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Showing 11 results for Parkinson
Hasan Daneshmandi , Parisa Sedaghati, Noredin Karimi, Amir Hosein Barati , Seyyed Mojtaba Banitaba-Bidgoli ,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (8-2014)
Abstract
Background: Parkinson disease is a CNS disease of senile characterized with gradual and progressive muscular rigidity, tremor and the loss of locomotor skills. The aim of the present study was to review the exercise/physical interventions relevant to the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson disease. Materials and Methods: This review was done using a systematic search in Sportdi, PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar cites on papers published during 1995-2013 in the field of training, exercise/movement therapy on Parkinson. Moreover, the review was done in four categories: postural instability, balance performance, quality of life, walking and risk of falling. Results: Despite the diversity in training program, the majority of studies reported significant benefits in addition to the conventional medical treatments on the movement performance in Parkinson's disease. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of exercise in the improvement of different aspects of movement performance among the Parkinson patients, in future the clinicians are required to take special consideration on applying movement therapy along with medical treatments for specific measurements on the biomechanical aspects of the disease.
Ebrahim Kouchaki, Parisa Sedaghati, Hasan Daneshmandi ,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background: Considering progressive increase in the senile population and increasing number of Parkinson patients (PP) and their movement disorders, researchers are searching for some non-medicinal strategies (i.e. corrective exercises) to promote the efficiency of physical performance and quality of life (QOL) among PP. The aim of this study was to assess the fear of falling (FOF) and QOL following a functional movement protocol in PP.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was done on PP using a purposeful available sampling. After taking an informed consent, participants (no=44) referring to the neurology clinics of Kashan (2014) were divided into three groups. A ten-week training protocol was performed for Experimental groups (with or without foam pad) in stable and unstable surfaces. During pre-/post-test followed by one-month follow-up, the FOF and the QOL variables were measured and analyzed using repeated-measure ANOVA.
Results: A significant difference was found for FOF and QOL parameters in Foam pad group compared to Non-foam pad group. So as the mean for FOF in Experimental group with and without Foam pad was changed from 42.00±6.44 to 26.87±6.41 and from 43.21±5.61 to 40.07±3.66, respectively. In addition, the mean for QOL parameters in experimental group with and without Foam pad was changed from 114.20±15.53 to 154.33±12.03 and from 115.36±19.86 to 141.36±13.44, respectively.
Conclusion: Under the influence of corrective exercises on unstable surfaces, the PP can benefit a better functional performance and a decreased FOF and progress towards some optimal stable controlling patterns for preventing the falling.
Azam Khalaj, Ramesh Ahmadi,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (11-2016)
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease of central nervous system, characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the nigrostriatal pathway with clinical symptoms (e.g. resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia and disturbances in postural reflex). Diabetes as a metabolic disease has diverse complications (e.g. hyperglycemia) that may affect the severity of Parkinson symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on catalepsy of Reserpine-induced Parkinson model in diabetic male rat.
Materials and Methods: In this study, Wistar rats (n=48) were divided into 8 groups (Control, Diabetes, Exercise, Parkinson, Parkinson+Diabetes, Parkinson+Diabetes+ Exercise, Parkinson+Exercise and Diabetes+Exercise). Diabetes was induced by single injection of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p) and Parkinson's model was induced by the injection of Reserpine (1mg/kg, i.p) for 2 days. The bar-test was used to measure cataleptic symptoms. All animals in the Exercise group were forced to run on a motorized treadmill (24 m/min for 20 min, 5 day/week) for 3 weeks. The SPSS software was used for analyzing data using the ANOVA at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The catalepsy was significantly more and less sever in the Diabetes + Parkinsonm and Parkinson+ Diabetes+Exercise group than the Diabetes+Parkinson group, respectively.
Conclusion: While diabetes can influence the Reserpine-induced catalepsy in animal Parkinson model, exercise can improve it.
Mahdieh Ramezanihossienabadi, Maryam Haji-Ghasem-Kashani, Kataneh Abrari,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background: Due to the neuroprotective effect of rosemary extract, this study aimed at examining the effect of co-treatment of adipose stem cells transplantation and the extract on memory disability of parkinsonian rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male parkinsonian rats were prepared by bilateral injection of 6-OHDA. The sham group was injected normal saline into the substantia nigra. The extract+medium group was gavaged with the extract 14 days before until 8 weeks after the injury, and the medium was intravenously injected. The extract+cell group was orally gavaged with the extract and the cells were injected. Morris water maze training was conducted one week before and after the lesion and also a retrieval test was performed 4 and 8 weeks after the lesion.
Results: There was no significant difference in distance moved and escape latency at training days, before the injury, between the groups. However, a week after the injury, learning ability in lesioned animals was significantly decreased as compared to the sham group (P<0.05). Results of retention tests in four and eight weeks were similar. Duration of escape latency and time spent in target quadrant of lesioned rats were significantly increased and decreased respectively as compared to the sham (P<0.05). The extract+medium and extract+cell groups showed significant decrease and increase in escape latency and time spent in target quadrant as compared to the lesioned group (P<0.05), respectively.
Conclusion: The cell therapy accompanied with orally administration of the rosemary extract can improve memory deficit in Parkinson’s disease.
Elham Ghasemi Deligani, Maryam Khosravi, Mahmoud Salami Zavareh, Ramin Haji Khani,
Volume 25, Issue 5 (11-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder of aging that no effective treatment for this disease has been identified so far. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of human endometrial stem cells with pomalidomide as an anti-inflammatory drug on Oxygen reactive species (ROS), C-reactive protein (CRP) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) gene expression.
Materials and Methods: Forty male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (8 animals in each group) control, Parkinson's and 3 experimental Parkinson's groups receiving stem cells (100,000 cells), pomalidomide (4mg/kg/day) and a combination of stem cells and pomalidomide. Induction of Parkinson's disease was performed by injection of 6-hydroxy dopamine (concentration 6 μg) in the striatum by stereotaxic method. At the end of day 28 after treatment, blood samples were prepared from all groups and the desired factors were measured and statistically analyzed.
Results: The results showed a significant decrease in ROS, CRP and ERK gene expression in the treated groups compared with the Parkinson's group ( P <0.05). Also, the comparison of the mentioned factors between the control group and Parkinson's group showed a significant increase in Parkinson's group ( P <0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the improvement of the measured factors in Parkinson's rats, allogeneic stem cells can be used as a potential source in future research along with pomalidomide for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Esmail Alipour-Nosrani, Mohsen Ghazanfari, Masoumeh Eslahi, Mohammad Hajijafari, Mohsen Taghizadeh,
Volume 26, Issue 6 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a progressive disorder caused by degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons leads to bradykinesia, tremor, and cognitive dysfunction. The administration of Z. jujuba in animal models of nervous system disorder had favorable effects on memory ability and oxidative stress biomarkers. Accordingly, we assessed the influence of Z. jujuba aqueous extract administration on learning, memory, locomotor activity and oxidative stress biomarker in rats with Parkinson’s disease.
Materials and Methods: In this study forty adult Wistar rats allocated into four groups were sham group, untreated Parkinson study group and two groups treated with aqueous extract of Z. jujube at two different concentrations of 500 and 1000 mg/kg/days. PD induction was done by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Rotations activity was assessed by injection of apomorphine. Morris water maze was utilized to evaluate spatial learning and memory. Also, oxidative stress was evaluated by malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarker.
Results: Our data showed that the 6-OHDA-induced PD led to the learning, memory and rotations activity dysfunctions. Administration of 1000 mg/kg of Z. jujube improved the learning and memory (P<0.0001). In addition, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of Z. jujube decreased the apomorphine-induced rotations (P<0.0001). Also, Z. jujube decreased malondialdehyde level in midbrain and hippocampus (P<0.05).
Conclusion: aqueous extract of Z. jujube administrated by the animal model of PD can has favorable potentials on memory, learning, apomorphine-induced rotations and brain malondialdehyde level.
Mansooreh Shamsi-Soosahab, Alireza Elmieh, Ramin Shabani,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease is a progressive and destructive disorder of the central nervous system. This study aimed to determine the effect exercise training and olive oil consumption on genes expression of the AKT¸ caspase3 and the spatial learning of rats with parkinson's disease
Materials and Methods: in this study, 30 rats were divided into 5 groups of 6: healthy control¸ parkinson´s control¸ parkinson´s+olive oil¸ parkinson´s+exercise training¸ parkinson´s+exercise training+olive oil. The rats were fed 0.4 ml of olive oil daily for 8 weeks. Aerobic training was performed 5 days a week for 30 minutes and at a speed of 11 meters per minute. Resistance exercise begin with %30 of the rat´s weight and it reached %100 of the rat´s weight in the eighth week. The gene expression of AKT and caspase3 was measured through PCR-real time and spatial learning using radial maze. Data analyzed using one-way of variance and Thomhan's follow up test.
Result: Increase in AKT genes expressin, reduced in caspase3 expression and spatial learning improvement significantly observed in exercise training and exercise training+olive oil compared to the parkinson's control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: exercise training with and without olive oil consumpsion can be effective in improving spatial learning by increasing AKT and decreasing caspase3.
Morteza Hossienzadeh, Asiyeh Abbassi Daloii, Seyed Ali Hoseini, Ahmad Abdi,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Mitochondrial dysfunction in brain tissue plays a significant role in the development of Parkinson's disease. This study aimed to assess the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic training and garlic supplementation on the gene expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1-a) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in the brain tissue of elderly rats with Parkinson's disease.
Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups: 1) healthy control (HC), 2) Parkinson's control (Res), 3) Parkinson's-aerobic exercise (AT), 4) Parkinson-garlic supplement (G), and 5) Parkinson-aerobic exercise-garlic supplement (AT+G). Parkinson's disease was induced by injecting 2 mg/kg of reserpine. Aerobic training was conducted five times a week, with each session lasting 15-48 minutes at speeds ranging from 10 to 24 meters per minute over 8 weeks. The supplement groups received a daily dose of 500 mg/kg of garlic via gavage. The gene expression of PGC1-a and TFAM in brain tissue was assessed using real-time PCR.
Results: The expression of the PGC1-a gene in the G, AT, and AT+G groups was significantly higher than that in the Res group, with the AT+G group showing significantly higher expression than the G group (P=0.001). TFAM gene expression in the AT (P=0.005) and AT+G (P=0.001) groups was significantly higher than in the Res group, with the AT+G group exhibiting higher expression compared to the G and AT groups (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The results suggest that the combination of exercise and garlic supplementation may have additive or synergistic effects on mitochondrial health and function in Parkinson's disease.
Mehdi Javidi, Mehrzad Moghadasi, Mohammdamin Edalatmanesh, Mehdi Noora,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Parkinson's disease is characterized by an increase in alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) and a decrease in cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) levels in the brain. This study aimed at investigating the effects of a period of high-intensity interval training in swimming on α-Syn and CREB gene expression in rats with Parkinson's disease.
Methods: In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats aged 8 to 10 weeks were selected. Fourteen rats were induced with Parkinson's disease through intraperitoneal injection of reserpine and randomly divided into patient and training groups. Additionally, seven healthy rats served as the control group. Rats in the training group underwent 20 sets of 30-second swims with 30-second rest intervals over a period of 6 weeks. α-Syn and CREB gene expression levels were measured using Real-Time PCR in blood samples collected 48 hours after the final training session in all groups.
Results: The patient group exhibited significantly higher α-Syn gene expression compared to both the control group and the training group (P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed between the training and control groups (P=0.2). Additionally, CREB gene expression was significantly lower in the patient group compared to both the control group and the training group (P=0.006 and P=0.003, respectively), with no significant difference between the training and control groups (P=0.6).
Conclusion: High-intensity interval training in swimming may reduce α-Syn expression and increase CREB levels, potentially contributing to the survival of dopamine neurons and improvement in Parkinson's disease symptoms. Further research in this area is warranted to validate these findings.
Sima Movahed, Jabbar Bashiri, Hasan Pourrazi, Roghayeh Pozesh Jadidi,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Parkinson's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of catalepsy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic training and food restriction on dopaminergic and catalepsy neurons in the brain tissue of Parkinson's disease model of rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months were randomly divided into five groups (n=8): healthy control (C), Parkinson's disease model (P), Parkinson's disease model + aerobic training (P+T), Parkinson's disease model + food restriction (P+FR), and Parkinson's disease model + aerobic training + food restriction (P+T+FR). The aerobic training regimen consisted of three months with five sessions per week at an intensity of 75-80% of maximum oxygen consumption. The food restriction group received approximately 11 grams of food daily. Catalepsy was assessed using the rod test, while dopaminergic neurons were quantified through brain sectioning and microscopic counting.
Results: The P+T+FR group exhibited a significant increase in dopaminergic neuron count compared to the C, P, P+T, and P+FR groups (P=0.001). Furthermore, a significant reduction in catalepsy was observed in the P+T+RF group compared to the P group (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The combination of three months of aerobic training and food restriction resulted in improvements in dopaminergic neuron count and reduced catalepsy in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. These findings suggest that aerobic training and food restriction could serve as potential complementary interventions for Parkinson's disease treatment, alongside pharmacological approaches, warranting further investigation in this area.
Mohammad Reza Khosravi, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Ghobad Hasanpoor, Mehdi Roozbehani,
Volume 28, Issue 3 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Parkinson's disease is associated with a dysfunction in the inflammatory system. This study aims to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of aerobic training combined with garlic supplementation on the expression of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) genes in the brain tissue of reserpine-induced parkinsonian rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 32 reserpine-induced parkinsonian rats (administered an intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg reserpine) were divided into four groups: 1) reserpine, 2) aerobic training (AT) for eight weeks, 3) garlic supplementation (G), and 4) AT + G. Additionally, eight healthy rats were included in a healthy control group. The aerobic training regimen consisted of five sessions per week for eight weeks, with each session lasting between 15 and 48 minutes at a speed of 10 to 24 m/min. Rats received 500 mg/kg/day of aqueous garlic extract via gavage. The gene expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the brain tissue were measured using the RT-PCR method. Motor balance was assessed using a rotarod device.
Results: IFN-γ gene expression was significantly lower in the G, AT, and AT + G groups compared to the reserpine group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, IL-4 levels and motor balance scores were significantly higher in these groups than in the reserpine group (P < 0.001). Notably, the combined effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise (AT) with garlic supplementation (G) on reducing IFN-γ gene expression levels and enhancing motor balance was significantly more favorable than that of garlic supplementation alone (P ≥ 0.05).
Conclusion: Both aerobic exercise and garlic supplementation seem to exert beneficial effects on the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory systems in the brain tissue, as well as on motor balance in neurological diseases. These findings suggest that integrating aerobic training with garlic supplementation may enhance therapeutic approaches for managing Parkinson's disease.
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