History and Objectives: Sleep disorders are very common in children and with various manifestations and for the latter reason, their complications are less commonly recognized as behavioral, learning disturbances and/or neurobehavioral. Considering the high incidence of such disorders, this research study was carried out to find the ways for diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders.

Materials and Methods: This review article was prepared by carefully studying 35 articles from 1993 to 2000 and the reference developmental behavioral pediatrics.

Results: It was found out that sleep disorders are the most common complaints among children and can lead to inattention and memory and learning disturbances. The sleep disorders include somnolence, no sleep, associated respiratory problems, nightmare, consciousness disturbances and disorders of motor behaviors and nocturnal urination. Furthermore, it can lead ton to other systemic disturbances and/or psychological disorders.

Conclusion: Although sleep disorders are very common in children, but they are often not diagnosed and can lead to neuro-psychological disturbances. It is recommended to consider the sleep disorders in differential diagnosis of behavioral and learning problems in children and to perform more studies in this field.