Background: Jaundice is of the most important signs of septicemia, meanwhile, it could be one the presenting signs of neonatal urinary tract infection (UTI). Physicians may request blood and urine culture for jaundiced but otherwise healthy neonates, thus the present study was conducted to determine the incidence of septicemia and UTI in newborns with jaundice hospitalized in Mofid hospital.

Materials and methods : For this descriptive study, 750 jaundiced but otherwise healthy neonates were selected. Urine (by suprapubic approach) and blood samples were obtained for culture.

Results : The mean weight, age, and billirubin level of the subjects were 3228±408gr, 4.95±3.87 days, and 20.7±3.6mg/dl, respectively. We have founf no positive blood culture, but 4 positive urine culture. They were discharged following a successful treatment.

Conclusion : Blood and urine cultures are not necessary for jaundiced neonates and may lose our time and energy.