Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an inflammatory disease. Honey bee venom (HBV) contains a variety of enzymes and biologically active amines that its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects have been established on PCOS. This study aimed to examine the effect of HBV on changes in anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), triglyceride and LDL levels in rats with PCOS.

Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 63 female Wistar rats. PCOS was induced by a single-stage subcutaneous injection of Estradiol Valerate (2 mg⁄100grBW). After 60 days of injection, HBV dissolved in PBS (0.2 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally for ten days. Then the rats were sacrificed and the ovarian tissues in the control, PCOS and HBV-treated PCOS groups were collected for histological study. Finally, the blood serum was isolated to measure the changes in lipid and AMH levels using ELISA method.

Results: Histological studies showed a significant reduction in corpus luteum (CL) diameter in PCOS group compared with the control group an increase in CL in the HBV-treated group compared with the PCOS group. Blood triglycerides and LDL levels in PCOS group were increased compared with the control group, while it was decreased in the HBV-treated group. Moreover, AMH increased in the PCOS group compared with the control one, but it was decreased in the HBV group.

Conclusion: HBV has a beneficial effect on PCOS probably through the expression of AMH factor and the reduction of triglycerides and LDL levels.