using specific primers. Pairwise sequence alignment was used to identify the genetic similarity between the sequences and the registered ones in Gen bank   using Clustalw2 software. Results: The  PCR and sequencing of CO1 and ND1 genes on dog and camel samples showed different E. granulosus genotypes, including the common sheep strain (G1), bovid strain(G3) and camel strain (G6) in Isfahan region. The most frequent strains were the common sheep strain (G1). The genetic similarity between both ND1 and CO1 isolates taken from camel, dog and the isolates registered in Gene bank were 30.25-100% and 27.47-100% for camel and dog, respectively. Conclusion: Mitochondrial ND1 and CO1 genes are proper molecular markers for identifying the genetic variation of the camel and dog E. granulosus. The dominant strain of the worm in Isfahan, is the same as the other parts of the country, i.e., the G1 genotype (the most common sheep strain) belonged to the G1- G1 E. granulosus complex.}, Keywords = {Echinococcus granulosus, Camel, Dog, PCR, Sequencing, Strain}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {134-141}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3347-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3347-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Omidali, Fatemeh and Hamzeloo, Masou}, title = {Effect of interval exercise with iron supplementation on aerobic power and some hematologic indexes among the 15-18 years old boys}, abstract ={Background: Aerobic fitness is an index of pulmonary, cardiovascular function and haematological components and relevant to the delivery of oxygen. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of interval exercise with iron supplementation on aerobic power and some hematologic indexes among the15-18 years old boys. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 students (mean age 17.1±84.16) were participated in an exercise program (6 weeks, 3 sessions per week). The participants were randomly divided into three groups: Control; Exercise and exercise+ iron supplementation groups. Iron supplementation group was administered a daily supplement of iron tablet. Using a before-after design, bulk-field test and blood sampling the data were analyzed. Results: The results showed no significant difference among the groups. However, using a 6-week training program in Exercise and Exercise+ Iron supplementation group compared to the Conrol showed a significant difference for aerobic power; ferritin; transferrin and iron. No significant change was seen for hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells. While in exercise group, interval exercise caused a significant increase in aerobic power (P=0.009), this was not the case for red blood indexes. Conclusions: Interval exercises along with iron supplementation caused an increase in aerobic power and some hematologic indexes.}, Keywords = {Exercise‚ Hematologic index‚ Iron}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {142-148}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3352-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3352-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Saki, Farzaneh and Sedaghati, Parisa and Baghban, Masoumeh}, title = {Correlation between the cardiorespiratory endurance, dynamic postural control and thoracic kyphosis angle among the students}, abstract ={Background: Any deviation in the normal spinal alignment can alter the cardiorespiratory endurance and the posture control. The aim of present study was to investigate the correlation between cardiorespiratory endurance, dynamic postural control and kyphosis angle among the students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on students (n=100; 48 girls and 52 boys) selected randomly according to inclusion criteria. Cardiorespiratory endurance, postural control and kyphosis angle were assessed using shuttle run test, Y balance test and flexible ruler, respectively. Normal distribution of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation product moment and linear regression (P≤0.05). Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between the cardiorespiratory endurance and kyphosis angle (P=0.012, r=-0.3.3). In addition, a significant negative correlation was observed between the dynamic postural control and kyphosis angle (P=0.003, r=-0.254). Conclusion: According to our findings it seems mandatory for health and school's, sport coaches to screen the student's spinal deformities and evaluate its associated complications (e.g. decreased cardiorespiratory endurance and postural balance).}, Keywords = {Cardiorespiratory endurance, Postural control, Kyphosis }, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {149-156}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3353-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3353-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abtahi, Hamid Reza and Yazdkhasti, Farank}, title = {Serum copper and iron levels in idiopathic tinnitus}, abstract ={Background: Tinnitus is a multi-factorial disorder. Many oxidative pathologies in different loci of auditory pathway can cause it. In this regard oxidative processes result in an imbalance in the trace elements in ear incorporated into the structure of enzymes responsible for antioxidant protection. Therefore, the present study is aimed to compare the concentration of iron (Fe) and cupper (Cu) as the trace elements in the serum of patients with tinnitus and the healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with idiopathic tinnitus (n=55) and the healthy volunteers (n=47) referred to the ENT clinic of   Alzahra hospital (Isfahan, Iran) during 2014-2015. Among the healthy participants 47 age- and sex-matched cases were selected based on convenient sampling. The concentration of Fe and Cu were measured by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: There was a significant decrease in mean serum Cu level in patients with tinnitus (112.48±27.59) compared to the control group (139.52±14.24), (P<0.001). Moreover there were no statistically significant differences between the mean serum Fe in patients with tinnitus (95.68±35.97) and control group (103.95±53/68), (P=0.38). Conclusion: In the present study, a relationship was seen between the serum Cu level and the occurrence of tinnitus. Given the notion that trace elements are among the antioxidant micronutrients, defining such a cause-and-effect relationship between trace elements and tinnitus may shed some light on the treatment of the disease, which requires more studies.}, Keywords = {Tinnitus, Copper, Iron }, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {157-161}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3355-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3355-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Shiravani, Zoleikha and Aliakbarlu, Javad and Tajik, Hosei}, title = {Antibacterial activity of acetic and lactic acid against Listeria monocytogenes and their effect on the intracellular constituent release}, abstract ={Background: Organic acids (e.g. acetic and lactic acid) have been used in foods as natural preservatives. Acetic acid and its salts are used in foods as antimicrobial and acidulant agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of acetic and lactic acids against the Listeria monocytogenes. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted at the Department of Food Hygiene (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University) during autumn 2015. The antibacterial effects of acetic and lactic acid against Listeria monocytogenes were determined using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and cell constituents release methods. The concentration ranges of acetic and lactic acid (0.0195-10 and 0.043-22.2 μl/ml, respectively) were used to determine the MIC of acids.   Results: Based on the results, acetic and lactic acid inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and acetic acid had stronger effect against the the bacterium. The MIC values for acetic acid and lactic acid were 2.5 and 5 μl/ml, respectively. Cell constituents release   showed that acetic and lactic acids are able to lyze the bacterial cell. Conclusion: Acetic and lactic acids were effective in inhibiting the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and the antibacterial effect of acetic acid was stronger than that lactic acid. These acids can be used in foods in combination with other preservatives to inhibit the food borne pathogens and food spoilage microorganisms.}, Keywords = {Acetic acid, Lactic acid, Antibacterial, Listeria monocytogenes }, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {162-169}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3341-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3341-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Imani, Mehdi and Karimi, Javad and Behbahani, Mahdieh and Omidi, Abdollah}, title = {Role of mindfulness, psychological flexibility and integrative self-knowledge on psychological well-being among the university students}, abstract ={Background: Studies has shown the effect on environmental conditions on psychological well-being. In this regard, psychological characteristics have an important role. This study aimed to investigate the role of mindfulness, psychological flexibility and integrative self -knowledge amonge the university students. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on the students of Kashan university of medical sciences (n=300) and based on quota sampling, a number of students (n=241) were selected based on the faculty and the major of the study. The administered tools were Ryff scale of psychological well-being (RSPWB-18), mindfulness (MAAS), acceptance and actions (AAQ-II) questionnaires and integrative self-knowledge scale (ISKS). Finally the data were analyzed using correlation and stepwise regression. Results: Pearson correlation disclosed a positive and considerable relation between mindfulness, integrative self-knowledge, psychological flexibility and psychological well-being. In addition, the findings showed significant role of mindfulness, integrative self-knowledge and psychological flexibility to predict the psychological well-being of the students; so these variables can predict 21% of psychological wellbeing changes. Conclusion: This study disclosed that the mindfulness, psychological flexibility and integrative self -knowledge can in part specify the variance of psychological well-being.}, Keywords = {Psychological flexibility, Psychological well-being, Students, Mindfulness, Integrative self-knowledge }, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {170-177}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3356-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3356-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, Fatemeh and Karimi, Fatemeh and Afshari, Afroz and Hosseini-Ramaghani, Nasri}, title = {The correlation between alexithymia and anxiety, depression in asthma}, abstract ={Background: Alexithymia is a personality trait characterized by the inability to identify and describe emotions. Only few researches have studied the correlation between alexithymia and health factors in psychosomatic disorders. This study aimed to determine the correlation between alexithymia and anxiety, depression in asthmatic patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all asthmatic patients referred to Khorram Abad medical centers. Among them 100 cases were chosen using the convenience sampling. The tools were Alexithymia Scale )TAS-20( along with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale )HADS(. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and Multivariate Regression. Results: A significant positive relationship was seen between aalexithymia, its factors and anxiety/depression. In addition, multiple multivariate regression analysis showed that difficulty in identifying feelings and describing feelings can predict the anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Findings showed that difficulty in identifying and describing emotions as two factors of Alexithymia in asthmatic patients can predict the depression and anxiety. So, considering the emotional aspects of asthma, effective approaches should be taken into account in the treatment of these patients' mental health problems.}, Keywords = {Asthma, Alexithymia, Anxiety, Depression}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {178-187}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3357-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3357-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Fagheei-Aghmiyuni, Zeynab and Khorshidi, Ahmad and Soori, Tahereh and Moniri, Rezvan and Mousavi, Seyyed Gholam Abbas}, title = {Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue in Tehran Razi skin hospital (2014-15)}, abstract ={Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common cause of skin and soft tissue infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of S. aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue and antibiotic susceptibility pattern among the patient hospitalized in Razi skin hospital (Tehran-Iran). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients (n=400) with skin and soft tissue infections in Razi skin hospital. Sterilized swabs were used to collect the skin infection samples. S. aureus isolates were confirmed using biochemical tests (gram staining, catalase, coagulase, DNase test and manitol fermentation tests).   Result: 51.3 %( 205 out of 400) of isolates were S. aureus. Ninety six (46.8%) of isolates were methicillin and penicillin-resistant S. aureus. All of the isolates showed sensitivity to vancomycin, linezolid. 98% of the isolates were susceptible to daptomycin. One-hundred sixteen (56.6%) isolates were multi- drug resistant. Conclusion: More than half of the skin and soft tissue infections were caused by S.aureus. More than 46 percent of the isolates were methicillin resistant. The highest resistance to penicillin was observed.}, Keywords = {Staphylococcus aureus, Skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), Antibiotic susceptibility pattern, MRSA}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {188-196}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3359-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3359-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Momen–Heravi, Mansoreh and Razzaghi, Reza and Mousavi, Seyyed Gholam Abbas and Zamani-Fard, Somayeh}, title = {Factors affecting the outcome of community-acquired pneumonia among the patients hospitalized in Beheshti hospital (Kashan-Iran)}, abstract ={Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the outcome of pneumonia among the Beheshti hospital patients. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was done on pneumonia patients (n=140) in Kashan Beheshti hospital during 2014-2015. A questionnaire consisting the demographic, clinical and paraclinical findings and outcomes was filled-out. Results: Eighty three (59.3%) out of 140 patients were male and 57(40.7%) women. The majority of cases were ≥50 years old (mean age 60.02±1.70) .There was a history of diabetes in 54(38.6%) .The most common signs and symptoms were coughing and the lung rales. The ninty-one and 9% of the cases were improved and complicated condition, respectively. The complication were: pleural effusion (77%), empiyema (15%) and abscess (8%).There was positive CRP (100%); increased ESR (82%) and leukocytosis (80%). While, there was no statistical association between the sex, age and clinical symptoms with the disease complication and outcome, there was a significant correlation between the first BS, HbA1C, CRP, duration of hospitalization, radiographic pattern and diabetes with disease outcome. Conclusion: Considering the association between the diabetes in one side and some factors (outcome of pneumonia, duration of hospitalization, history of pneumonia, times of  admission, BS at admission, HbA1c, bilateral involvement, leukocytosis, increased ESR, CRP and CURB 65, the diabetes should be  considered as an important factor affecting the pneumonia outcome. The managed control of diabetes can improve the pneumonia outcome.}, Keywords = {Pneumonia, Community acquired, Outcome}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {197-205}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3358-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3358-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Haghighi, Ramin and Dadpour, Negar and Seyed-Sharifi, Seyyed Has}, title = {Presenting a case of Ganglioneuroma with abdominal pain in a five year old boy}, abstract ={Background: Ganglioneuroma as a neuroblastoma-family tumor is a rare case with a ganglion cell origin. In most cases, ganglioneuroma is found in the mediastinal and retroperitoneal incidentally and may be presented with nonspecific symptoms. Here, we reported a 5-year-old boy with a retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma referred with abdominal pain. Case Report: The case was a 5 years old boy with abdominal pain started one month ego, the pain is not generalized in a specific abdominal area. Patient in the physical examination had tenderness and mass in the right side of the abdomen. Laboratory tests, except for urine analysis, were normal. Imaging assessment reported one huge mass in the right side of retroperitoneal cavity. According to the patient's condition was decided to perform laparotomy. The pathological examination of the samples confirmed the ganglioneuroma. Conclusion: For a case manifested with pain and the abdominal and retroperitoneal mass are established in his/her imaging. The ganglioneuroma should be considered as a differential diagnosis. The treatment and the final diagnosis of the anglioneuroma are accomplished through complete surgical resection of the lesion and histology.}, Keywords = {Ganglioneuroma, Retroperitoneal, Mediastinal, Abdominal mass, Child}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {206-210}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3340-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3340-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Tajik-Ijdan, Fatemeh and Kazemi, Ali and Nowrozi, Hossei}, title = {Comparing the effects of alcoholic extract of ginseng with itraconazole against Candida albicans and Candida krusei}, abstract ={Background: Candidiasis is a prevalent disease which is caused by different species of  Candida. Herbal drugs (e.g. ginseng) were traditionally administrated for the treatment of different diseases. This study was carried out to compare the effect of alcoholic extract of ginseng with Itraconazole against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Candida krusei (C. krusei). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was crried out on 22 and 8 species of C.albicans and 8 C.krusei, respectively which were isolated from vagina, urine and sputum of the patients. Using the CLSI M27 and disk diffusion methods the susceptibility test was done by Itraconazole (10 µg) and ginseng extract (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 mg.ml-1). The standard species of C. albicans (PTCC 5027) and C. Krusei (PTCC 5295) were used for the quality control purposes.   Results: The lowest and highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for C. albicans and C. Kruzei was 0.0625 and 0.5 μg.ml-1, respectively for Itraconazole using the microdilution method. However, the lowest MIC and minimum fungal concentration (MFC) for alcoholic extract was 64 mg.ml-1 .The highest inhibition zone for C. albicans was 14 and 14-32 mm for alcoholic extract and Foritraconazole, respectively. Using the two methods no significant difference was seen between the alcoholic extract of ginseng (64 and 128 mg.ml-1) and the drug. (P<0.05) Conclusion: Considering the MICs and disk diffusion results, the ginseng extract (64,128 mg.ml-1) shows considerable antifungal effects compared to Itraconazole. }, Keywords = {Ginseng extract, Candida albicans, Candida Krusei, Itraconazole }, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {211-217}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2874-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2874-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Pahlavani-Sheikhi, Zahra and Razavi, Maryam}, title = {Hyoscine-N-butylbromide effect on the acceleration of labor and postpartum hemorrhage in primigravida women}, abstract ={Background: Hyoscine-N-butylbromide is a potent anticholinergic agent with its prominent spasmolytic action on uterus and cervix smooth-muscle in the first stage of labor. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Hyoscine-N-butylbromide on the acceleration of labor and rupture of the cervix in primigravida women. Materials and Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at Ali Ibn-e- Abi Talib hospital of Zahedan on primigravida women (n=105). With the initiation of active phase of labor either Hyoscine-N-butylbromide (40 mg, i.v.) or Saline (2 ml) was administered. Duration of the first, second and third stages of labor and the rate of cervix rupture were compared in two groups. Results: A significant difference was seen for the duration of the first stage of labor (181±59.1 versus 208.2±48.5 min) in two groups (P=0.012).There was no significant difference for the duration of the second and third stages of labor. Although rate of cervix rupture was lower in the Hyoscine group, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Hyoscine-N-butylbromide is effective in accelerating the first stage of labor and has no effect on the rate of cervix rupture and postpartum hemorrhage.}, Keywords = {Hyoscine-N-butylbromide, Labor acceleration, Stages of labor, Postpartum hemorrhage }, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {218-223}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3188-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3188-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Shahidi, Fereshteh and Moonikh, Khalilollah}, title = {Effects of pomegranate seed oil followed by resistance exercise on insulin resistance and lipid profile in non-athletic men}, abstract ={Background: Although some studies have reported the health-related benefits for the pomegranate seed oil (PSO), there is not enough information on its combined effect with exercise. Therefore, in this study the effect of supplementation with pomegranate seed oil followed by resistance exercise on insulin resistance and lipid profile was considered in non-athletes men.   Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental double-blind randomized study non-athletic male (n=14) were divided into two groups: Exercise+Supplementation (n=7) and Exercise +Placebo (n=7). Both groups performed resistance training for 4 weeks (3 sessions per week). The experimental group consumed 2 capsules of pomegranate seed oil (400 mg) and the control group received 2 placebo capsules daily. Glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Insulin resistance was estimated using homeostasis formula (HOMA-IR). Results: While the average concentration of HDL-C in Supplement+Exercise group was significantly increased compared to pre-test, no significant increase was seen compared to Placebo + Exercise group (P<0.05). Between and within group comparison for the changes in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, glucose, fasting insulin and insulin resistance was not significant. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that 4 weeks of resistance training followed by PSO supplementation, except for HDL-C, has no significant effect on the other lipid profiles and insulin resistance in healthy non-athlete men.}, Keywords = {Pomegranate seed oil, Resistance training, Lipid profile, Insulin resistance, Non-athletic men}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {224-231}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2894-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2894-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Soroush, Zahra and Ghane, Maryam}, title = {Molecular identification of CTX-M, TEM and SHV β-lactamases in ‌Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from respiratory system of patients in the ICU of educational hospitals in Tehran}, abstract ={Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae which have been increased in the hospitals were resulting in limitation of therapeutic options. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and presence of ESBL genes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs). Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 65 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated from ICUs of educational hospitals in Tehran. Identification was performed using biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility was performed as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Molecular analysis of the ESBL genes was performed by Multiplex PCR (M-PCR). Results: Most of the isolates were resistant to Cotrimoxazole (72.3%), Gentamicin (67.7%) and Ampicillin (69.2%) and the highest susceptibility was seen for Ciprofloxacin (50.8%) Tetracycline (49.2%), Imipenem (46.3%) and Ceftriaxone (43.1%). Among the ESBL-producing genes, blaCTX-M (55.3 %) was the most prevalent, followed by blaTEM (41.5 %) and blaSHV (10.7 %). The results showed that 1.5 % of the isolates had concurrently blaTEM/ blaSHV and blaSHV/ blaCTX-M genes and 21.6% of isolates the blaTEM/ blaCTX-M genes. Conclusion: These findings reveal the high prevalence of multi drug resistant and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients hospitalized in ICUs and emphasize the need for appropriate infection control policies.}, Keywords = {Klebsiella pneumoniae, Anti-bacterial agents, Intensive care units, Beta-lactamases, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {232-239}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3256-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3256-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Salehi, Mohammad Ali and Akbari, Mojtaba and Jahani-kadosarai, Masomeh}, title = {Assessing the loading and release of metronidazole from bacterial cellulose film as a pharmaceutical dressing}, abstract ={Background: Bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus is an advantageous bacterial product and because of its unique properties could be used as an ideal dressing. The aim of this study was to consider the capability of this biomaterial in the release of Metronidazole. In the case of proving this capability, it provides the basis for the production of a dressing containing this type of antibiotic. Materials and Methods: In this study, BCM was initially synthesized by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. The BCM was loaded by Metronidazole. Then the release process was considered in distilled water and buffer phosphate Saline. The ultra violet spectrophotometry was applied for measuring the concentration of the released drug. Results: The chemical structure of bacterial cellulose was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The release of Metronidazole in distilled water and phosphate buffered Saline was reached to 84.27% and 84.71%, respectively. Due to higher release in phosphate buffered Saline media, it seems that the trend of release in vitro provides efficient results. Conclusion: Results of this study provides the basis for future research on supplying an ideal dressing from this microbial product.}, Keywords = {Dressing, Drug release, Bacterial cellulose, Gluconacetobacter xylinus, Metronidazole}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {240-246}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2830-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2830-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abdi, Ahmad and Abbassi-Daloii, Asieh and Akbari, Im}, title = {Response of glycemic index and liver tissue damage to aerobic exercise followed by coriander seed extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats}, abstract ={Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the response of glycemic index and liver tissue damage to aerobic training along with coriander seed extract in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: diabetic male Wistar rats (n=40, average age: 12 weeks; weight: 130±10 g) were randomly divided into four groups: Control, Extract, Exercise and Exercise+Extract. The diabetes model in rats was induced with a single injection of Streptozotocin-(60 mg/kg) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.05 mole). The high glucose level of 250 mg/dl is defined as the diabetic criterion. The extract was administered orally (150 mg/kg/day). The exercise program was six weeks of aerobic exercise, 5 times a week with 50-55% of maximal oxygen consumption.   Results: The application of aerobic training followed by coriander seed extract in diabetic rats had a significant effect on total serum glucose (P=0.002), AST (P=0.001), ALT (P=0.005) and ALP (P=0.033); however, it had no significant effect on insulin level (P=0.656) and insulin-resistance (P=0.458). Conclusion: It seems that the combination of a regular aerobic exercise and coriander seed extract in diabetic rats had beneficial effects on liver tissue damage and possibly can prevent and improve liver tissue damage via the  reduction of the of some liver tissue damage markers.}, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Diabetes, Coriander seed extract, Glycemic index, liver tissue damage }, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {247-255}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3116-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3116-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Atashak, Sirvan and Ahmadi-Zad, Adel}, title = {Effect of eight weeks of resistance exercise on new biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in obese adult males}, abstract ={Background: Obesity and its related disorders are the cause of cardiovascular disease and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, the results of studies indicated that exercise training have beneficial health effects on obesity and risk markers of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on lipocalin2 (LCN2) and fatty acid binding protein (FABP) in obese adult males. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the obese adult men (n=24) were randomly assigned into Control and Exercise groups. Exercise group was participated in a resistance exercise program with 50-80% of one Repeated- Maximum (IRM) intensity for 8 weeks (three times per week). Venous blood samples were collected before and after the exercise. Moreover, body composition indexes were measured at pre- and post-training programme Results: Resistance exercise caused a significant decrease in the body fat percent, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio (WHR) in Exercise group (P<0.05). Moreover, the results indicated a significant decrease in Exercise group for LCN2 concentration after resistance training (P=0.002) compared to Control group (P=0.799). Also a significant decrease in FABP4 concentration was found in Exercise group (P=0.002). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that 8 weeks of resistance exercise   improve body composition and decrease the new cardiovascular biomarkers in obese men. However, further research is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms involved.}, Keywords = {Resistance training, Obesity, Cardiovascular diseases, Lipocalin-2, FABP4 protein}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {256-264}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3022-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3022-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Sazvar, Seyyed Ali and Nouri, Robabeh and Saei, Rezvan and Hatami, Mohamm}, title = {Impact of acceptance and commitment–based psychoeducation on the adjustment of expressed emotion in families of patients with bipolar disorder}, abstract ={Background: Expressed emotion is one of the key factors resulting in  relapse of psychiatric disorders. Expressed emotion is  a critical, hostile and emotionally over-involved attitude that relatives have toward a family member with such disorder. Since stress from the expressed emotion leads to relapse in person with a disorder, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of mental training based  on the acceptance and commitment on the regulation of expressed emotion in families of patients with bipolar disorder. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on families of patients with bipolar disorder referring to Kargarnejad hospital (Kashan, Iran). The purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. As an intervention acceptance and commitment-based psychoeducation of the families  was held in 10 sessions. Expressed emotion questionnaire was completed by relatives pre- and post-intervention. Results: The results showed that the level of expressed emotion  reduced after the  intervention in families of patients with bipolar disorder (P<0.001). A significant reduction was observed in the level of expressed emotion in all four subscales (negative attitudes, tolerance/expectations, harassment and intervention and emotional response) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Family psychoeducation based on the acceptance and commitment can be effective in the regulation of expressed emotion in families of patients  suffering from bipolar disorder.}, Keywords = {Bipolar disorder, Acceptance and commitment, Expressed emotion, Family}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {265-271}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3213-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3213-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hosseini, Seyed Reza and Bayani, Mohammad Ali and Mohammadi, Kamran and Mohammadi, Elahe and Bijani, Ali}, title = {Correlation between anthropometric indexes and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly population in Amirkola}, abstract ={Background: The ageing of population is an increasing phenomenon worldwide. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most important chronic disease in ageing. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the anthropometric indexes and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly population in Amirkola (Mazandaran, Iran). Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was a part of the Amirkola Health and Ageing Cohort Project (AHAP). Demographic information was collected using a standard questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected from all participants to measure the serum level of lipids. Measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and anthropometric indexes [e.g. body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHR)] were done for all participants.    Results: One thousand five hundred and six elderly people of Amirkola (age> 60 years) were participated in this study. There was a positive and significant correlation between the BMI and systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride. The WC had a positive and significant correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressures, HDL-C and triglyceride. The correlation between WHR and systolic and diastolic blood pressures, HDL-C and triglyceride was positive and significant; however the correlation between the anthropometric indexes and TC and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was negative and significant. The WHR had a significant positive correlation with all studied risk factors. Conclusion: According to the findings of present study, WHR index had stronger correlation with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the elderly.}, Keywords = {Anthropometric indexes, Cardiovascular disease, Elderly, Amirkola }, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {272-279}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3057-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3057-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Malakootian, Mohammad and Nowroozi, Hajar}, title = {Gram-positive cocci contamination in dental unit water lines at Kerman dental school during 2015}, abstract ={Background: Because of its role in the incidence of serious microbial infections, the contamination of dental unit water lines is concerned. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial contamination of dental unit water lines to gram-positive cocci at Kerman. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Environmental Health Engineering Research Center of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) during 2015. Randomly 4 units among each of the departments of Dental School of KUMS (Pediatrics, Orthodontics, Oral surgery, Maxillofacial and Oral medicine) were selected. Samples were transported to the laboratory in sterile containers.   Results: No contamination to gram-positive cocci in drinking water samples were reported. Among the water samples taken from Dental School the highest bacterial count was for the Oral medicine department (the cup filler unit 26/25 cfu/mL and 32/18 cfu/mL and the lowest bacterial count was for Oral surgery, Maxillofacial  departments [parts exposed to the weather unit  23/25 (cfu/mL) and  24/43 (cfu/mL)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of gram positive cocci in dental units of the departments was high. The dentists should care to the presence of microorganisms and take preventive measures to reduce the risk of infection among the department staff and patients.}, Keywords = {Dental clinics, Dental unit water line, Gram positive cocci, Bacterial contamination }, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {280-285}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3024-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3024-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadzadeh-Heshmati, Afshin and Ilka, Shahab and Saied, Alirez}, title = {Evaluation of biomechanical alteration of the spinal intervertebral discs due to the degenerative process}, abstract ={Background: With the progression of aging process, the degenerative process affect all organs throughout the body, including the intervertebral discs. The degeneration of intervertebral discs is the most important etiology for the back pain in human. Hence, having the knowledge of alterations in biomechanics of this structure due to the degeneration is of special importance. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study all patients referred to the Spinal Cord Clinic of Bahonar hospital (Kerman, Iran) because of their back pain were participated. The upright anteroposterior and lateral flexion-extension radiographs and MRI of the spine have been ordered for the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with back pain. The sagital translation and rotation and also anterior and posterior disc height in different grades of degenerations was analyzed. Results: The severity of the intervertebral disc degeneration has direct relation to aging. Anterior and posterior disc height was decreased with the progression of the degeneration. Translation and rotation in the sagital plane were decreased along with the progression of the grade of the degeneration and in direct relation to the posterior disc height. Conclusion: The degeneration trend is progressing with the advancement of aging and the disc space is decreasing along with the severity of degeneration, followed by a reduction in the translational and rotational movements of the spinal segments, so the grade 3 degeneration has been assumed to be equivalent to the stabilization phase of the motion segment.}, Keywords = {Disc, Radiography, Translation, Rotation}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {286-291}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3053-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3053-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Talebian, Ahmad and Jahangiri, Mohammad and Sharif, Mohammad Reza and Moraveji, Seyyed Alireza and Kheirkhah, Davood and Ghorbani, Monireh and Hojjati, Maryam and Talebian, Motahareh}, title = {Evaluation of an auditory brainstem response in icteric neonates}, abstract ={Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common and preventable cause of sensory-neural hearing impairment, which can cause difficulties in the development of speech and communication. This study was conducted to detect the toxic effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the brain stem and auditory tract in neonates with icterus admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 98 neonates with increased indirect bilirubin admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan during 2014-2015. The patients were referred to Matini Hospital for the assessment of the auditory brainstem response (ABR); wave latency and interpeak intervals of the waves were also evaluated. According to the serum bilirubin level, the neonates were allocated into two groups; one group had a serum bilirubin level of 13-20 mg/d and another group had a bilirubin level more than 20 mg/d.   Results: From 98 neonates, 26 (26.5%) had a bilirubin level more than 20 mg/d and 72 (73.5%) had a bilirubin level of 13-20 mg/d. Also, 46.1% of the neonates in the first group (bilirubin< 20 mg/d) and 2.8% of the neonates in the second group (bilirubin 13-20 mg/d) had abnormal ABR (P<0.0001). There was a significant difference between the mean latency time of III and V waves and the interpeak intervals of  I-III, I-V, and III-V  waves in neonates of the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: An increased indirect bilirubin level (>20 mg/d) can cause an auditory processing disorder in neonates. So, performing ABR for screening and early detection of bilirubin toxicity can be recommended as a necessary audiologic intervention in all cases of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.}, Keywords = {Neonates, Icter, Auditory brainstem response}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {292-297}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3404-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3404-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Arbabi, Mohsen and Fakhrieh-Kashan, Zohre and Delavari, Mahdi and Taghizadeh, Mohsen and Hooshyar, Hossei}, title = {The effect of alcoholic extracts of Arctium lappa L. and Satureja hortensis L. against Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro}, abstract ={Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is one of the most prevalent type of vaginitis in women. Considering the side effects of metronidazole and therapeutic properties of Arctium lappa L. and Satureja hortensis L. in traditional medicine, this study aimed to examine the anti-Trichomonas effects of Arctium lappa and Satureja hortensis alcoholic extracts in vitro. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on T. vaginalis isolated from 1203 persons referred to five health centers in Kashan city. Five T. vaginalis isolates were cultured in a TYI-S-33 medium and were used to study the effect of Arctium lappa and Satureja hortensis extracts. The effects of different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1000 µg/mL) of plant extracts on the growth of T. vaginalis trophozoeites were studied 12, 24, and 48 h after the culture. Also, the culture media and metronidazole (0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 µg/mL) were considered as the negative and positive controls, respectively. The effects of the extracts and drug were examined by counting the number of live and dead parasites using the trypan blue staining method. Results: Results showed that the alcoholic extracts of Satureja hortensis and Arctium lappa had an inhibitory effect on the growth of T. vaginalis. The IC50 values of the alcoholic extracts of Satureja hortensis, Arctium lappa and metronidazole after 24 h were 190.8, 996.7 and 0.0326 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The present study shows the in vitro anti-Trichomonas effect of Arctium lappa and  Satureja hortensis extracts. The anti-Trichomonas effect of Satureja hortensis extract was higher than that of the Arctium lappa extract. Further studies are recommended to investigate the anti-Trichomonas effect of major components of these plants, especially the Satureja hortensis extract.}, Keywords = {Trichomonas vaginalis, Alcoholic extract, Satureja hortensis L., Arctium lappa L., In vitro}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {298-304}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3158-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3158-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hamzevi, Akram and Sadoughi, Seyyed Damoon and Rahbarian, Raheleh}, title = {The effect of aqueous extract of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. leaves on liver enzymes\' activity, oxidative stress parameters and liver histopathology in male diabetic rat}, abstract ={Background: Avicennia marina has antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. This study was conducted to examine the effect of aqueous extract of A. marina on liver enzymes' activity, oxidative stress parameters and liver histopathology in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 28 male rats were allocated into the equal groups of control, diabetic control and experimental diabetic 1 and 2. The diabetes in diabetic control and experimental diabetic groups was induced using an intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg alloxan. The experimental diabetic groups received the aqueous extract of A. marina (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) in alternate days for one month. Sterile distilled water was injected to the animals of control and diabetic control groups. At the end of the treatment period, serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT and ALP were measured. Then, levels of SOD, GST, CAT and MDA were measured in the liver tissue. The liver sections were prepared and examined by an optical microscope. Results: Results showed that administration of the A. marina extract (100 and 300 mg/kg, ip) to the diabetic rats significantly decreased the serum levels of liver enzymes and tissue level of MDA. Also, the activity of the liver tissue's antioxidant enzymes was increased (P<0.05). The A. marina extract dose-dependently decreased liver damages in diabetic rats. Conclusion: Administration of the A. marina extract improves liver tissue oxidative stress indices and decreases the serum level of liver enzymes. Also, A. marina extract improves liver tissue injuries induced by diabetes.}, Keywords = {Diabetes mellitus, Avicennia marina, Liver enzymes, Oxidative stress, Rats}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {305-316}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2961-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2961-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Taheri, Ali and Ghaffari, Mostafa and Houshmandi, Shadab and Namavari, Mohammad Mahdi}, title = {Investigation of the anticancer and antioxidant activity of the brown algae (Cystoseira indica) extract against the colorectal cancer cells}, abstract ={Background: Nowadays, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of bioactive compounds as anti-cancer agents regarding their antioxidant activities. The current study aimed to assess the anti-cancer and anti-oxidant activities of organic and water extracts of brown algae (Cystoseira indica) collected from the shores of Chabahar, Iran. Materials and Methods: The extraction was performed based on the method of immersion by n-hexane, ethanol, methanol, chloroform and distilled water as solvent during 24 hours. The reducing power, free radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, metal chelating activity and cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells were examined by the MTT test. Results: The chloroform extract showed the best reducing power compared to the other infusions, with an average of 0.36±0.02 µg/µL. Also, chloroform extract showed the best metal chelating activity with an average of 62.18±0.86 µg/µL (P<0.05). The best free radical scavenging activity observed in the ethanol and methanol extracts with concentrations of 15.83 and 33.21 µg/µL, respectively; the inhibitory activity of methanol extracts was better than ethanol extract (P<0.05). Regarding the anti-cancer properties, methanol extract (30±1.33 µg/µL) showed the greatest effect on cancer cell death and the water extract showed the least effect (66.67±1.11 µg/µL) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The extract of the brown algae (Cystoseira indica) can be proposed as an antioxidant and anticancer compound for preclinical and clinical studies.}, Keywords = {Anti-cancer, Antioxidant, Free radical, Reducing power, Cystoseira indica }, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {317-325}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2904-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2904-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {ZiaeiHezarjaribi, Hajar and Nadeali, Najmeh and Saeedi, Majid and Soosaraei, Masoud and Jorjani, Oghol Niaz and Momeni, Zohreh and Fakhar, Mahdi}, title = {The effect of lavender essential oil and nanoemulsion on Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro}, abstract ={Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is the cause of trichomoniasis. Due to increased resistance and side effects of the drugs, the aim of this study was to assess an anti-trichomonias effect of lavender (Lavandula officinalis) essential oil and nanoemulsion on T. vaginalis in vitro. Materials and Methods: Lavender essential oil components were characterized by gas chromatography. To determine the cytotoxicity effects, the macrophage cell line J774.A.1 was used. Trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from vaginal secretions of the infected women and then cultured in the TYM complete medium and passaged for 10 days. The effect of essential oil and 1% lavender nanoemulsion in concentrations 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL in the 24-well plate were examined at 1, 2 and 3 hours as triplicate. Positive control was metronidazole (50 μg/mL). The number of live and dead parasites was counted by trypan blue stain  with a Neubauer slide. Results: The viability of the macrophages for lavender essential oil was 93.70% and for nanoemulsion was 90.90%. Essential oil and nanoemulsion of lavender in concentration of 100 μg/mL and during 3 hours showed 81.7% and 81.9% growth inhibitory, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant.  Conclusion: Lavender essential oil and nanoemulsion has a desirable inhibitory effect on growth of T.vaginalis and can be a good choice for conducting therapeutic investigations regarding trichomonial infections.}, Keywords = {Trichomonas vaginalis, Lavandula officinalis, Essential oil, Nanoemulsion, TYM complete}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {326-334}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3154-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3154-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Bornarodi, Arezoo and Tehranypour, Maryam and Mahdavi-Shahri, Naser}, title = {The effect of alcoholic extract of Panicum miliaceum L. seed on hippocampus neuronal density in male mouse}, abstract ={Background: Hippocampus organization is a part of temporal lobe, which consists of several sections including hippocampal body, dentate gyrus and subiculum. Panicum miliaceum L. contains proteins, vitamins and antioxidants for human health. This study was conducted to examine the effect of the alcoholic extract of the seed of Panicum miliaceum L. plant on hippocampus neuronal density. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male mice were divided into 4 groups (n=6, each group). The alcoholic extract of the seed of the Panicum miliaceum L. plant was prepared by soxhlet extraction. Three doses of the extract 25, 50, 75 mg/kg were intraperitoneally injected to 3 treatment groups for 21 days and the control group received normal saline injection. At the end of the experiment, the animals were anesthetized and after perfusion, their brains were removed from the skull. After tissue processing, slices of the brain were prepared and stained. Then, different regions of the hippocampus were photographed and neuronal densities were evaluated. Results: Results showed that the neuronal density in the CA1, CA3 regions of the group treated with 50 mg/kg of the alcoholic extract and in all regions of hippocampus (CA1,CA2,CA3) in groups treated with dose of 75 mg/kg of the alcoholic extract had a significant increase compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study shows that the alcoholic extract of the seed of Panicum miliaceum L. plant increases neuronal density and induces neurogenesis in the mouse hippocampus.}, Keywords = {Panicum miliaceum, Alcoholic extract, Neuronal density, Hippocampus}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {335-344}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3327-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3327-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kashef, Majid and Shabani, Mohse}, title = {Relationship of serum lactate and glucose with oxygen saturation, heart rate and VO2max in response to L-carnitine during exhaustive exercise in active young men}, abstract ={Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the serum level of lactate and glucose with oxygen saturation, maximal heart rate and VO2max in response to L-carnitine during exhaustive exercise in young active men. Materials and Methods: In this study, 10 young men (age: 26.4±0.96 years, height: 173.9±9.45 cm and weight: 71.8±5.36 kg) were participated. The subjects performed two sessions of the Bruce test. Serum levels of lactate, glucose, oxygen saturation (%SO2), VO2max, HRmax were recorded before, immediately and 4min after the exhaustive exercise.   Results: The results showed that in the supplement group there was a significant relationship between the serum levels of lactate and VO2max 4min after the termination of the exercise. Also, there was a significant relationship between the serum levels of glucose and %SO2 immediately after the exercise (P<0.05). There was no significant relationship between the other factors. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the L-carnitine supplementation has positive effects on the relationship between serum levels of lactate with VO2max and serum levels of glucose and %SO2 immediately after the exhaustive exercise. So, the L-carnitine supplementation through increasing the exhaustion threshold has a significant effect on aerobic power in performing the intensive exhausting activities.}, Keywords = {L-carnitine, Lactate, Glucose, Oxygen saturation, VO2max, Exhaustive exercise}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {345-351}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3060-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3060-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mahmoudi-Kojedi, Atefeh and Amini, Kumarss}, title = {Gene molecular study of biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from fresh milk using multiplex polymerase chain reaction}, abstract ={Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main causes of food poisoning in the world. This pathogen has the ability to create biofilms that can lead to food contamination. The presence of biofilm genes in bacteria is very important. The aim of this study was to identify sticky genes (eno, cna, ebp, bbp) that play an important role in virulence and pathogenicity of the bacteria and even prevent the penetration of antibiotics in pathogenicity time. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 samples of fresh milk were collected from live animals and 60 isolates were selected to identify sticky genes (eno, cna, ebp, bbp) in the production of biofilm of S. aureus using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. In addition, the frequency rates of S. aureus strains resistant and susceptible to antibiotics such as methicillin, vancomycin, and clindamycin were determined among the samples. Results: From a total of 60 isolates of fresh milk, 43.4% of the colonies had laminin-binding protein gene or eno gene. Also, 90% of the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, 50% sensitive to clindamycin and 43.4% sensitive to methicillin. Distribution rates of other sticky genes including ebp, cna, bbp were 11.6%, 20% and 25%, respectively. Molecular study results showed that the highest and lowest percentages of genes were related to the eno and bbp genes, respectively. Conclusion: The present study shows that the maximum sensitivity of the samples (90%) was related to vancomycin and the least amount of sensitivity (43.3%) was related to methicillin.}, Keywords = {Milk, Biofilm, Staphylococcus aureus, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {352-358}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3193-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3193-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hashemzehi, Rasoul and Doosti, Abbas and Kargar, Mohammad and Jaafarinia, Mojtab}, title = {Gene cloning and evaluation of the Acinetobacter baumannii nlpD gene expression in human dermal fibroblast cells using RT-PCR}, abstract ={Background:  Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the world. This bacterium is a cause of endemic and epidemic nosocomial infections and despite many efforts, there is still no effective vaccine agains it. NlpD is one of the important antigenic agents that stimulate the immune system. So, the aim of this study was to examine gene cloning and expression of the nlpD gene of A. baumannii in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the nlpD gene was amplified from A. baumannii genome using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then, the nlpD gene was cloned and sub-cloned in pTZ57R/T and pIRES2-EGFP vectors, respectively. Confirmation of gene cloning was performed by PCR, restriction endonuclease and sequencing methods. The final pIRES2-EGFP-nlpD recombinant vector was transformed into HDF cells using electroporation and the expression of target gene was evaluated by RT-PCR. Results: In this study, the 831 bp nlpD gene of A. baumannii was amplified successfully. Also, the results of the study showed that the recombinant pIRES2-EGFP-nlpD final construct was produced. Observation of the 831 bp band on agarose gel in transformed cells compared to control cells confirmed the nlpD gene expression in HDF cells. Conclusion: The final construct that generates in this study can express the nlpD gene of A. baumannii in eukaryotic cells. Successful expression of the target gene can be used as a new recombinant vaccine in animal model. The pIRES2-EGFP-nlpD recombinant vector has also the potential as a gene vaccine for future research.}, Keywords = {Acinetobacter baumannii, nlpD, Gene expression, RT-PCR}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {359-366}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3308-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3308-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Parvasi, Elham and Nasiri, Mahboobeh and Irani, Dariush}, title = {Analysis of rs7526084 polymorphism in 3′ downstream of the sestrin 2 gene as an informative marker for molecular diagnosis of kidney stone disease}, abstract ={Background: Kidney stone disease is one of the most common disorders of urinary tract, manifesting with high clinical and genetic heterogeneity in population. Sestrin 2 is involved in many essential processes, especially oxidative and genotoxic stress. Regarding the importance of oxidative stress pathway deregulation in systemic diseases such as kidney disorders, this study was conducted to investigate the association between rs7526084 3′ downstream polymorphism of the sestrin 2 gene and risk of kidney stone in south Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 150 patients with kidney stone disease and 180 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals were participated from March to December 2015. Genotyping of the rs7526084 polymorphism was performed using the T-ARMS PCR method. Results: Frequency of the G allele was higher in controls than in cases, and a reduced risk of the disease was shown in the presence of this allele (OR: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.48-0.91, P=0.01). Also, the risk of the disease was reduced in the presence of heterozygote CG (OR: 0.49, 95%CI: 0.30-0.80, P=0.004) and homozygote GG (OR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.23-0.96, P=0.04) genotypes. Under the dominant genetic model for the G allele (GG+GC vs. CC), this allele significantly reduced the risk of the disease (OR: 0.49, 95%CI: 0.31- 0.78, P= 0.002). Conclusion: Reduced risk of kidney stone in the presence of the G allele of the sestrin 2 gene polymorphism might provide the evidence in favor of the involvement of the oxidative stress pathway in the pathogenesis of kidney stone disease.}, Keywords = {Kidney stone disease, Oxidative stress, Sestrin 2, Polymorphism}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {376-382}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3304-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3304-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Madadi-Goli, Nahid and Moniri, Rezvan and Bagheri-Josheghani, Sareh}, title = {Antibiotic resistance pattern and distribution of Vietnamese extended-spectrum- β lactamase (VEB-1) gene in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospitalized patients in Kashan Shahid Beheshti hospital during 2013-2014}, abstract ={Background: Acinetobacter baumannii are widely distributed pathogens in hospitals. They have the ability to have various mechanisms of resistance. Multiple drug resistant (MDR) strains of A. baumannii have created therapeutic problems worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and detection of blaOXA51 and VEB-1 genes of A. baumannii isolated from clinical specimens in teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 124 A. baumannii strains isolated from patients in Beheshti hospital, Kashan, Iran, during 2013-2014. At the species level, the isolates were identified by conventional biochemical tests and then confirmed by the Microgen kit (GNA). An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed for 17 antimicrobial agents according to the CLSI guidelines. Multiple drug resistant was defined as presence of resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. The presence of blaOXA51 and VEB-1 genes was investigated using the polymerase chain reation. Results: Acinetobacter baumannii isolates demonstrated the highest resistance to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefotaxime. All isolates were sensitive to colistin and polymyxin. All isolates were positive for blaOXA51. Thirty-two isolates (25.8%) were positive for the VEB-1 gene. Conclusion: This study highlights the high frequency of MDR isolates. The VEB-1 gene, which produces extended spectrum beta lactamase enzymes and inactivates third generation cephalosporins, was positive in more than 25% of the samples.}, Keywords = {Acinetobacter baumannii, Multiple drug resistance, VEB-1 gene}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {383-389}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2897-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2897-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Khodadadian, Rohollah and Khorshidi, Ahmad and Safari, Mahmoud and Gilasi, Hamid Rez}, title = {Prevalence of metallo-beta-lactamase enzyme and patern of antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pnomoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in Qom city during 2013-2014}, abstract ={Bachground: Klebsiella pnomoniae is one of the most important etiologic agents of urinary tract infection (UTI). An increasing occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogenic bacterial isolates has complicated the treatment process. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns and prevalence of the metallo-beta-lactamase enzyme of K. pneumoniae isolates collected from UTI. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with complicated UTI reffered to hospitals in Qom city, Iran. A total of 1807 culture positive samples of pathogens were collected from the patients, among which 457 isolates were K. pneumoniae. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the disc-diffusion method recommended by the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2013). In addition,  the dubble disk synergy test was used to detect the K. pneumoniae isolates of metallo-beta-lactamase enzyme. Results: The prevalence of UTI infection due to K. pneumoniae was 25.3%. Among 1807 positive urine cultures, 62.4% were from females and 37.6% from males. Results of antimicrobial susceptibility showed that the highest antibiotic resistance was seen for trimetoprium-sulfametoxazole (98.5%) and the lowest resistance levels were seen for amikacin (9.4%), meropenem (22.8%) and  imipenem (25.6%). The results of the imipenem-EDTA combined disk showed that 93.2% imipenem resistance isolates were positive for the metallo-beta- lactamase enzyme. Conclusion: Carbapenem resistance and production of the metallo-beta-lactamase enzyme in K. pneumoniae uropathogenic are increasing. However, amikacin is still effective against these bacterial infections and its effectiveness should be maintained.}, Keywords = {Klebsiella pnomoniae, UTI, Antibiotic resistance, Metallo-Beta-Lactamases}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {390-397}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2962-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2962-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghanbari, Sahar and Amjad, Leila and Shahanipur, Kahi}, title = {The effect of essential oil of Achillea wilhelmsii flowers on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity}, abstract ={Background: The essential oil of Achillea wilhelmsii has‎ anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Cisplatin is one of the most important anticancer drugs that are widely used to treat various types of cancers. This study aimed at examining the effects of the essential oil of A. wilhelmsii flowers on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were  divided  into 6 groups: 1) control, 2) cisplatin (0.4 mg/kg), 3) cisplatin and essential oil (30 mg/kg), 4) cisplatin and essential oil (60 mg/kg), 5) essential oil (30 mg/kg) and 6) essential oil (60 mg/kg).The injection was performed in the groups every day for 8 weeks. Then, serum levels of liver enzymes were measured and the liver tissue was removed for histopathological studies. Results: The results showed no significant changes in the albumin level (P>0.05). However, the activities of hepatic factors ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin were decreased significantly in the groups received essential oil 30 and 60 mg/kg + cisplatin and in groups only received the essential oil 30 and 60 mg/kg compared to the cisplatin group (P<0.05). Histopathological analysis of liver showed a significant difference in all groups compared to the control group, which this difference in the group received essential oil 60 mg/kg + cisplatin was higher than other groups.            Conclusion: The essential oil of A. wilhelmsii decreases serum levels of liver factors and bilirubin against cisplatin.}, Keywords = {Achillea wilhelmsii, Essential oil, Cisplatin, Liver}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {398-406}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3212-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3212-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Rahim and Rahimi, Sasan and Ehteshamzad, Nadi}, title = {The effect of hydroalcoholic Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract on viability of breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and evaluation of Bax and Bcl2 genes expression level}, abstract ={Background: Studies have revealed that the Sidr (Ziziphus spina-christi) leaf has anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic Sidr leaf extract on MCF7 cell line viability and evaluation of Bax and Bcl2 genes expression level. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory-experimental study, MCF cells were randomly divided into control group and groups exposed to 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/mL of the Sidr leaf hydroalcoholic extract. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was measured using the MTT assay method. Also, the real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used to evaluate Bax and Bcl2 genes expression levels.   Results: Viability of the MCF7 cells did not significantly change in group exposed to 0.001 mg/mL of the extract; however, it was significantly decreased in groups exposed to 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/mL of the extract (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). The expression levels of Bcl2 and Bax genes were significantly decreased and increased respectively in MCF7 cells exposed to 1mg/mL of the extract (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The appropriate doses of the hydroalcoholic Sidr leaf extract have cytotoxic effects on MCF7 cells by inducing apoptosis. So, further research on the anticancer effects of Sidr on breast cancer has a significant place in breast cancer treatment.}, Keywords = {Hydroalcoholic extract, Ziziphus spina-christi, MCF7, Viability, BAX, BCL2, Apoptosis}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {407-413}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3306-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3306-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hajian-Shahri, Shaghayegh and Hajinezhad, Mohammad Reza and Jahantigh, Mehdi and Miri, Hamid Rez}, title = {The antidiabetic effect of L-carnitine in rats: the role of nitric oxide system}, abstract ={Background: Nowadays, the use of L-carnitine in the treatment of diabetes is increasing. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of co-administration of L-arginine (precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide) and nitro-L-arginine (nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor) on antidiabetic activity of L-carnitine in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 male rats weighing 180-201g  were divided into five groups: (1) non diabetic control rats; (2) untreated diabetic rats; (3) diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine 300 mg/kg (4); diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine 300 mg/kg + L-arginine 300 mg/kg; and (5) diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine (300 mg/kg) + nitro-L-arginine (1mg/kg). Type 1 diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 110 mg/kg body weight alloxan. After 30 days, liver malondialdehyde levels, lipid profile, serum glucose, and glycated hemoglobin serum levels were measured. Results: Blood glucose, liver enzymes, glycated hemoglobin, and liver malondialdehyde levels significantly decreased in diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine compared to the untreated diabetic group (P<0.05). The co-administration of L-arginine and L-carnitine led to a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin levels and serum glucose, in a manner similar to the group received only L-carnitine. Also, L-arginine and nitro-l-arginine had similar effects on liver lipid peroxidation and serum biochemical parameters. Conclusion: The results suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of L-carnitine is mediated independently from nitric oxide pathways. The interaction between L-carnitine and L-arginine may not be synergistic. So, their combined administration is not recommended for the diabetic patients.}, Keywords = {Diabetes mellitus, L- carnitine, Nitric oxide, Rats }, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {414-421}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3061-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3061-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Eskandary, Azade and Moazedi, Ahmad Ali and NajaphZadeVarzi, Hossein and GhaderyPakdel, Firoz and Akhond, Mohammad Rez}, title = {The effect of lovastatin on cognition impairment induced by bilateral electrical lesion of nucleus basalis magnocellularis in the Alzheimer’s disease model in adult male rats}, abstract ={Background: Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, are widely used as medication to lower cholesterol levels in human patients. Much evidence indicates that statins can also exert neuroprotective actions. So, this study aimed at examining the effect of lovastatin on cognition deficit induced by bilateral electrical lesion of nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) in the Alzheimer’s disease model in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 56 adult male wistar rats were divided into 8 groups (n=7): control (intact), NBM lesion group (which received electrically- induced lesion 0.5 mA in 3s), sham group (the electrode was impaled into the NBM with no lesion(, lovastatin groups (lesion+1, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and DMSO 5% group (NBM lesion +DMSO 5%). Acquisition and retention testing was done by using an eight-radial arm maze in which the patterns of arm entries were recorded for calculating working memory errors, reference memory error and latency in each group. Results: The bilateral NBM lesion resulted in significant reduction of spatial memory in acquisition and retention tests in the form of increased working and reference memory errors compared to the control group (P<0.05). Post-lesion treatment with lovastatin improved the parameters of spatial memory errors in the acquisition and retention tasks compared to the lesion group. Conclusion: The electrical NBM lesion can reduce spatial memory function and the lovastatin therapy after brain injury improved cognitive disorders. It seems that lovastatin by reducing the activity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme and increasing acetylcholine transferase enzyme activity can cause improvement in learning and memory capability.}, Keywords = {Alzheimer’s disease, Nucleus basalis magnocellularis, Cognitive performance, Radial maze, Lovastatin}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {422-432}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3195-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3195-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kavyani, Maryam and Farsi, Alireza and Abdoli, Behrouz}, title = {The backward crosstalk effect or response grouping in the psychological refractory period paradigm}, abstract ={Background: In the psychological refractory period paradigm, the second response time is increased as the interval between the first and second stimulus is decreased. The response delay for the second stimulus is called the psychological refractory period.  In contrast with these findings, some evidence of the backward crosstalk effect has shown that the first reaction time is affected by the second stimulus. The capacity sharing models, in which multiple stimuli can be processed simultaneously, unlike central bottleneck models, are able to provide some explanations for the changes in the reaction time to the first stimulus. However, sometimes these changes could be arisen from response grouping; the first response remains on the processing buffer until the response to the second stimulus is prepared, then both stimuli are responded simultaneously. The questions of this study were whether the second task difficulty and time interval manipulation would affect the first task response or not and in what extend changes are because of response grouping? Materials and Methods: Detection, discrimination and choice tasks were used as the second task in the psychological refractory period paradigm and the time interval between stimuli was 50, 100, 200, 400, or 1000 ms. Results: The type of the second stimulus and time interval between stimuli had an effect on the second-task and first-task reaction times. Conclusion: In the detection group, the first task response time changes were consistent with grouping between the two responses, but in the discrimination group the changes would arise from capacity limitation and were consistent with the backward crosstalk effect.}, Keywords = {Dual task limitation, Capacity sharing model, Central bottleneck modals, Response grouping }, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {433-442}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2995-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2995-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Aghdasi-Araghinezhad, Roya and Amini, Kumarss}, title = {Study of antibiotic resistance pattern and incidence of pathogenic genes of mgtC, spi4R, agfA, invE/A and ttrC in Salmonella infantis isolated from clinical specimens}, abstract ={Background: The importance of the health of red meat, poultry and eggs in human nutrition is very high. One of the factors that jeopardize the health of poultry food products is the bacterial family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Salmonella. The aim of this study was to detect pathogenic genes in Salmonella infectious bacteria isolated from stool specimens using the multiple PCR assay. Materials and Methods: Selective and specific media for isolation of Salmonella were used. Primary isolation was carried out using Peptone water, Rapaport, selenite cysteine, MacConky agar and xylose-lysine deoxycholate agar. To confirm the diagnosis, biochemical tests including TSI, urea, endodontic, and citrate were used. The Salmonella Polyvalent Kit was used to determine Salmonella groups and mgtC, spi4R, agfA, invE/A and ttrC genes were studied in 60 samples by the multiple PCR method. Results: The results showed that all samples had 2 genes mgtC and ttrC, and none of the samples showed resistance to cefepime. Of the 60 samples of Salmonella, none were resistant to cefepime and ceftriaxone; 38.8% of the samples were resistant to amoxicillin, 53% to erythromycin and 38.3% to sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: It can be concluded that cefepime is the best selective drug for the treatment of Salmonella infections. Identification and validation of genes in the region's bacteria can play a role in the broad epidemiological examination, antibiotic resistance, vaccine production, level of virulence, prevention and treatment. Also, evaluation of these genes in the samples for their virulence index is very important.}, Keywords = {Salmonella infantis, Pathogenic genes, Antibiotic resistance, Multiple PCR}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {443-449}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3178-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3178-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hassani, Zivar and Izaddost, Fatemeh and Shabani, Rami}, title = {The effect of a six-week combined aerobic-resistance training program along with green coffee consumption on anxiety and depression in overweight and obese women}, abstract ={Background: Chlorogenic acid, a major polyphenol in green coffee, and physical activity are considered as two possible effective factors on anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-week combined aerobic-resistance training along with green coffee consumption on anxiety and depression in overweight and obese women.   Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 30 volunteer overweight and obese women were randomly divided into three groups of combined aerobic-resistance training, green coffee and combined training with green coffee. Training was performed four sessions per week for six weeks. The amount of green coffee consumption was 250 mg per day for six weeks. The anxiety and depression levels of the participants were assessed using the Beck questionnaire. Results: Results showed a significant improvement in anxiety and depression levels in the three study groups (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that changes in anxiety and depression levels in the group of combined training with green coffee consumption was significantly higher than the green coffee group (P=0.03 and P=0.01, respectively).  Conclusion: According to the results of this study, green coffee consumption and combined training could be effective in improving anxiety and depression. Also, combined aerobic-resistance training along with green coffee consumption is more effective on improving anxiety and depression.}, Keywords = {Anxiety, Chlorogenic acid, Depression, Exercise, Green coffee}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {450-459}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3375-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3375-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Yaghmaeian-Mahabadi, Mahshid and Majdabadi, Abbas and Fekrazad, Reza and AminiMahabadi, Javad and Nikzad, Hossei}, title = {Evaluating the interaction of 308-nm xenon chloride excimer laser with human dentin and enamel hard tissues}, abstract ={Background: The pulsed output of the 308 nm XeCl laser and its photoablation action rather than photothermal action offers the ability to remove dental hard tissues with minimal generation of heat in the tissue. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 human molar teeth (ten teeth used as enamel samples and ten teeth used as dentin samples after removing the enamel tissue from their crowns) were irradiated by the laser. The crown of each sample was regarded as a cube which its lateral sides were exposed in 2Hz frequency without water cooling. Also, 18 holes for all enamel samples and 18 holes for all dentin samples were obtained. Three different amounts of energy were selected as a variable factor with 6 different numbers of pulses in each energy. The images of these holes were prepared by optic and computer combining, and the amounts of the ablation depth and effective ablation area were calculated using the MATLAB software. Results: The amounts of ablation depth were increased with increasing the number of pulses for both enamel and dentin tissues. The amounts of ablation depth were also increased with increasing the amounts of energy for both enamel and dentin tissues. The greater amounts of ablation depth and effective ablation area were observed in the dentin tissue rather than the enamel tissue. The borders of created holes were reported sharp and clear. Conclusion: The application of the XeCl laser for hard tissue removal and cavity preparation can be possible after some certain modifications.}, Keywords = {XeCl laser, Ablation depth, Dentin, Enamel, Cavity preparation }, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {460-469}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3297-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3297-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Balali, Farzaneh and Jafari, Zahra and Dabirian, Akram and Heidarzadeh, Mohammad and Nasiri, Malihe}, title = {The effect of posture in premature infants on the arterial oxygen saturation, fraction of inspired oxygen and abdominal distension}, abstract ={Background: Putting infants in a posture that reduces oxygen requirement and the complications of the continuous positive airway pressure method is very important. This study aimed at examining the effect of the posture on the arterial oxygen saturation, fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) and abdominal distension in premature infants with the respiratory distress syndrome under nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 41 premature infants were selected by the simple random sampling and one-group before-after design. The amounts of arterial oxygen saturation, FIO2 and abdominal distension in supine and prone positions were recorded in a data-collection form. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean FIO2 and between the mean abdominal circumference in the prone and supine positions (P=0.022, P<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the mean of arterial oxygen saturation between the two positions (P=0.749). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the neonates’ abdominal distension and FIO2 decreased in the prone position. Thus, this supportive, free of charge and effective method can be recommended for these neonates.}, Keywords = {Premature infant, Posture, Nasal continuous positive airway pressure}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {470-476}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2952-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2952-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {YadYad, Mohamad Jaafar and Nasiri, Sanaz and Delavari, Mahdi and Arbabi, Mohse}, title = {Survey of hydatid cyst surgeries in hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences during 2004 to 2014}, abstract ={Background: Hydatidosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases with global distribution. Due to the prevalence of the disease in country, the study aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with hydatidosis admitted to surgical departments of educational hospitals, Imam Khomeini and Golestan, in Ahvaz city during 2004-2014. Materials and Methods: Data of the patients including demographic characteristics, and clinical and laboratory findings were recorded in a prepared form and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests by the SPSS software. Results: From a total of all patients, 49 (55.7%) and 39 patients (44.3%) were females and males respectively; 25 patients were resident in rural areas and 62 in urban areas. The mean age of the patients was 30.6±2 years. Also, the maximum and minimum percentages of the disease were observed in the age group 20-29 and 80-89, respectively. Recurrence was observed in 9 patients. The highest prevalence of the hydatid cyst was in the right lobe of the liver (26.1%). Among the methods of imaging, sonography and MRI had the highest and lowest use in the diagnosis of the disease, respectively. Conclusion: Findings of this study show that the most common organs affected are the liver and the younger age group and suburbs are more prone to hydatidosis. Due to the chronicity of the disease and the late diagnosis during the visit, screening for endemic areas and high-risk persons is recommended.}, Keywords = {Echinococcus granulusos, Hydatid cyst, Surgery}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {477-482}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3207-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3207-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hassanzadeh, Malihe and Rasti, Sima and Hooshyar, Hosein and Momen–Heravi, Mansoreh and Soliemani, Alireza and Mousavi, Seyyed Gholam Abbas}, title = {Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in immunodeficiency patients in Kashan and Qom during 2014-2015}, abstract ={Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasitic protozoon, which is a causative agent of serious complications such as encephalitis in immunodeficiency patients. Considering insufficient data on toxoplasmosis in these patients, the present study was conducted to determine the seroepidemiology of T. gondii among immunodeficiency patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on cancer, ADIS, hemodialysis and renal transplant patients (case group) and healthy persons (control group) in Kashan and Qom cities. Totally, 317 serum samples were collected from the case group and 120 samples from the control group. The ELISA method was used to determine the anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies. Results: Totally, 60.3% of the samples from the case and 33.3% from the control groups were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG (P<0.001). In the case group, only 2 persons (0.6%) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM. The anti-T. gondii IgG detected in immunodeficiency patients was 55.2% in Kashan and 68% in Qom, which were higher than in the control group (P<0.001, P<0.006, respectively). The highest prevalence of T. gondii were seen in 40-59 years old (49.8%) and illiterate (60%) patients. There was a meaningful correlation between toxoplasmosis and blurry vision and dermal rash (P=0.001 and P=0.003, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of T. gondii was higher in different immunodeficiency patients compared to healthy persons. Screening examinations were recommended for the diagnosis and treatment of patients to prevent serious side-effects and health education.}, Keywords = {Toxoplasma gondii, Immunodeficiency, Seroepidemiology }, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {483-489}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3354-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3354-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Davoudi, Mohammad Reza and Omidi, Abdollah and Sehat, Mojtab}, title = {Comparison of anxiety and depression symptoms between male daily smokers and nondaily smokers resident in Kashan city during 2016-2017}, abstract ={Background: Several studies have shown the dangers of cigarette smoking among daily smokers. However, another group that has recently been investigated is a nondaily smoking group. The nondaily smokers experience the adverse health effects of smoking more than nonsmokers. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among daily and nondaily smokers. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study with snowball sampling, 385 male residents of Kashan were selected and divided into three groups of daily smokers (118), nondaily smokers (114) and nonsmokers (135). Depression and anxiety were measured by the Beck depression inventory and beck anxiety inventory. Results: The results of the current study showed no significant difference in the prevalence of depression and anxiety in both daily and nondaily smokers (P<0.05). Also, depression and anxiety levels in daily smokers and nondaily smokers were significantly higher than nonsmokers (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among nondaily smokers is the same as the daily smokers. Thus, in both groups, in addition to smoking, special attention should be paid to anxiety and depression disorders.}, Keywords = {Depression, Anxiety, Smoking patterns}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {490-497}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3343-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3343-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghiasian, Masoud and Khazaei, Mojtaba and Daneshyar, Sajjad and Mazaheri, Shahir and SeyedGheybi, Seyyed Mohamm}, title = {Epidemiological survey of patients with a carpal tunnel syndrome referred to Sina Hospital in Hamedan during 2014-2016}, abstract ={Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common mono-neuropathy with various causes. This study aimed at evaluating the epidemiology of patients with the carpal tunnel syndrome referred to Sina Hospital in Hamedan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-cross sectional study, 300 patients (600 hands) suffering from paresthesia, pain and weakness of the first to third finger were studied. Diagnosis and severity of the disease was evaluated according to history, examination and electro-diagnostic studies. Afterall the data were collected. Results: This study was conducted on 230 (76.7%) females and 70 (23.3%) males with the mean ages of 47.3±17.4 and 49.1±20.2 years, respectively (P=0.224). Sixteen of them were left-handed and the rest were right-handed. Also, 113 of the patients had risk factors such as diabetes with the prevalence of 18.1% and hypothyroidism with 6.4% as the most common ones. The most common occupations were carpet weaving and milking with prevalence rates of 19.4% and 13.3%, respectively. In electro-diagnostic findings, 57% of the patients had moderate involvement and 16.6% had severe involvement. The Phalen and Tinel test was positive in 32.2% of the patients and negative in 32.2% of the cases. There was a relationship between the severity of involvement and probability of a positive Phalen and Tinel test. Conclusion: Considering that 76% of the cases were women and among jobs, after housekeeping, carpet weaving and milking are the most common ones, paying more attention to these people and designing the proper work tools (especially carpet weaving and milking tools) as well as training of the housewives are recommended to prevent this syndrome.}, Keywords = {Carpal tunnel syndrome, Epidemiology, Electrodiagnosis}, volume = {21}, Number = {5}, pages = {505-498}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3367-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3367-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ramezanihossienabadi, Mahdieh and Haji-Ghasem-Kashani, Maryam and Abrari, Kataneh}, title = {Improvement of spatial memory of male parkinsonian rats after treatment with adipose stem cells and rosemary leaf extract}, abstract ={Background: Due to the neuroprotective effect of rosemary extract, this study aimed at examining the effect of co-treatment of adipose stem cells transplantation and the extract on memory disability of parkinsonian rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male parkinsonian rats were prepared by bilateral injection of 6-OHDA. The sham group was injected normal saline into the substantia nigra. The extract+medium group was gavaged with the extract 14 days before until 8 weeks after the injury, and the medium was intravenously injected. The extract+cell group was orally gavaged with the extract and the cells were injected. Morris water maze training was conducted one week before and after the lesion and also a retrieval test was performed 4 and 8 weeks after the lesion. Results: There was no significant difference in distance moved and escape latency at training days, before the injury, between the groups. However, a week after the injury, learning ability in lesioned animals was significantly decreased as compared to the sham group (P<0.05). Results of retention tests in four and eight weeks were similar. Duration of escape latency and time spent in target quadrant of lesioned rats were significantly increased and decreased respectively as compared to the sham (P<0.05). The extract+medium and extract+cell groups showed significant decrease and increase in escape latency and time spent in target quadrant as compared to the lesioned group (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion: The cell therapy accompanied with orally administration of the rosemary extract can improve memory deficit in Parkinson’s disease. }, Keywords = {Stem cell, Rosemary extract, Parkinson, Spatial memory, Morris water maze }, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {506-516}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3307-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3307-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mirchenari, Maryam and Tavakoli, Farnaz}, title = {The effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis L. on the electrolytes and serum proteins in adult diabetic male rat}, abstract ={Background: Diabetes is the result of functional impairment of insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the Salvia officinalis (SO) extract on serum levels of albumin, total protein and serum sodium and potassium electrolytes. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 10. The control group received food and water, the diabetic group received 60 mg/kg streptozotocin, the SO-treated control group received 400 mg/kg of SO daily, and the SO-treated diabetic groups received 200 and 400 mg/kg of SO daily. Injections were performed intraperitoneally. After 21 days, the blood sample was taken from the heart to measure the factors. Results: The serum concentration of potassium in the diabetic group showed a significant increase compared to the control group and showed a significant decrease in the treated diabetic group compared to the diabetic group. The serum concentration of sodium in the diabetic group was significantly lower than the control group. Also, the serum concentrations of albumin and total proteins in the diabetic group significantly decreased compared to the control group and these concentrations significantly increased in the treated diabetic groups compared to the diabetic group. Moreover, the serum levels of albumin and total proteins in the treated control group significantly increased compared to the control group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The antioxidant compounds of the SO extract can increase the serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, potassium and sodium and have been proven effective in reducing complications of diabetes.}, Keywords = {Diabetes, Salvia officinalis L., Albumin, Total protein, Serum electrolytes}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {517-524}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3239-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3239-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Vaziri-Katehshori, Narges and Noori, Ali}, title = {The effect of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on sex hormone levels and ovarian tissue in female Wistar rats}, abstract ={Background: Due to the application of carbon nanotubes in biological fields and the possibility of their toxic effects, this study was conducted to examine the toxic effect of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on ovaries in rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 rats were studied as follows: control group received normal saline, and experimental groups received the concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg of multi-wall carbon nanotubes functionalized with the carboxylic group in 8 steps intraperitoneally. Blood samples were collected in two phases (one day and 20 days after the last injection) and the serum hormone levels of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone and also the amount of malondialdehyde were measured. In addition, the tissue sections of ovary were stained by hematoxylin-eosin and studied. Results: The results of the first stage showed a significant reduction in all hormones in all concentrations in the experimental group compared to the control group. In the second stage, the level of FSH increased significantly in exposure to 10 and 20mg/kg concentrations of nanotubes and the estrogen level increased by 20mg/kg concentration of nanotubes, but the LH and progesterone hormones showed no significant change compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean weight of the rats and the amount of malondialdehyde during the experiment. The histological results showed degradation of the granular layer, absence of corpus luteum and non-oocyte follicles in exposure to 10 and 20mg/kg concentrations of carbon nanotubes. Conclusion: It seems that carbon nanotubes, along with probable accumulation in the ovary, with the effect of oxidative stress, affect the level of sex hormones and cause disorders in the ovarian tissue.}, Keywords = {Multi-wall carbon nanotubes, Ovary, Toxicity, Hormone}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {525-533}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3309-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3309-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Mozhgan and Abbassi-Daloii, Asieh and Ziaolhagh, Seyed Javad and Yahyaei, Behrooz}, title = {Structural changes of cardiac tissue in response to boldenone supplementation with or without alcoholic extract of jujuba fruit during resistance training in male Wistar rats}, abstract ={Background: Abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids has been linked to a variety of different cardiovascular side effects. The use of medicinal herbs has been shown to reduce disease and cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed at examining the structural changes of the cardiac tissue in response to boldenone supplementation along with the alcoholic extract of jujuba during resistance training in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats aged 8-12 weeks (weight 202±9.34 g) were randomly divided into five groups: control, boldenone, extract of iujuba+boldenone, boldenone+resistance training and boldenone+resistance training+extract of jujuba. The resistance training program included climbing the ladder for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, 1 session training in a day and each session consisted of the 3 sets and 5 repetitions. Injection was conducted in depth in the hamstring once a week, on an appointed day. After anesthesia, autopsy was performed and the cardiac tissue was isolated. Results: The results showed that boldenone caused tissue damage, hyperemia, abnormal cytoplasm and unclear and dispersed nuclei. In the boldenone+resistance training group, the heart tissue had high levels of hyperemia and the muscle cells were a little abnormal. In the boldenone+jujube group, appearance of the tissue was normal and a restorative effect was evident in the tissue. Conclusion: It seems that boldenone can cause structural damage to the heart tissue and the resistance training along with the jujube extract can reduce some of the cardiovascular disorders (necrosis and inflammation) caused by the use of anabolic steroids.}, Keywords = {Boldenone, Cardiac tissue, jujuba, Resistance training, Rats}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {534-542}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3350-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3350-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mousaee, Zeinab and Shahrokhabadi, Khadije and Entezary, Malihe}, title = {Evaluation of the effect of Fennel extract on TERT gene expression changes in mouse liver tumors induced with cancer}, abstract ={Background: The use of plants for therapeutic purposes is the source of many modern medical treatments. In this study, at first, the cytotoxicity of the Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) extract on cancer cells was studied. Then, TERT gene expression changes were estimated via induction of cancer and extract treatment. Materials and Methods: At first, different concentrations of the Fennel extract were obtained for cell morphology and the MTT assay. Afterwards, cancer in mice was induced. Sampling was performed to determine changes in gene expression after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. After that, RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized, and gene expression changes were studied. Results: Results showed an inhibitory effect on both cell lines at 50% inhibition (IC50) of proliferation at 200 µg/ml after 72 hours using the MTT assay. The morphology results in the third day in 100 and 200 concentrations showed that the extract caused complete degeneration and destruction of cancer cells. The results of analysis of the graphs revealed that the expression of TERT gene in treated cancer samples decreased on days 7, 14 and 28 compared with the control. Conclusion: The Fennel extract has dual effects on cancer cells through initiating intracellular events. In high concentrations, the extract stimulates proliferative growth in cancer cells and in low concentrations it has inhibitory effects on cell growth and proliferation. In the evaluation of the extract on TERT gene expression, a reduction was observed in gene expression on days 7, 14 and 28. Therefore, the Fennel extract can affect the gene expression through its effect on molecular pathways.}, Keywords = {Hepato carcinoma, TERT Gene, MTT assay, TUBO cell line, Foeniculum vulgare}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {543-552}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3381-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3381-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Zamani-Esmati, Parisa and Baharara, Javad and Iranbakhsh, Alireza and Ramezani, Tayebe}, title = {The effect of silver nanoparticles covered with the Achillea biebersteinii plant extract on angiogenesis of chick chorioallantoic membrane}, abstract ={Background: Angiogenesis is a major event in many diseases such as cancer. Today, using silver nanoparticles in industry and medicine has taken into consideration. The Achillea biebersteinii extract has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The present study aimed at examining the effects of silver nanoparticles coated with the A. biebersteinii extract on angiogenesis of chick chorioallantoic membrane. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 fertilized eggs Ross were randomly divided into 5 groups: the sham and experimental groups 1 to 4. In the second day of incubation, the window was opened on eggs and the eggs were treated with 50, 100, 150 and 200 μg/mL silver nanoparticles. At the twelfth day, the samples were photographed and the number and lengths of vessels around the sponges, the length of crown-rump, fetal weight and blood vessels' hemoglobin levels were recorded and compared with the control group. Results: The results showed that the 50 μg/mL of silver nanoparticles had no significant effect on the angiogenesis process. However, 100,150 and 200 μg/mL of the nanoparticles doses-dependently decreased the number, length and content of hemoglobin in the blood vessels. Also, fetal weight and crown-rump in concentrations 150 and 200 μg/mL showed a significant decrease compared with the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles coated with A. biebersteinii extracts can be considered in the studies of diseases associated with angiogenesis such as cancer.}, Keywords = {Angiogenesis, Chorioalantoic membrane, Silver nanoparticls, Achillea biebersteinii}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {553-561}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3002-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3002-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Elham and Amini, Kumarss and Sadeh, Mojtab}, title = {Prevalence of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric cancer in Karaj city, 2016}, abstract ={Background: It is estimated that approximately half of the planet's population is infected with Helicobacter pylori and 70%-60% of the infections in the Western countries are caused by cagA-positive strains. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes in H. pylori isolated from patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 non-repetitive biopsy samples were collected from patients undergoing endoscopy in the endoscopic center of the Shahid Fayaz Hospital in Karaj. The presence of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes was determined using the multiplex PCR method. Results: Of the 50 gastric biopsies, 44 samples (88%) were positive for the presence of various virulence genes. The molecular analysis of virulence factors showed that the prevalence rates of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes were 16 (32%), 8 (16%), 13 (26%), 7 (14%) and 17 (34%), respectively. There was a significant relationship between sex, smoking and gastric ulcer with some genes, but no significant relationship was found between the family history and age group with any of the genes. Conclusion: The presence of various pathogenic genes has a significant effect on gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. The effects of other genes, such as hrgA, are important in tissue damage and inflammatory responses.}, Keywords = {Helicobacter pylori, cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA, hrgA }, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {562-568}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3171-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3171-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Barazandeh, Fatemeh and Onsory, Khadijeh and Mohseni-Meybodi, Anahit}, title = {Association between miR Let-7g gene expression and the risk of cervical cancer in human papillomavirus-infected patients}, abstract ={Background: The miR Let-7g expression has been investigated in several cancers but no report is available on cervical cancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between miR Let-7g expression and the risk of cervical cancer in human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected patients. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 20 paraffin-embedded tissue samples were collected from HPV-infected cervical cancer patients, 20 samples from patients with no infection and 20 healthy women referred to the Mirzakochak Khan Jangali Hospital in Tehran in 2015. Then, the miR Let-7g gene expression was measured by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results: The results showed that miR Let-7g expression was decreased in HPV-infected and non-infected cervical cancer patients compared to the control group (P=0.0001and P=0.03, respectively). There was a significant decrease in miR Let-7g expression in HPV-infected patients compared to non-infected ones (P=0.0001). Also, a positive correlation was observed between decreased miR Let-7g expression and the stage of the disease, but no significant correlation was found between age of the patients and the level of gene expression in the studied population. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the miR Let-7g expression in cervical cancer patients is significantly decreased compared to the control group. Therefore, evaluation of the microRNA expression can be used as a valuable prognostic marker for early diagnosis of cervical cancer.}, Keywords = {Cervical cancer, Human papillomavirus, MicroRNA Let7g gene expression, Real-time PCR}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {569-576}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3268-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3268-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mirzapour, Aliyar and Yousefi, Masoud and Zaker-Bostanabadi, Saeed and Hashemi-Shahraki, Abdolrazagh and Nazari-Alam, Ali and Ebrahimi, Soltan Ahm}, title = {Identification of Mycobacterium species isolated from patients using high-performance liquid chromatography in Tehran during 2014-2015}, abstract ={Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are defined as mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), which do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy. Early and precise diagnosis of NTM is particularly important for the correct epidemiological control and specific treatments. The aim of this study was to identify the mycobacterium species isolated from patients referred to hospitals in Tehran using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a collection of isolates (n=20) was obtained from clinical specimens submitted to the Masoud Laboratory in Tehran, Iran, during 2014-2015. The strains were isolated from sputum, urine, blood, and various sterile body fluid specimens. Chromatography was conducted at a flow rate with a curvilinear gradient of methanol and methylene chloride, beginning at 98% methanol containing 2% methylene chloride and ending at 35% methanol contained in 65% methylene chloride. Results: From a total of 20 clinical isolates, 8 isolates (40%) were identified as Mycobacterium abscessus, 6 isolates (30%) M. tuberculosis, 3 isolates (15%) M. intracellulare and 3 isolates (15%) M. fortuitum. Conclusion: For the proper treatment, rapid differentiation between MTB and NTM should be performed in persons who are diagnosed with or are suspected of having infectious TB disease. So, the HPLC method can be suggested as a cost-effective, specific and reliable method for rapid identification of MTB and differentiation of NTM strain from positive cultures isolated from clinical specimens.}, Keywords = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chromatography high pressure liquid, Tuberculosis, Sputum, Identification}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {577-583}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3349-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3349-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Zahraei, Zohreh and Sarlak, Atefeh and Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeel}, title = {Investigation of c-Myc gene amplification in breast cancer patients and its correlation with other prognostic factors}, abstract ={Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in woman. The frequency of amplification of some proto-oncogenes like c-Myc gene may be various in different populations.  In this study, amplification of c-Myc oncogene was determined in breast cancer patients and its correlation with prognostic factors such as age, tumor size, tumor stage, grade of the disease, lymph node involvement, HER/2 protein expression, estrogen and progesterone receptors and recurrence was also investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study, to determine the amplification of c-Myc oncogenes in breast cancer patients, the multiplex PCR technique was used. After extracting DNA from 100 tumor tissue and 8 normal breast tissue samples, amplification of c-Myc gene was determined by coamplification of a single-copy reference gene, g-IFN, and the target gene c-myc in PCR reaction and using the Gel analyzer software. In the next step, the correlation of the amplification of this gene with other prognostic factors was investigated. Results: In this study, amplification of the c-Myc gene was observed in 27% of the tumor samples. The statistic analysis showed that amplification of the c-Myc oncogene was significantly associated with the recurrence of breast cancer. There was no significant correlation between amplification of the c-Myc oncogene and other prognostic factors including age, estrogen and progesterone receptors, lymph node involvement, HER/2 expression, tumor size, stage and grade of the disease. Conclusion: Amplification of the c-Myc gene can be used as an independent prognostic factor in predicting the recurrence in breast cancer patients.}, Keywords = {Breast cancer, Gene amplification, c-Myc oncogene, Prognostic factors}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {584-590}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3267-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3267-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Esalatmanesh, Kamal and Soleimani, Zahra and Gilasi, Hamid Reza and Kavandy, Mohammad and Esalatmanesh, Rozbeh}, title = {The relationship between the serum levels of copper and zinc and brucellosis disease}, abstract ={Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease in humans and animals and a public health problem throughout the world. Given that measuring changes in the levels of trace elements is a good marker for the diagnosis of infectious diseases from non-infectious ones, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the serum levels of copper and zinc and brucellosis. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with the brucellosis disease and the subjects were divided into two groups of case and control (n=50 in each group). The serum levels of copper and zinc were measured using the automatic absorptive spectrophotometer. Results: From a total of 100 patients, 31 patients (31%) were females and 69 (69%) were males. The mean age of the patients in the case group was 32.74±13.7 years and in the control group was 33.44±13.6 years. The results showed that the serum copper level was significantly increased and the zink level significantly decreased in the patients with brucellosis (P<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that the serum levels of copper and zinc can be used as a valid marker for the diagnosis of brucellosis.}, Keywords = {Brucella, Copper, Zinc, Serum}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {591-595}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3189-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3189-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ghiasian, Masoud and Daneshyar, Sajjad and Mazaheri, Shahir and Azimi, Hos}, title = {Epidemiologic assessment of trigeminal neuralgia in patients referred to the Imam clinic of Hamedan city during 2013-2015}, abstract ={Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common disease of the fifth cranial nerve. This study aimed at evaluating the epidemiology of patients with the trigeminal neuralgia referred to Imam Clinic in Hamedan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 40 patients with trigeminal neuralgia symptoms were studied. Diagnosis of patients was made based on the history, physical examination and paraclinical tests. Results: This study was conducted on 27 (67.5%) females and 13 (32.5%) males with the mean ages of 43.3±16.9 and 51.7±21.5 years, respectively (P=0.526).The incidence of this disease was higher among young women than others. The right side involvement was detected in 47.5%, left side involvement in 40% and bilateral involvement in 12.5% of the cases. Regarding the engaged nerve branch, simultaneous engagement of maxillary and mandibular nerves was seen in 47.5%, mandibular in 27.5%, maxillary in 20%, and ophthalmic in 5% of the individuals. The primary causes were seen in 42.5% and secondary causes in 57.5% of the cases. Among the secondary causes, face surgery and multiple sclerosis had the highest rate (39.1%), followed by tumors (21.7%). Also, 65% of the patients had normal MRI and 35% had abnormal one. Conclusion: Due to the similar symptoms of the disease such as dental pain, and also maxillofacial surgery in the elderly as one of the most common secondary causes of this disease, facial surgeons and dentists should know more about this disease to avoid unnecessary surgeries.}, Keywords = { Neuralgia, Trigeminal nerve, Facial pain}, volume = {21}, Number = {6}, pages = {596-601}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3418-en.html}, eprint = {http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-3418-en.pdf}, journal = {Feyz Medical Sciences Journal}, issn = {1029-7855}, eissn = {2008-9821}, year = {2017} }