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Showing 26 results for Breast Cancer
Tahere Khamechian, Tahere Mazouchi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (1-2004)
Abstract
Background: Bear in mind the prevalence of breast cancer and the importance of identifying its risk factors and also with respect to the controversies regarding the positive family history of breast cancer, the present study was carried out to determine the frequency of positive family history of breast cancer in 100 breast cancer sufferers in Kashan, during a 7-year period, 1372-79. Materials and methods: For this descriptive study, all patients with breast cancer who had biopsies referred to pathology department of Kashan University were enrolled. Patients were interviewed and initial data gathered. Results: 100 female patients were enrolled. The mean age of subjects was 51±14.3 years (24-82 years). The frequency of breast cancer did not obey a regular pattern during the studied period. Of these, 51% had left-side, 46% had right-side, and 3% had bilateral tumor. Frequency of positive family history of breast cancer was 8% in first degree relatives, 13% in second degree relatives and 21% in total. Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the most common pathologic findings (88%). Conclusion: With respect to the high frequency of positive family history, better follow up, and more precise examination are highly recommended in subjects with positive family history of breast cancer.
Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei, Mohammad Bagher Tavakoli, Maryam Roufeh, Vahideh Nazari,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (10-2006)
Abstract
Background: I n this study Gd-hematoporphyrin and Gd-DTPA-C595 monoclonal antibody are used as specific contrast agents in detection of MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The spin-lattice relaxation time, Gd concentration and signal intensity of the washing solutions of contrast agents are presented and the results are compared. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer cells were incubated with Gd-H, Gd-DTPA-C595, Gd-DTPA, and Gd-Cl3. After centrifuging, the washing solutions was studied for concentration of Gd by UV‑spectrophotometry, and also by measuring spin-lattice (T1) relaxation time and produced signal intensity using NMR. Results: The highest relaxation time was 1026± 63.7 ms, and 1123± 26.9 ms and so the lowest signal intensity (170%, and 180%) was for washing solutions of Gd-H, and Gd-DTPA-C595 incubated with the cancer cells. It is found that these agents have attached to cell membrane of cancer cells, and so their amount is trivial in the washing solution. Conclusion: The shortest relaxation time and so highest signal intensity was for Gd-Cl3 which indicates that there is no binding of this agent with cancer cells membrane. It can be concluded that Gd-H, and Gd‑DTPA‑C595 are promising contrast agents for the detection of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in MRI.
Mahmoud Vakili, Majid Jafarizadeh, Mohammad Reza Sadeghian, Mohsen Mirrezaie, Mahmoud Norishadkam, Mohammad Hassan Lotfi, Iraj Harirchi, Saeid Karegar,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2009)
Abstract
Background: Maintenace and promotion of health are the duties of governments. For suitable resource allocation decisions in health sector, we need measures that combine information on mortality and non-fatal health outcomes. Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) have above mentioned features. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. It is the first cause of death in 40-44 years old women. Breast cancer has the highest age standardized incidence rate (ASR) in Yazd province in Iran. The aim of this study was to estimate burden (DALYs) of breast cancer in Yazd province to determine of its significance and also provide a base for evaluation of its control programs in Yazd. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study the burden (DALYs) of breast cancer in Yazd province in 2006 was measured by the use of specific cancer modeling software. Software input data consisted of province population, mortality rate of all causes, incidence rate, survival rate and mortality rate of breast cancer. The data were gathered from 2006 census, death registration system, cancer registry and expert panel, respectively. Results: The total burden of breast cancer for women in Yazd province was 580.6 years (DALYs), 461 years of which was due to premature death and 119.6 years of which to its disability. The burden of breast cancer for every 1000 Yazdian women was 1.22 (DALYs/1000). The age specific peak of burden was in 45-69 years women. Conclusion: The burden of breast cancer in Yazd province was higher than the other parts of Iran, probably for its higher ASR in Yazd. It seems that breast cancer is one of the health sector priorities in Yazd but definite judgment needs measuring the burden of all other cancers diseases and injuries and their ranking in this province.
Maryam Shokouhi , Saeedeh Esmaeili , Raheleh Sadat Fazelifard , Salehe Ahmadzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 7 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, that is, 12 percent of women are at risk for the breast cancer. Iron may induce oxidative stress via production of reactive oxygen species, facilitating carcinogenesis. Iron overload, wich was previously uncommon, has become common in many countries. Since the iron fortification of flour and bread is one of the major development goals, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of excess iron on breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Web sites of Google Scholar and Medline were searched for the related articles. Results: Free iron is peroxide that can cause oxidative stress and damage to DNA. Long-term consumption of iron can lead to iron overload in body. In addition, women's iron stores rise after menopause. Although studies have confirmed the carcinogenic effect of iron on animal, all the epidemiological studies have not confirmed it. Conclusion: Reactive oxygen species produced by normal aerobic cellular metabolism can lead to the release of free iron from ferritin. In addition to its independent role as a proxidant, high levels of free iron may potentiate the effects of estradiol, ethanol and ionizing radiation -three risk factors for breast cancer. Many studies have shown that the high levels of free iron in body may lead to breast cancer or fibrocystic changes in women especially after menopause.
Zeynab Kabiri, Neda Gholizadeh , Omid Reza Kakuee, Mohsen Saleh-Kotahi, Vahid Changizi , Vahid Fathollahi, Parvin Oliaiy, Omranipour,
Volume 16, Issue 7 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background: Trace elements are essential for all life forms and play a vital role in human nutrition and biochemical functions. Epidemiologic studies suggest that trace element deficiency may be associated with increased risk of cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, the levels of a number of the elements in scalp hair samples of 81 people (21 breast cancer patients, 50 people suffering from benign breast diseases and 10 healthy individuals) were measured by a PIXE analysis. Pellets of hair samples were prepared and bombarded by 2.2 MeV proton beam of a 3 MV Van de Graaff accelerator. Results: The concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe and Cu in the hair of healthy individuals are in agreement with those observed in the hair of the benign breast disease and cancer patients within the standard deviations. There was a significant decrease in the mean total of Zn in scalp hair samples of the cancer patients compared to the control group. The average scalp hair concentrations of Pb, Br were higher in the benign breast disease and cancer patients than the healthy control. Conclusion: If the deficiency or excess of a particular trace element can be linked to the cancer of an organ, such studies can be initiated to see whether controlled administering of that elements would check the growth of cancer, which ultimately can pave the way for developing a new drug to be used in chemotherapy for cancer.
Sayyede Fatemeh Abdollah Pouri Hosseini, Banafsheh Mashmouli ,
Volume 16, Issue 7 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women and one out of every eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer. Selenium as a micronutrient in the diet is an important factor in the production of antioxidant enzymes that may affect cancer progression. Considering the "cancer tsunami" in Iran and also the prevalence of Selenium deficiency in some provinces, we decided to investigate the relationship between this micronutrient and breast cancer in order to reduce the incidence of the disease and treatment costs by Selenium supplementation. Materials and Methods: Academic databases (e.g. Scopus, Pubmed, Google scholar and ScienceDirect) were searched. Results: Studies showed that a selenium supplementation reduced the breast cancer mortality rate in some nutrition intervention trials. A one-unit increase in serum Selenium levels reduced breast cancer risk up to 7%. Selenium is able to strengthen the function of tight junctions in human endothelial cells this has been proved to be true about human breast cancer cells. Conclusion: Our studies show that Selenium is a preventive agent for breast cancer. Also, Selenium supplementation is an important protective factor in the treatment of this illness and reduces the risk of developing breast cancer.
Rahim Golmohammadi, Mohammad Javad Namazi ,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Different epigenetic and genetic factors are associated with the development of breast cancer. Controversial results have been reported for oncogenic role of allelic polymorphism of the codon 72 of the p53 gene. Therefore, this study aimed to detect genotypic polymorphisms of p53 codon 72 in women with invasive ductal carcinoma in Sabzevar, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 160 samples, 80 cancerous patients and 80 matched healthy controls. DNA was amplified using the two pairs of specific primers of p53 codon 72. The genotype of the p53 gene was determined using electrophoresis. Results: The mean age of the patients and healthy controls were 47.22±12.95 and 48.02± 12.48, respectively. The frequencies of the heterozygote argenine/proline in the cancerous samples and controls were 49 (30.6%) and 51(31.9%), respectively. The frequencies of the homozygote argenine/argenine genotype in the cancerous and healthy ones were 29 (18.1%) and 15(9.4%), respectively. The frequencies of the homozygote proline/proline genotype in the patients and controls were 2 (1.3%) and 14 (8.8%), respectively which showed a significant difference in this genotype between the two groups. Conclusion: Results indicate that carcinogenesis of breast cancer can be affected by different genotypes of codon 72 of the p53 gene. Hence, the detection of the allelic polymorphisms of codon 72 of the p53 gene is a valuable tool for predicting progress, prognosis and treatment purposes.
Ahmad Alipour, Mahnaz Aliakbari Dehkordi , Sheida Sharifi-Saki ,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background: Cancer patients are facing with the problems such as anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and aggression, which affect the various aspects of their life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of teaching anger management skills using cognitive-behavioral approaches in the reduction of aggression. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design was performed on 30 female clients suffering from breast cancer referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during 2014-2015. The participants were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned to the experimental and control groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group answered the Buss and Pray’s scale of aggression before and after the therapy sessions. Results: After receiving the cognitive-behavioral therapy, results obtained from multivariate covariance analysis showed that the mean aggression score in the experimental group had a significantly meaningful reduction (P<0.05) compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: It seems that teaching the anger management skills, due to its cognitive improvement, has an effective role in the control of aggression among the women suffering from breast cancer.
Alireza Barari, Jabar Bashiri , Javad Asgari,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2015)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in the world in which markers such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) are considered important prognostic markers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a six-week swimming training program combined with Aloe vera extract on HER-2, ER and PR in mice with breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: The adenocarcinoma tumor implants through surgery in subcutaneously into 35 BALB/c mice and after a week they were divided into five groups: 1-training, 2- extract, 3-training+extract, 4- control (cancer) and 5- healthy control (without training or extract). Training groups performed a swimming training program for six weeks (10-60 minutes swimming, 3 days per week). Blood samples were taken 48 hours after the last bout to be analyzed for serum levels of HER-2, ER and PR.
Results: The results of the present study showed that the induction of adenocarcinoma caused a significant increase in serum levels of HER-2, ER and PR. Moreover, the training program and Aloe vera extract significantly decreased serum levels of HER-2, ER and PR compared to the control group.
Conclusion: These findings are promising regarding the probable potential of both interventions to reduce serum levels of these tumor markers however, it needs to be validated by further studies.
Rahman Golmohammadi, Mohammad Javad Namazi,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background: The carcinogenesis role of allelic polymorphism of codon F31I [T/A] of the serine/threonine kinase-15 (STK15) gene in geographic-dependent invasive ductal carcinoma is still controversial and worth to be studied. This study aimed to identify allelic polymorphisms of F31I codon in women with breast cancer compared to healthy controls in Sabzevar city, north-east Iran.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted on 200 women including 100 patients and 100 healthy controls. DNA samples were extracted using a standard kit and codon F31I was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The polymorphisms of different genotypes were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis and electrophoresis.
Results: The frequency of heterozygote phenylalanine/isoleucine (Phe/Ile) was 70 (35%) in the cancerous cases and 82 (41%) in controls. The frequency of homozygote isoleucine/isoleucine (Ile/Ile) was 30 (15%) in the patients and 18 (9%) in controls. The results did not show homozygote phenylalanine/phenylalanine (Phe/Phe) in either patients or controls. Moreover, there was a significant higher homozygote Ile/Ile in the patients compared to controls (P<0.034).
Conclusion: For the first time, the study reports that there is a significant higher rate for homozygote Ile/Ile in cancerous patients compared to controls in Sabzevar city. Therefore, determination of allelic polymorphism of F31I codon of STK15 can be a clinically valuable test for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment purposes in breast cancer.
Majid Ehsani, Fatemeh Atoof , Neda Nasri ,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women. Early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of BC is among the most debated topics in the world. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of BC can decrease the mortality rate to 2.2% per year. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival of patients with BC treated with anthracycline alone and combined to Taxane.
Materials and Methods: In this historic cohort study the BC cases (n=160) referred to oncology clinics during 2004-2012 were divided to two treatment groups (Anthracycline alone and Anthracycline+Taxane). Patients were followed-up until death or exclusion from study. On demand, every 6 months a bone scan and CT was taken; every 3 months using blood tests the cases were followed-up. The samples were analyzed for estrogen, progesterone and HER2 Neu receptor and then survival analysis.
Result: All cases (n=160) were divided into two equal treatment groups (Mean age: 47.4 years). While no significant difference was found between the two groups for age, estrogen, progesterone, HER2 Neu receptor, size/type of tumor, number of lymph node and metastasis rate, the mortality and exacerbation rates in Anthracycline group (12.5% and 7.5%, respectively) was significantly higher compared to Taxane group (3.8% and 0, respectively). In addition, the survival rate in Taxane group was higher.
Conclusions: Use of Taxane for BC reduces the mortality and exacerbation rates but increases its survival rate and life expectancy.
Zohreh Zahraei, Atefeh Sarlak, Mohammad Esmaeel Akbari,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in woman. The frequency of amplification of some proto-oncogenes like c-Myc gene may be various in different populations. In this study, amplification of c-Myc oncogene was determined in breast cancer patients and its correlation with prognostic factors such as age, tumor size, tumor stage, grade of the disease, lymph node involvement, HER/2 protein expression, estrogen and progesterone receptors and recurrence was also investigated.
Materials and Methods: In this study, to determine the amplification of c-Myc oncogenes in breast cancer patients, the multiplex PCR technique was used. After extracting DNA from 100 tumor tissue and 8 normal breast tissue samples, amplification of c-Myc gene was determined by coamplification of a single-copy reference gene, g-IFN, and the target gene c-myc in PCR reaction and using the Gel analyzer software. In the next step, the correlation of the amplification of this gene with other prognostic factors was investigated.
Results: In this study, amplification of the c-Myc gene was observed in 27% of the tumor samples. The statistic analysis showed that amplification of the c-Myc oncogene was significantly associated with the recurrence of breast cancer. There was no significant correlation between amplification of the c-Myc oncogene and other prognostic factors including age, estrogen and progesterone receptors, lymph node involvement, HER/2 expression, tumor size, stage and grade of the disease.
Conclusion: Amplification of the c-Myc gene can be used as an independent prognostic factor in predicting the recurrence in breast cancer patients.
Ali Taheri, Mgmostafa Ghaffari, Zeinab Bavi, Fariborz Sohili,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: Seaweed is one of the natural resources with a wide range of secondary metabolites, which has cytotoxic properties. The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of seaweed Sargassum glaucescens collected from Chabahar seashores against colorectal and breast cancer cells.
Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of methanol, chloroform, ethyl-acetate and hexane extracts of the seaweed at different concentrations (125, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) against cancer cells of MCF-7 and HT-29 was evaluated by MTT and trypan blue methods. The DNA fragmentation of cells was also investigated by the electrophoresis method.
Results: The percentage of live cells was decreased by increasing the concentration of the extracts. The concentration of 1000 μg/ml of methanol extract showed the highest effect compared to the control and also lower concentrations of the extract (P<0.05). The LC50 of the methanol extracts of colorectal and breast cancer cells were 630.8±16.37 and 774.01±28.07 µg/ml, respectively. Also, the algal methanol extract was able to fragment the DNA of cancer cells and to induce apoptosis compared with the control samples.
Conclusion: The cytotoxic effect of the seaweed extract can be the beginning of further studies to achieve cancer treatment. Also, after pre-clinical and clinical studies, these extracts can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Fatemeh Ghodratpour, Fahimeh Baghbani-Arani, Seyed Ataolah Sadat Shandiz,
Volume 22, Issue 6 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide among women. Nowadays, nanoparticles are interested as anti-cancer factors in studies related to cancer therapy. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and to evaluate NM23 gene expression in T47D breast cancer cells.
Materials and Methods: The cancerous T47D and normal HEK293 cell lines were treated with different concentration of ZnONPs for 24 hours and the cytotoxicity activity of ZnONPs was analyzed by the MTT assay. Then, the NM23 gene expression was evaluated using the real-time PCR method.
Results: According to MTT results, the ZnONPs significantly decreased the viability of T47D cells in dose-dependent manner. Also, the results revealed that the mRNA level of NM23 was up-regulated (7.8-fold) in cells treated with ZnONPs.
Conclusion: ZnONPs can destroy cancerous T47D cells compared to normal HEK293 cells. Furthermore, it seems that ZnONPs can modulate metastasis by enhancing the NM23 gene expression level in breast cancer T47D cells. Thus, ZnONPs can be considered as a promising strategy for the treatment of breast cancer.
Fatemeh Shiravand, Vahid Valipour, Mahdi Abbasi,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (8-2019)
Abstract
Background: Women with breast cancer do not have a desirable antioxidant defense system, especially catalase, lipid oxidation and aerobic power. Considering the effect of exercise training on these factors, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity circuit training on serum levels of catalase and malondialdehyde, and the aerobic power in breast cancer survivors.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 17 women rescued from breast cancer volunteered and randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=9) and control (n=8). Subjects participated in an 8-week HICT protocol that performed 3 sessions per week. 24 hours before and 48 hours after the training protocol, the fasting blood sample was taken by the laboratory expert between 7:30 minutes to 8 hours. Serum levels of catalase and malondialdehyde, and maximum oxygen consumption were measured. The analysis of covariance was used to identify any significant differences and statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
Results: The results showed that Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (P=0.90), weight (P=0.284) and malondialdehyde (P=0.154) had a non-significant difference and in the variables of Vo2max (P=0.0005) and catalase (P=0.036) there is a significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: It is suggested that short-term and effective exercise training such as HICT training, should be used with a view to facilitating and beneficial effects for women with breast cancer in order to reduce oxidative stress and improve aerobic capacity as a non-pharmacological supplement.
Zahra Farshidfar, Issac Rahimian-Booger, Javanshir Asadi, Payam Izadpanahi,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (10-2019)
Abstract
Background: This study’s aim was to determine the effectiveness of group behavioral activation therapy on adherence to treatment of women with breast cancer (WBC).
Methods and Materials: This is a randomized clinical trial. All patients with breast cancer were referred to the Iranmehr hospital of Birjand in 2018, selected as sample statistical population. First, a structured interview was conducted in line with the aim of the research, on 60 WBC referring to the hospital by an available sampling method. Then 32 patients with the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The data was collected with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (2008) and demographics questionnaire. The intervention group received treatment program of behavioral activation in 8 sessions of 120 minutes weekly, but the control group was placed on the waiting list. Data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software and variance analysis with repeated measures.
Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of the intervention group was 44.7 (7.7) and the control group was 45 (43.7), which was not statistically different (P=0.05, t=0.05). The results showed that the mean (standard deviation) post-test scores of non-adherence in the intervention group was 2.47 (0.69) significantly lower than the post-test scores of 15.27 (1) in the control group (P<0.004).
Conclusions: Group behavioral activation therapy significantly increases the adherence to treatment of WBC. Therefore, behavioral activation approach can be used as a short-term and cost-effective way to increase adherence to treatment of these patients by creating targeted activities, internal motivation, and self-efficacy in patients.
Ali Sharifzadeh, Faranak Aali, Milad Heidari, Neda Kowsari,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (6-2020)
Abstract
Background: Garlic (Allium sativum) belongs to the Liliaceae family and green tea (Camellia sinensis) belongs to the Theaceae family are widely used in folk medicine. Antibacterial, anticancer and antioxidant activity of these plants have been previously reported. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic activity of the extracts of garlic and green tea on breath cancer cell line (MCF-7) and HDF.
Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of different concentrations (250,500,750 μg/ml) of garlic and green tea ethanolic extracts on MCF-7 and HDF cell lines were examined. The cell lines were grown in RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% penicillin and streptomycin. The cells were allowed to incubate at 37ºC in an atmosphere that contained 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. The standard MTT assay was performed to estimate cell viability after treatment garlic and green tea extracts.
Results: The results of the MTT assay showed that garlic extract had time and concentration dependent anticancer activities on the MCF- 7 cell line (P<0.01). But, any effect of green tea extract on MCF-7 and HDF cell lines showed.
Conclusion: Results of this survey suggested that garlic extract has a good potential to control of cancer cells.
Roya Aliasghari-Renani, Zahra Doosti, Somayeh Reiisi,
Volume 24, Issue 5 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Studies have displayed that the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a crucial role in the incidence, progress, and metastasis of tumors. miRNAs have been considered as a biomarker as well as a therapeutic agent, thus gene therapy with miRNA is considered as one of the ways to treat cancer. miR-4516 has been reported to play a role in different diseases and malignancies. However, the expression level and biological function of miR-4516 in breast cancer remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the expression level and the effect of miR-4516 on the proliferation and migration in breast cancer.
Material and Methods: Tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected from 40 patients with breast cancer. MiR-4516 levels in breast cancer cell lines and tumor tissue were measured by real-time PCR. Pre-mir-4516 was cloned in the pEGFPN1 vector. Then human breast cancer MCF7 cells were cultured and pre-miR-4516 vector and control vector were transfected into cells. After transfection, a miR-4516 level was verified by QPCR. Cell proliferation and migration were studied with MTT assay and scratch test respectively.
Results: miR-4516 was down-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Low expression of miR-4516 was directly related to the high-grade tumor. miR-4516 suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation, but not migration in vitro.
Conclusions: miR-4516 may function as a tumor suppressor and inhibits the proliferation which may consequently serve as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Narges Heshemi, Golnaz Asaditehrani, Neda Jabara, Kumarss Amini,
Volume 25, Issue 5 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women around the world, in which mostly is seen in women over 50 years old age. IL-17 which has the main role in responding to inflammation plays role in the early stages of tumorigenic and primary tumor formation. Epidemiological studies have shown that IL-17 is associated with the risk of cancer. This study aimed to investigatory the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-17-A rs2275913 G>A and IL-17 F rs763780 T>C genes in women with breast cancer this study.
Materials and Methods: In this research 50 patients and 50 healthy samples were studied as a control group. After genomic DNA extraction, genotype determination of rs2275913 and rs763780 polymorphisms was performed by Tetra- ARMS-PCR method and finally the results statistically were analyzed.
Results: In the current research GG, AG and AA genotype frequencies of IL-17A gene in patient and normal samples were [12(24%), 23(46%),15(30%)] and [21(42%), 27(54%), 2(4%)] respectively, (GA vs GG/AA, OR= 1.49, 95% CI: 0.61-3.67, AA vs GG/GA, OR= 13.12, 95% CI: 2.55-67.46). Also the frequency of an allele in patient and normal population was detected 53% and 31% respectively. IL-17A-197A allele in comparison with G significantly increased risk of breast cancer (OR= 2.510, 95% CI: 1.408-4.473). No significant difference was observed between IL-17 F 7488 T>C gene’s polymorphism and breast cancer’s incidence (OR= 1/000, 95% CI: 0.24-4.24).
Conclusion: The results indicated that IL-17A rs2275913G>A polymorphism was associated with breast cancer in women, which could be effective in the treatment and clinical management of this disease. In contrast, IL-17F rs763780T>C polymorphism did not showed significant association with the susceptibility of breast cancer.
Mona Danaei Kousha, Samaneh Sadat Tabatabaei, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh, Ghasem Ahi,
Volume 26, Issue 6 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women, and according to the report of the World Health Organization, this statistic has been increasing in recent years. So, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of group positive behavioral therapy and group cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive flexibility among women with breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: The present study was an experimental study. The selected statistical population of the study included all women with breast cancer who referred to the breast clinic of Milad Hospital in 1400. Among the clients, 45 people were selected by random face sampling. People were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 people). The experimental groups underwent cognitive-behavioral and positive therapy in 8 weekly sessions of 90 minutes. Dennis and Vanderwaal's cognitive flexibility questionnaire was used to collect information. The data was analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis with SPSS-20 software.
Result: The results indicated a significant difference in the effect of the two treatments on the variable scores of cognitive flexibility (P<0.05). Although the positive group therapy was effective on all three components of cognitive flexibility, the cognitive behavioral therapy group had a greater effect on the cognitive flexibility of women with breast cancer than the positive therapy group.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the use of cognitive behavioral therapy and positive behavioral therapy can improve the cognitive flexibility of women with breast cancer. So, the use of these methods is recommended by counselors and psychologists in clinics and hospitals.
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