History and Objectives: Considering the high incidence of congenital abnormality of anterior abdominal wall and its increasing trend and various reports on the efficacy of treatments and lack of information in Iran, this study was carried out of referrals of Ali Asghar hospital from 1991 to 2000.

Materials and Methods: This research study was performed on existing data collected from the medical records of the affected infants and individual characteristics, kind of disorder, accompanied disorders, age, duration of hospitalization, treatment strategy and its result were collected and statistically analyzed.

Results: In this study 30 infants (18 males and 12 females) were evaluated. In this respect, 7 patients had gastroschisis and 23 patients had emphalocele. Meanwhile, there was a mortality rate of 60% and in 40% of them there existed a successful outcome. In this regard, the success rate was 69.6% for emphalocele and 28.6% for gastroschisis (P<0.06). In addition, 3 patients under treatment deceased in cities other than Tehran.

Conclusion and Recommendations: These results showed that the incidence rate for these abnormalities is an average of the reported rate in references and the treatment strategies for emphalocele are more effective than for gastroschisis. In addition, it is recommended to perform researches for finding appropriate and selective treatments for both kinds of abnormalities. In this respect, it is strongly recommended to study the effect of nutrition on the treatment outcome for gastroschisis.