History and Objectives: Due to the prevalence of the recurrent cutaneous Leishmaniasis and its resistance to major therapeutic measures and due to the success of carbon dioxide laser therapy among acute cutaneous Leishmaniasis, the present study was carried out on patients referred to the Al-Zahra hospital of Isfahan.

Materials and Methods: A clinical, semi-experimental study was conducted. Diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical signs, previous history of the infection and previous therapies. Direct examination and biopsy was taken. Patients were not pregnant or no their lactating period. The effect of laser therapy was determined based on the tolerance of the patients, side effects, improvement of the disease on the basis of presence or absence of nodules after one year of the therapy. Lasesonic LS500 (Germany) was used for the therapy with 8-Watt power and 10.19 Watt per cm² concentration.

Results: From 24 patients under study, 21 patients were monitored for one year and their mean age was 16.6±14.8 years. 13 patients were female. Mean duration of the illness was 4.1±3.9 years. The therapy was well-tolerated and major pain and feeling of burn, dryness of skin and brief arrhythmia were disappeared after the next treatment. 2 cases did not respond to the therapy and 90.5% were treated.

Conclusion: Carbon dioxide laser therapy may be an effective means of treatment of recurrent Leishmaniasis. Further experimental research is suggested.